Influence of Shape Memory Properties on Sliding Resistance in Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 514-519
Author(s):  
Laurence Jordan ◽  
Pascal Garrec ◽  
Frédéric Prima
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Force System ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Shape Memory Properties ◽  
Sliding Resistance ◽  
Biomechanical Forces ◽  
Initial Force

Tooth movements in an orthodontic treatment are the result of an applied force system, wire-bracket-ligature, and the response of the bone tissue. Starting an orthodontic treatment, it is necessary to exercise a sufficient initial force and then to maintain to obtain a continuous tooth movement. Orthodontic wires, which generate the biomechanical forces, usually transfer forces through brackets to trigger tooth movement. In the case of excessive forces of friction, they are behaving as an opposing force with respect to the movement of the tooth, making it sometimes slower or incontrollable [1].

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil Sema Atuğ Özcan ◽  
İsmail Ceylan ◽  
Erkan Özcan ◽  
Nezahat Kurt ◽  
İlhan Metin Dağsuyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Materials Used

Aim.The aim of this study was to examine the changes in the levels of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in saliva and IL-1β, TNF-α, and NO in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.Material and Method.The subject population consisted of 50 volunteers who were in need of orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. GCF and saliva samples were obtained from all individuals before treatment, at 1st month of treatment and at 6th month of treatment. Periodontal clinical parameters were measured. Samples were investigated to detect IL-1β, TNF-α, and 8-OHdG levels using ELISA method and NO and MDA levels using spectrophotometric method.Results.Since IL-1βlevel detected in GCF at the 6th month of orthodontic treatment is statistically significant according to baseline (P<0.05), all other biochemical parameters detected both in saliva and in GCF did not show any significant change at any measurement periods.Conclusion.Orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontic materials used in orthodontic treatment do not lead to a change above the physiological limits that is suggestive of oxidative damage in both GCF and saliva.

scholarly journals Molar Uprighting: A Considerable and Safe Decision to Avoid Prosthetic Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 466-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taísa Boamorte Raveli ◽  
Dirceu Barnabé Raveli ◽  
Kelei Cristina de Mathias Almeida ◽  
Ary dos Santos Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Force System ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Lower Molar

Background: Tipped lower molar over edentulous space is very common in orthodontics practice when adults seek treatment. The segmented arch technique features a predictable force system that provides a controlled release of force that can produce light and continuous tooth movement. Case Description: A female adult patient, who lost a permanent lower first molar, needed correction of the position of her permanent first molar place. Instead of making space for rehabilitation, it was closed after second molar uprighting and a balanced interdigitation was created without prosthetics. The patient was successfully treated with segmented arch technique using root correction spring activated with geometry VI to promote uprighting of a tipped molar and Niti spring coil to promote space closure. Practical Implications: Segmented arch technique is known to provide predictable light and continuous forces, which is very much indicated in adult treatment. There are several things to consider when orthodontically treating adult patients. Their periodontal conditions might not be ideal, less bone apposition may occur, and side effects of orthodontic tooth movement are expected. Thus, a predictable and controlled orthodontic treatment is needed.

scholarly journals Saliva Leptin Levels in Tooth Movement during Initial Stage of Orthodontic Alignment: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Noraini Abu Bakar ◽  
Wisam Kamil ◽  
Lina Al Bayati ◽  
Basma Ezzat Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: During orthodontic tooth movement, the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute inflammatory reaction. Mechanical stress from orthodontic appliances is believed to induce cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) to form biologically active substances, such as enzymes and cytokines, responsible for connective tissue remodeling (Nishijima Y et al 2006). Leptin, a polypeptide hormone has been classified as a cytokine (Zhang et al 1994). Earlier findings concluded that leptin at high local concentrations protects the host from inflammation and infection as well as maintaining bone levels. It has been also suggested that leptin plays a significant role in bone formation by its direct effect on osteoblasts (Alparslan et al 2010). This pilot study aimed to study leptin in saliva and its association with tooth movement during initial orthodontic alignment. Objectives: To determine if there are any differences in saliva leptin level before and after orthodontic alignment. Material and methods: Ten orthodontic patients (7 girls and 3 boys; mean age, 16.76 ± 1.1 years) with crowding (up to 5mm) that required orthodontic fixed appliances, on a non-extraction basis as part of the treatment plan, were recruited in this longitudinal study. Orthodontic study models were constructed at baseline and at 6- weeks after orthodontic treatment commenced. Full fixed orthodontic appliances with initial 0.014” Nickel Titanium archwire placed. The amount of crowding was measured, before and after initial alignment with an electronic digital caliper (Max-Cal, Japan Micrometer Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with an accuracy of up to 0.01mm. Unstimulated morning saliva sample were collected at all visits, after at least an 8-hour period of fasting and no-toothbrushing. After centrifugation (4000x g;10min), the samples were stored at -25C and tested using Leptin Abnova LEP Human ELISA kit (KA3080) which was subsequently analyzed. Subjects’ periodontal health status was also monitored throughout the study. Ethical approval (ID IREC 262) was received on 7th April 2014 from International Islamic University Malaysia Research Ethics Committee (IREC). Results: Leptin concentration in saliva was significantly decreased in a time-dependant manner (t(9)=8.60, p<0.001), from before orthodontic treatment (7016.45± 425.15 pg/mL) and 6 weeks after bond-up (4901.92±  238.64 pg/mL). Conclusion: Leptin concentration in saliva is decreased during orthodontic tooth movement in initial alignment stage.

