Improving the Process of High-Temperature Processing Steel-Smelting Dump Slag by Means of Experimental and Theoretical Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
I.V. Chumanov ◽  
Evgeny A. Trofimov ◽  
A.N. Dildin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Phase Recovery ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
High Temperature Processing ◽  
Factsage Software

The aim of this work is conducting theoretical and experimental research of the processes and modes of high-temperature processing of steel slags for more complete extraction of the metal component. "FactSage" software complex (version 6.4) was used to execute the thermodynamic modeling of the processes occurring during the recovery of metals from steelmaking slags. The experimental research included experiments on solid-phase and liquid-phase recovery of slag samples at the temperatures of 1000 – 1500 °C. The results of thermodynamic modeling and experimental high-temperature slag processing allows speaking about the advisability of preliminary solid-phase recovery slag in the atmosphere of carbon monoxide with subsequent high-temperature (liquid phase) recovery to obtain separate metal fractions.

scholarly journals Iron reduction from concentrates of hydrometallurgical dressing

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 728-735
Author(s):  
I. A. Rybenko ◽  
O. I. Nokhrina ◽  
I. D. Rozhikhina ◽  
M. A. Golodova ◽  
I. E. Khodosov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Software Complex

The article presents results of theoretical and experimental studies of the processes of iron solid-phase reduction from an iron-containing concentrate obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical dressing of ferromanganese and polymetallic manganese-containing ores with coals of grades D (long-flame) and 2B (brown). The method of thermodynamic modeling using TERRA software complex was used to study the reducing properties of hydrocarbons by calculating equilibrium compositions in the temperature range of 373 - 1873 K. The authors obtained the dependences of compositions and volume of the gas phase formed as a result of the release of volatile components during heating on the temperature for the coals of the grades under consideration. As a result of thermodynamic modeling, the optimal temperatures and consumption are determined, which ensure the complete iron reduction from an iron-containing concentrate. The results of experimental studies were obtained by modern research methods using laboratory and analytical equipment, as well as methods of statistical processing. Results of the coals analysis carried out using the Setaram LabSys Evo thermal analyzer showed that the process of thermal decomposition of coals of the studied grades proceeds according to general laws. The process of thermal decomposition of long-flame coal proceeds less intensively than of brown coal. The results of an experimental study of the processes of thermal decomposition of reducing agents have shown that volumes of the gas phases, formed when coals are heated to a temperature of 1173 K in an argon atmosphere, practically coincide with the calculated values. As a result of thermodynamic modeling and experimental study, the optimal consumption of D and 2B grades of coal is determined at a temperature of 1473 K. The best reducing agent with a minimum specific consumption is long-flame coal of D grade. When determining the optimal amount of reducing agent in charge mixtures during the study of metallization processes, it was found that with an excess of reducing agent, it is possible to achieve almost complete extraction (98 - 99 %) of iron from the concentrate.

scholarly journals The Simulation of the Preparation of the Ingot With Liquid Core

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yongqiang wu ◽  
Zhi-ren Sun ◽  
Kaikun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Liquid Core ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Deform 3D ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

Abstract During the preparation of the ingot with liquid core in the early stage, the finite element models of the solidification and the ultra-high temperature demoulding were established in DEFORM-3D. The thermophysical properties of ASSAB 718 with the variations of C, Mn and Cr were calculated in JMatPro®. The material database was imported into DEFORM-3D. Through the analysis of the finite element simulation results, we obtained the influence of three main elements C, Mn and Cr contents on the size of the solid-phase region, the liquid-phase region and the solid-liquid two-phase region in the ingot. We optimized the composition of the material to get a wide solid-liquid phase range. The high carbon, the medium manganese and the high chromium contents were beneficial to form the liquid core. Based on the method of the solidification time, the algorithm was programmed by the python language. We analyzed the influence of the three elements C, Mn, and Cr on the concentration distribution based on the temperature field data, which were obtained by DEFORM-2D after the solidification and the ultra-high temperature demoulding. According to the simulation results, we found that the region prone to negative segregation.

