TiO2 Powder Synthesized via the Solvothermal Method and Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Methomyl

2016 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
Pongthep Jansanthea ◽  
Weerasak Chomkitichai ◽  
Jiraporn Ketwaraporn ◽  
Pusit Pookmanee ◽  
Sukon Phanichphant
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Degradation Rate Constant

TiO2 powder was synthesized via the solvothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Single phase anatase was obtained without calcination steps. The particle was irregular in shape with average particle size of 1.0 μm. The characteristic X–ray radiation of element was show titanium at 4.510 keV and 4.931 keV and oxygen at 0.523 keV. The photocatalytic degradation of methomyl in aqueous solution over TiO2 powder under UV irradiation was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The influence of the amount of TiO2 powder for photocatalytic degradation of methomyl and rate constant were determined. The optimum condition for photocatalytic degradation of methomyl over TiO2 powder was obtained at 0.05 g.L-1 for the amount of TiO2 powder in 60 min. The degradation rate constant at the optimum condition was 0.0243 min-1.

Synthesis of Mercury Cadmium Telluride Nanoparticles by Solvothermal Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
Author(s):  
RangaRao Arnepalli ◽  
Viresh Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Telluride ◽  
Mercury Cadmium Telluride ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
First Time ◽  
Elemental Form

Abstract:Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT) nanoparticles were synthesized by Solvothermal method for the first time. Mercury, Cadmium and Tellurium in compound/elemental form were added to Ethylenediamine (solvent) in the Teflon-Stainless-Steel autoclave along with a reducing agent. Different compositions of MCT were synthesized by varying the proportions of Hg and Cd to obtain Hg1-xCdxTe with x varying from 1 to 0. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of MCT nanoparticles with predominant cubic (111) phase. TEM studies revealed that the average particle size ranged from 10 to15 nm for different compositions.

scholarly journals Thermal, Structural, and Physical Properties of Freeze Dried Tropical Fruit Powder

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Athmaselvi ◽  
C. Kumar ◽  
M. Balasubramanian ◽  
Ishita Roy
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Fruit Powder ◽  
Lcr Meter

This study evaluates the physical properties of freeze dried tropical (guava, sapota, and papaya) fruit powders. Thermal stability and weight loss were evaluated using TGA-DSC and IR, which showed pectin as the main solid constituent. LCR meter measured electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss factor. Functional groups assessed by FTIR showed presence of chlorides, and O–H and N–H bonds in guava, chloride and C–H bond in papaya, and chlorides, and C=O and C–H bonds in sapota. Particle size and type of starch were evaluated by X-ray diffraction and microstructure through scanning electronic microscopy. A semicrystalline profile and average particle size of the fruit powders were evidenced by X-ray diffraction and lamellar/spherical morphologies by SEM. Presence of A-type starch was observed in all three fruits. Dependence of electric and dielectric properties on frequency and temperature was observed.

Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Carbon Encapsulated Fe-Cu Alloy Nanoparticles

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 673-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xue ◽  
Hou Kui Xiang ◽  
Hong Qiao Ding ◽  
Shu Li Pang ◽  
Xue Hua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Measurement ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Soft Magnetic Property ◽  
Copper Nitrate ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Ferric Nitrate ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cu Alloy

Carbon encapsulated Fe-Cu alloys nanoparticles were synthesized by using ferric nitrate, copper nitrate as metal sources and using sucrose as carbon source. The synthesis process involved a step of hydrazine hydrate reduction in alcohol solution and a step of annealing carbonization. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, X-ray energy dispersion spectrograph, trans- mission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed the sample was core / shell structure, the metalic core was crystalline FeCu4 alloy, the shell was amorphous carbon, and the average particle size was about 51nm. The magnetic measurement by using a vibrating sample magnetometer revealed that the sample has ultra-soft magnetic property with the saturation magnetization Ms of 13.01 emu/g, residual magnetization Mr of 0.37 emu/g and coercive forces Hc of 54.43 Oe at room temperature.

Preparation and Luminescence Properties of Sr2CeO4 Doped with Ho3+

2013 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
Ling Li Ma ◽  
Xiao Li Xu ◽  
Zi Fei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultraviolet Excitation ◽  
Near Ultraviolet ◽  
State Method ◽  
Photo Luminescent

Sr2CeO4: Ho3+ was prepared by high-temperature solid-state method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and photo luminescent (PL). The Sr2CeO4:Ho3+ phosphors showed a red emission under the near-ultraviolet excitation (280 nm) and the main emission centered at 475 nm. It has been found that A+ (A+ = Li+, Na+ or K+) codoped Sr2CeO4: Ho3+ phosphors could lead to a remarkable increase of photoluminescence. Luminous intensity was the highest when doping Li+ ions. Investigation indicated that Sr2Ce0.989O4: 0.001Ho3+, 0.01Li+ exhibited the strongest emission. The average particle size was about 6 um. The optimum sintering temperature was 1200 °C and the possible mechanism was also discussed.