scholarly journals Effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on nonmicrobial salivary parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Zogakis ◽  
Erez Koren ◽  
Shlomit Gorelik ◽  
Isaac Ginsburg ◽  
Miriam Shalish
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ph Decrease

ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine possible changes in the levels of salivary antioxidants, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, pH, proteins, and blood in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples from 21 orthodontic patients who met specific inclusion criteria were collected before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0; baseline), 1 hour after bonding (T1), and 4–6 weeks after bonding (T2). Oxidant-scavenging ability (OSA) was quantified using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Cortisol and CRP levels were measured using immunoassay kits. pH levels and presence of proteins and blood in the samples were quantified using strip-based tests. Results: A significant decrease in salivary pH was observed after bonding (P = .013). An increase in oxidant-scavenging abilities during orthodontic treatment was detected, but the change was not statistically significant. Cortisol and CRP levels slightly increased after bonding, but the difference was small without statistical significance. Changes in the presence of proteins and blood were also insignificant. Conclusions: Exposure to fixed orthodontic appliances did not show a significant effect on salivary parameters related to inflammation or stress, with the exception of a significant but transient pH decrease after bonding.

Salivary Sodium and Potassium Concentrations in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Esfehani ◽  
Bahareh Mohammad Zahraiee ◽  
Sepideh Arab ◽  
Fatemeh Hajmanoochehri ◽  
Mohammadtaghi Vatandoust
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess salivary sodium and potassium concentrations in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: In this case-control study, saliva samples (5 cc) were collected from 13 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances before, and 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the beginning of the orthodontic treatment using the spitting method. Saliva samples were also collected from 10 healthy individuals as controls. The saliva samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes and the salivary sodium and potassium concentrations were measured by spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The salivary sodium and potassium concentrations were almost the same in both groups at baseline (P > 0.05). A significant reduction in sodium and an increase in potassium levels were noted in the case group at 1 week compared with baseline (P < 0.001). At 1 week, the potassium concentration was significantly higher and the sodium concentration was significantly lower in the case group (P < 0.01). The salivary sodium significantly increased while the salivary potassium significantly decreased at 1 month compared with 1 week (P < 0.001). The differences with the control group were also significant (P < 0.05). No significant differences were noted between the two groups at 3 months (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Time has a significant effect on the release profile of sodium and potassium ions from orthodontic appliances. The salivary sodium and potassium concentrations returned to their normal pretreatment values within 3 months after the start of fixed orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health: A retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Boke ◽  
Cagri Gazioglu ◽  
Sevil Akkaya ◽  
Murat Akkaya
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health. Materials and Methods: A total of 251 patients among whom 177 were girls and 74 were boys, recruited from the records pool of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, were included in the study. Patients’ treatments have been completed by postgraduate students during the period between 2006 and 2012. Patients’ folders were analyzed according to their age, treatment time, and the type of orthodontic treatment. Intra-oral photographs were analyzed, and the presence or absence of visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession were recorded, and incisor inclinations analyzed on lateral cephalometric films, before and after orthodontic treatment. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in patients treated with functional appliances before and after treatment. In patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession showed significant increases after treatment, gingival biotype did not show any significant difference. Positive correlation was found between lower incisor position and gingival recession in patients treated with fixed appliance and extraction. And also cuspids were the teeth with the highest prevalence of gingival recession. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health, cooperation among patients, orthodontists, and periodontists is important.

scholarly journals Orthodontic treatment time: can it be shortened?