Application of High Temperature Quantitative X-Ray Powder Diffraction on Determination of Ternary System

2011 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Qiu Guo Xiao ◽  
Gang Cheng Ding ◽  
Tang Zhong Long ◽  
Shao Hua Shen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Isothermal Section ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Phase Point ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Phase

This paper has put forward a high-temperature quantitative X-ray powder diffraction analysis method for the determination of an isothermal section of a ternary system in comparison with a conventional method. In a three-phase region of the isothermal section at 1150 °C of Cu2O(CuO)-Al2O3-SiO2 pseudo-ternary system, the compositions of the solid phase points of three system points are determined according to the quantitative analysis of the crystalline phases in the samples carried out by Rietveld method. Then the liquid phase point of the three-phase region is determined according to the crosspoints of the tie lines of every pair of system point and solid phase point. The precisions of the analytical results have reached to be 0.1 ~ 5.0 %. By comparison, a good result is obtained for the determination of the liquid phase point of the three-phase region in the isothermal section at 1150 °C when the analytical results of high-temperature RQA analysis are used in determination of the isothermal section of the pseudo-ternary system.

scholarly journals A preliminary examination of fluid inclusions in nepheline, sorensenite, tugtupite and chkalovite from the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, South Greenland

1970 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
V.S Sobolev ◽  
T.Y Bazarova ◽  
N.A Shugurova ◽  
N.Sh Bazarov ◽  
Y.A Dolgov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Alkaline Intrusion ◽  
Primary Inclusion ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

A preliminary examination has been undertaken of fluid inclusions in four minerals from the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion. The apparatus used in the study has been developed in the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Primary three-phase inclusions (liquid-gas-crystals) in nepheline from naujaite homogenize in the liquid phase at 850-1040° C. The gas phase in one analysed inclusion is dominated by CO2. Primary gas-liquid inclusions in nepheline from green lujavrite homogenize at 910-970° C in the liquid phase. These temperatures are in agreement with temperatures obtained on nephelines from Lovozero, Miask and Synnur and with data from fusion experiments on the rocks in question. Primary gas-liquid inclusions in sorensenite and tugtupite from late analcimealbite veins homogenize at 400-460° C. The liquid phase of fluid inclusions in tugtupite contains 21 weight per cent of salts -sodium chloride is assumed to be predominant. The gas phase in one primary inclusion in tugtupite is dominated by CO2. Secondary fluid inclusions in the two minerals homogenize at 350-100° C. The temperatures obtained are in agreement with those estimated from mineralogical evidence. A big crystal of chkalovite from an ussingite-analcime vein contains several generations of fluid inclusions. The primary liquid-gas-crystal inclusions homogenize at 860-980° C. The solid phase is dissolved at 330-360° C, two immiscible liquids appear at 700-800° C. Half of the ca. 250 fluid inclusions examined belong to this category. The several generations of secondary inclusions which embrace liquid-gascrystal inclusions, gas-liquid inclusions and gas inclusions homogenize in several groups between 760°C and 100°C. The liquid phase of the high temperature inclusions contains 40-44 weight per cent NaCI. The pressure at the temperature of homogenization is estimated to be higher than 1000 atm. The gas phase is dominated by CO2 and N2 + inert gases. The unexpectedly high temperature of homogenization of the primary inclusions of the chkalovite is difficult to explain. A detailed study of this problem is in preparation.

Experimental and Computer Researches of Ferroconcrete Beams at High-Temperature Influences

2019 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Otrosh ◽  
Mykola Surianinov ◽  
Alexander Golodnov ◽  
Olena Starova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Software Complex

The paper presents experimental and computer researches of ferroconcrete beams at high-temperature influences. There were conducted the experimental fire tests of ferroconcrete beams. The most promising way of verifying these experimental research data is computer simulation of structures, also during a fire. In order to evaluate the quality of the experiment and the reliability of the received temperature distribution, there was conducted a computer simulation of the ferroconcrete beam in the ANSYS R.17.1 software complex. There were conducted a comparative analysis of the results of experimental studies and numerical analysis. The results confirm that the method of conducted experimental research and computer simulation with further numerical analysis can be recommended for practical application.

