Reuse of Waste Foundry Sand from its Interaction with the Bonding Agent Sodium Silicate

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 591-597
Author(s):  
J.C. Souza ◽  
Adriana Scoton Antonio Chinelatto ◽  
Adilson Luiz Chinelatto ◽  
I.L. Oliveira ◽  
R.E.P. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Green Sand ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Green sand molds are used in metal casting process. However, after heating, activated bentonite present in green sand loses the binding properties, and part of the foundry sand has to be discarded from the process. The ABNT NBR 15.984/2011 standard establishes the management of waste foundry sand (WFS) avoiding disposal in landfills. The objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of reusing the WFS from the study of its interaction with sodium silicate binder. Studies with silica sand and new green sand were performed in order to compare the results obtained with the WFS. The characterization of the samples was performed by measuring compressive strength, by X-ray diffraction, by optical microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there is an interaction of the sodium silicate with the WFS as well as with the silica sand and green sand.

scholarly journals Research on regeneration methods of animal glue waste sand for foundry

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 172270
Author(s):  
Li Ying-min ◽  
Wang Tian-shu ◽  
Liu Wei-hua
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Animal Glue ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Thermal Regeneration ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sand moulds are used in the casting process. However, after heating, the binder in the sand loses the binding properties, and the most part of the foundry sand has to be discarded from the process. The waste foundry sand after the regeneration can be recycled, and reclamation can reduce the production cost and lower waste emissions. The objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of reusing the animal glue binder waste foundry sand from the study of three regeneration methods. Studies with the waste foundry sand and reclaimed sand were performed in order to compare the results obtained with raw sand. The characterization of the samples was performed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Results show that the waste sand was regenerated by mechanical regeneration, thermal regeneration and wet reclamation, respectively. The reclaimed sands have a better performance than the waste foundry sand, and are similar to raw sand. Further, the wet regeneration method is the best one among the three methods.

Synthesis of Mullite-Silica-Rich Glass Using Waste Foundry Sand

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 636-639
Author(s):  
Ruo Fei Xiang ◽  
Yuan Bing Li ◽  
Yong Bin Qiu ◽  
Ya Wei Li ◽  
Yue Ze Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Casting Process ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The World ◽  
Electric Oven ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Waste foundry sand is a kind of solid wastes produced during casting process, the casting output of China ranks first in the world for many years and the amount of waste foundry sand is huge. But the utilization rate of the waste foundry sand is low in China. It is not only a threat to the environment but also a waste.In this paper, waste foundry sand was taken as main starting material, adding proper amount of additives. The shaped samples were heated in the electric oven at the temperature of 1300°C, 1400°C and 1500°C respectively, the soaking time is 3h for all samples.The microstructure and phase composition of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of the temperature on the synthesis of mullite-silica-rich glass was investigated. The results showed that the main phases were mullite and glass when the samples were heated at 1500°C, mullite grain grew well and formed network structure. This network was benefical to improve the thermal shock resistence.It opens up a new method to utilize the waste foundry sand.

Mechanical and microstructural characterization of cement mortars prepared by waste foundry sand (WFS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Çevik ◽  
Tugba Mutuk ◽  
Başak Mesci Oktay ◽  
Arife Kübra Demirbaş
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Comparison Characterization of Geopolymer Source Materials for Coating Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 664-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Fifinatasha ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin ◽  
Mohammed Binhussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coating Application ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
White Clay

Geopolymer is new binder manufactured from an aluminosilicate source materials synthesized of geopolymer by polycondensation reaction of geopolymeric precursor and alkali polysilicate. Material contains mostly Silicon (Si) and Aluminium (Al) in amorphous form is a possible to be geopolymer source material. Several minerals and industrial by-product materials have been investigated geopolymer materials essentially as a replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and for advanced high-tech composites, ceramic applications, and also as an inorganic polymer coating. This paper reports microstructure properties of various geopolymer properties which are kaolin, white clay and silica sand, from Saudi Arabia by conducting several tests. The characterization and particle morphology of the various geopolymer sources materials was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) is conducted according to perform elemental analysis and chemical analysis while X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) investigates crystalline material structure, including atomic arrangement, crystalline size, and imperfections.

Rheological Characterization of Green Sand Flow

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Jabbari ◽  
Jon Spangenberg ◽  
Emil Hovad ◽  
Raphaël Comminal ◽  
Jesper H. Hattel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Casting Process ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Green Sand ◽  
Rheological Characterization ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Model ◽  
Sand Flow ◽  
Rheological Experiments ◽  
Metal Castings

The main aim of this paper is to characterize experimentally the flow behaviour of the green sand that is used for casting of sand moulds. After the sand casting process is performed, the sand moulds are used for metal castings. The rheological properties of the green sand is important to quantify as they can be used to evaluate whether the casting process will be successful. In addition, the properties can potentially be implemented in a computational fluid dynamics model which can be used as a tool to optimize the process. The rheological experiments are carried out on a MCR 502 rheometer with a new module for characterizing granular materials. The new module enables viscosity measurements of the green sand as function of the shear rate at different flow rates, i.e. 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 15 L/min. The results show generally that the viscosity decreases with both the shear- and flow rate. In addition, the measurements show that the green sand flow follows a shear-thinning behaviour even after the full fluidization point.