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 90-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Moresca
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Introduction: In the literature, no consensus has been reached about orthodontic treatment time. Similarly, the determining factors of the latter have not yet been completely elucidated. Objective: The aim of the present article was to deepen the discussion on the major factors influencing orthodontic treatment time, as well as to present some strategies that have proven effective in controlling and shortening it. Method: Based on evidences found in the literature, the method focussed in providing the basis for clinical decision-making. Conclusions: Treatment time varies according to the type of malocclusion and treatment options. Orthodontist’s influence, patient’s characteristics and compliance are all decisive in determining treatment time, while the effects provided by orthodontic appliances and methods used to speed tooth movement up seem little effective.

scholarly journals Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment on Salivary Nickel and Chromium Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Imani ◽  
Hamid Mozaffari ◽  
Mazaher Ramezani ◽  
Masoud Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Nickel and chromium ions released from fixed orthodontic appliances may act as allergens. This study aimed to systematically review the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on salivary levels of these ions by doing a meta-analysis on cross-sectional and cohort studies. The Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases were searched for articles on salivary profile of nickel or chromium in patients under fixed orthodontic treatment published from January 1983 to October 2017. A random-effect meta-analysis was done using Review Manager 5.3 to calculate mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and the quality of questionnaire was evaluated by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Fourteen studies were included and analyzed in this meta-analysis. Salivary nickel level was higher in periods of 10 min or less (MD = −11.5 µg/L, 95% CI = −16.92 to −6.07; P < 0.0001) and one day (MD = −1.38 µg/L, 95% CI = −1.97 to −0.80; P < 0.00001) after initiation of treatment compared to baseline (before the insertion of appliance). Salivary chromium level was higher in periods of one day (MD = −6.25 µg/L, 95% CI = −12.00 to −0.49; P = 0.03) and one week (MD = −2.07 µg/L, 95% CI = −3.88 to −0.26; P = 0.03) after the initiation of treatment compared to baseline. Corrosion of fixed orthodontic appliances leads to elevated salivary nickel and chromium concentrations early after initiation of orthodontic treatment. Randomized clinical trials controlling for factors affecting the saliva composition are recommended on a higher number of patients and among different ethnicities.

scholarly journals Essential Attributes of Clear Aligner Therapy in terms of Appliance Configuration, Hygiene, and Pain Levels during the Pandemic: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anand Marya ◽  
Adith Venugopal ◽  
Nikhilesh Vaid ◽  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Clear Aligner

Fixed orthodontic treatment has been compromised at many levels during the pandemic period, as clinics underwent a prolonged lockdown and patients could not be treated regularly. With the end of the pandemic nowhere in sight, may be it is time to put newer tools, such as clear aligner therapy, for better use. Fixed orthodontic appliances by nature are not always self-limiting, which, if left unmonitored over a long period may cause undesirable side effects, pain, and discomfort. The undesired tooth movements that may occur with arch wire-guided mechanics in addition to problems with cut wires or removed brackets may be minimized with the use of aligners. While the benefits of using aligners are for all to see, they do require extensive planning and careful evaluation of the progress. This article reviews the advantages of using aligners during the pandemic period and how it can be beneficial in helping orthodontists resume their practice.

Finite Element Calculation of Bone Remodeling in Orthodontics by Using Forces and Moments

2003 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Geiger ◽  
Juergen Schneider ◽  
Franz G. Sander
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Force System ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Linear Material ◽  
Orthodontic Devices

Orthodontic appliances induce bone remodeling by acting as systems of forces and moments onto the crown of a tooth. These forces and moments should be within low physiological range to avoid resorptions. This is often realized by the use of superelastic wires or springs. For improving the design of these devices, we use the Finite Element Method (FEM) to simulate the behavior of teeth and devices. Great advantages were made in simulating the bone remodeling during the movement of a single tooth. Due to the lack of element types implementing hysteresis in the stress/strain graph, it is difficult to simulate the non-linear material properties of the superelastic wires made of NiTi-alloys. For this reason, we integrated the measurement of the devices into the calculation of the tooth movement. In this study we simulate the orthodontic long-term tooth movement of the canine retraction, using the new hybrid retraction spring.5 This spring allows a well-defined adjustment of the acting force system. The result of this study provides an example of how this approach can be used for future comparison of different orthodontic devices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document