Identification of hepatitis a virus in cell cultures by solid phase immune electron microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 238-239
Author(s):  
C.D. Humphrey ◽  
T.L. Cromeans ◽  
E.H. Cook ◽  
D.W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Immune Electron Microscopy ◽  
Detection And Identification

There is a variety of methods available for the rapid detection and identification of viruses by electron microscopy as described in several reviews. The predominant techniques are classified as direct electron microscopy (DEM), immune electron microscopy (IEM), liquid phase immune electron microscopy (LPIEM) and solid phase immune electron microscopy (SPIEM). Each technique has inherent strengths and weaknesses. However, in recent years, the most progress for identifying viruses has been realized by the utilization of SPIEM.

AFM study of the dynamics of α-alumina surface faceting during high-temperature processing

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 334-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Bench ◽  
Jason R. Heffelfinger ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Conductive Coatings ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
High Temperature Processing ◽  
Nominal Surface

To gain a better understanding of the surface faceting that occurs in α-alumina during high temperature processing, atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies have been performed to follow the formation and evolution of the facets. AFM was chosen because it allows for analysis of topographical details down to the atomic level with minimal sample preparation. This is in contrast to SEM analysis, which typically requires the application of conductive coatings that can alter the surface between subsequent heat treatments. Similar experiments have been performed in the TEM; however, due to thin foil and hole edge effects the results may not be representative of the behavior of bulk surfaces.The AFM studies were performed on a Digital Instruments Nanoscope III using microfabricated Si3N4 cantilevers. All images were recorded in air with a nominal applied force of 10-15 nN. The alumina samples were prepared from pre-polished single crystals with (0001), , and nominal surface orientations.

SYNTHESIS OF HYDROGEN IN ACOUSTOPLASMA DISCHARGE IN A LIQUID-PHASE STREAM

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Bulychev
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Plasma Discharge ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
External Power Source ◽  
Phase Medium

In this paper, the plasma discharge in a high-pressure fluid stream in order to produce gaseous hydrogen was studied. Methods and equipment have been developed for the excitation of a plasma discharge in a stream of liquid medium. The fluid flow under excessive pressure is directed to a hydrodynamic emitter located at the reactor inlet where a supersonic two-phase vapor-liquid flow under reduced pressure is formed in the liquid due to the pressure drop and decrease in the flow enthalpy. Electrodes are located in the reactor where an electric field is created using an external power source (the strength of the field exceeds the breakdown threshold of this two-phase medium) leading to theinitiation of a low-temperature glow quasi-stationary plasma discharge.A theoretical estimation of the parameters of this type of discharge has been carried out. It is shown that the lowtemperature plasma initiated under the flow conditions of a liquid-phase medium in the discharge gap between the electrodes can effectively decompose the hydrogen-containing molecules of organic compounds in a liquid with the formation of gaseous products where the content of hydrogen is more than 90%. In the process simulation, theoretical calculations of the voltage and discharge current were also made which are in good agreement with the experimental data. The reaction unit used in the experiments was of a volume of 50 ml and reaction capacity appeared to be about 1.5 liters of hydrogen per minute when using a mixture of oxygen-containing organic compounds as a raw material. During their decomposition in plasma, solid-phase products are also formed in insignificant amounts: carbon nanoparticles and oxide nanoparticles of discharge electrode materials.

INFLUENCE OF FORCED CONVECTION IN LIQUID INSIDE THE TIN ON DURATION OF STERILIZATION IN THE COURSE OF FISH PROCESSING

2017 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Valentinovich Alexeev ◽  
Elena Igorevna Verboloz
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Equipment Modernization ◽  
Bottom To Top

The article focuses on the process of intensive mixing of liquid phase in the tin during high-temperature sterilization, i.e. sterilization when temperature of the heat carrier reaches 150-160°C. It has been stated that for intensification of the thermal process during sterilization of tinned fish with liquid filling it is preferable to turn a tin from bottom to top. This operation helps to increase the driving power of the process and to shorten warming time. Besides, high-temperature sterilization carried out according to experimental modes, where the number of tin turnovers is calculated, greatly shortens processing time and improves quality of the product. In this case there is no superheating, all tins are evenly heated. The study results will contribute to equipment modernization and to preserving valuable food qualities.

High-temperature properties of liquid-phase-sintered α-SiC

2000 ◽  
Vol 282 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Jensen ◽  
William E. Luecke ◽  
Nitin P. Padture ◽  
Sheldon M. Wiederhorn
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
High Temperature Properties
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