scholarly journals Characterization of steel billet scales generated during the continuous casting process in SIDERPERU steel plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Borja-Castro ◽  
A. Bustamante Dominguez ◽  
M. I. Valerio-Cuadros ◽  
R. A. Valencia-Bedregal ◽  
H. A. Cabrera-Tinoco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Steel Plant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hyperfine Fields ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Billet Surface ◽  
T Values

AbstractTons of waste is produced during iron steel’s industrial production, creating environmental pollution. This work aims to characterize the steel scale formed on the billet surface during the last step of steel production in the SIDERPERU steel plant. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows stacked layers one above the other on steel billets scales surface. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) reveal the high content of Fe and O, with Ca, Si, Mn, and Cr as minority elemental compounds. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) shows FeO, α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 as crystallographic phases. Magnetometry reveals Verwey transition and paramagnetic signals that screen the Morin transition. Mössbauer Spectroscopy at room temperature displays magnetic and non-magnetic parts. The non-magnetic part has the hyperfine parameters corresponding to predominant nonstoichiometric wustite. Octahedral (Fe+2/Fe3+) and tetrahedral Fe+3 hyperfine fields of 46.0 and 49.4 T values respectively are associated to nonstoichiometric magnetite and another sextet with a hyperfine field of 52.0 T is related to hematite.

Quality Characterization of Iron Dust Exhaust Thermal as Alternative Ceramic Coating Raw Materials in a Brazilian Company

2014 ◽  
Vol 1077 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Luiz Oliveira Veriano dalla Valentina ◽  
Marilena Valadares Folgueras ◽  
Wanessa Rejane Knop ◽  
Maria Cristina Pacheco do Nascimento ◽  
Glaucia Aparecida Prates
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Materials Used

As the raw materials used in the ceramic materials manufacturing are natural, it is important to use them as a alternative materials, thus decreasing the elements demand taken from nature. This paper aims the characterization of foundry solid powder exhaust from a brazilian company located in Joinville - SC as an alternative raw material for ceramic coating by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG). The dust depletion is caused in the manufacturing mold sand process, when the bentonita (clay), silica sand and coal during the metal parts production are mixed in green sand production. The raw materials were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal (DSC) and thermogravimetric analisys (TG). The atomized powder thermogravimetric analysis curve shows three intervals associated with the mass loss and it is typical of clay commercial application.

scholarly journals JOINT TREATMENT OF BENTONITES WITH INORGANIC POLYELECTROLYTES AND CATIONIC SURFACTANTS IN ORDER TO PROMOTE ORGANOCLAY EXFOLIATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Viktor A. Gerasin ◽  
Viktor V. Kurenkov
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Set Up

A new approach to production of organomodified bentonites is offered. Bentonites are consecutively treated with inorganic polyelectrolyte (sodium silicate solution) and quaternary ammonium salts, as a result exfoliated organoclays are obtained. An ejector set up has been used for treatment of natural bentonites. Samples of activated bentonites treated in the ejector set up with sodium silicate solution (up to 21 g of sodium silicate per 100 g of bentonite) were prepared. Structure of the obtained bentonite and organoclay samples was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. It has been shown that treatment of the activated bentonite with sodium silicate does not influence the structure of the non-modified bentonite particles, but facilitates exfoliation of clay after organomodification. Polymer composites based on EVA containing 5% wt. of bentonites were prepared by extrusion mixing. In case of non-modified bentonites microcomposites are formed. In case of organomodified bentonites, not treated with sodium silicate, intercalated nanocomposites are formed. Treatment of bentonite with sodium silicate solution and subsequent organomodification ensures the production of exfoliated nanocomposite. Mechanical properties of obtained polymer composites were determined. Incorporation of 5% wt. clays or organoclays into the polymer material leads to increase in Young modulus (up to 50%), tensile strength (up to 20%); elongation at break decreases by 10% or less. In order to ensure the more significant reinforcing effect in EVA composites optimization of the organomodified bentonite composition (selection of surfactant and its content in the organoclay) has to be carried out with account for the polymer properties.

scholarly journals Investigation of alternative ways for recycling waste foundry sand: an extensive review to present benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-434
Author(s):  
Abdulgazi Gedik ◽  
Abdullah Hilmi Lav ◽  
Musaffa Aysen Lav
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Metal Casting ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
Wide Scale

Foundry sand, an indispensable component of the metal casting process, is discarded after a number of metal casting operations. Virgin sand is then required for any new casting processes, and the spent foundry sand is treated as waste, resulting in huge amounts of discarded sand being either stockpiled or dumped into landfills. This results in a wide scale consumption of natural resources despite the fact that this “waste” can be recycled as a viable resource in various engineering processes. To this end, this study represents a detailed investigation into the possible uses for waste foundry sand. Obtained results concluded that this material can best be utilized in highway and hydraulic barrier construction, as well as low strength concrete production. Thus, the recycling of waste foundry sand results in the conservation and saving of natural and financial resources.

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