Solvothermal Synthesis of CuInSe2 Nanostructured Powders: Comparing Open-Air with Applying Internal Imposed Pressure

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 912-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Khanaki ◽  
Hossein Abdizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Golobostanfard
Keyword(s):  
Solvothermal Synthesis ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Chalcopyrite Structure ◽  
Process Time ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Nanocrystalline CuInSe2 (CIS) powders were synthesized with a simple open-air solvothermal method as well as under conditions of applying internal imposed pressure. No post-treating processes such as annealing or selenization were used in both methods. The synthesis processes involved the reaction of precursors in an autoclave for different process times. Structural, morphological, and opto-electronic properties of CIS powders were compared. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) confirmed the formation of chalcopyrite structure of CIS powders in both approaches at reaction temperature of 220 °C and for short process time. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results show that while CIS powders synthesized under the atmospheric condition are mostly agglomerated, particles have more specific shapes in samples synthesized under internal imposed pressure. Furthermore, the band gap energies of synthesized CIS powders were obtained using diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy (DRS) measurements.

scholarly journals Structural Analysis of Platinum Nanoparticles on Carbon Nanotube Surface as Electrocatalyst System

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Indriyati Indriyati ◽  
Wisnu Ari Adi ◽  
Rike Yudianti ◽  
Emil Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Unit Cell Volume ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Lattice Parameters ◽  
Atomic Density ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
X Ray

Synthesis of Pt/CNT composite by using sol gel method has been performed which the composition of CNT on the composite are vary, (x = 20, 40, 60 and 80 wt%). Performance of composite was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. In the refinement results of X-ray diffraction pattern, the composite consists of two phases, namely, carbon and platinum phases. Carbon phase has a structure hexagonal (P 63 m c) with lattice parameters a = b = 2.451(2) Å and c = 6.89(1) Å, α = β = 90° and γ = 120°, the unit cell volume of V = 35.8(1) A3, and the atomic density of ρ = 2.224 g.cm-3. While platinum phase has the structure of cubic (F m -3 m) with lattice parameters a = b = c = 3.921(2) Å, α = β = γ = 90°, the unit cell volume of V = 60.3(1) A3, and the atomic density of ρ = 21.487 g.cm-3.According to the image of TEM, the average particle size for Pt nano particle is estimated to range from 4.1-4.3 nm. While the cavity diameter average of CNT is estimated to range from 5.9-7.5 nm. Based on the calculation, the crystallite size of the Pt particle was around 4.31 nm. The optimum value of dispersed Pt into CNT occurred at 60 wt% CNT with the best composition of Pt in the unit cell of cystal structure. We concluded that this study successfully dispersed Pt nanoparticles onto CNT formed Pt/CNT composite. This was a great opportunity that the composite can be applied as electrocatalyst system on fuel cell application.

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF ULTRAFINE Zn-DOPED CaCu3Ti4O12 CERAMIC

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250007 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAXMAN SINGH ◽  
U. S. RAI ◽  
K. D. MANDAL ◽  
MADHU YASHPAL
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sintered Powder

Ultrafine powder of CaCu2.80Zn0.20Ti4O12 ceramic was prepared using a novel semi-wet method. DTA/TG analysis of dry powder gives pre-information about formation of final product around 800°C. The formation of single phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The average particle size of sintered powder of the ceramic obtained from XRD and Transmission electron microscopy was found 59 nm and 102 nm, respectively. Energy Dispersive X-ray studies confirm the stoichiometry of the synthesized ceramic. Dielectric constant of the ceramic was found to be 2617 at room temperature at 1 kHz.

Effect of Concentration of Iron Oxide on Crystallization Behavior in Leadless Iron Oxide Crystalline Glaze

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Supakorn Silakate ◽  
Anucha Wannagon ◽  
Apinon Nuntiya
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Nepheline Syenite ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Iron Oxide Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The objectives of this study were to prepare leadless crystalline glazes from iron oxide by using low temperature firing (1,100°C) and to study the effect of concentration of iron oxide on the phase composition of the glaze raw materials on phase transformation in leadless iron oxide crystalline glaze. The crystalline phases were investigated by using the DTA, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The composition of the glaze raw materials compose of nepheline syenite, colemanite, pottery stone, bentonite, ZnO, Li2CO3, SiOSubscript text2 and 10, 15 and 20%(w/w) iron oxide (Fe2O3). The glaze raw materials were ground for homogeneous mixtures by ball milling for 24h. The average particle size of the mixture was 3.86 µm. The glaze bodies were carried to firing at 1,100°C at the heating rate of 2°C/min and soaking for 0.5h. Then, the glaze bodies were cooled at the cooling rate of 1°C/min and maintained at 1,080°C for 3h and then maintained at 980°C for 1h, respectively. From the experiment results, it was found that the crystallization temperatures (Tc) of franklinite (ZnFe2O4) and anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) depend on the concentration of iron oxide content.

scholarly journals Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Citriodorum)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusnita Rifai
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cubic Crystal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
And Storage

AbstrakNanopartikel perak telah disintesis menggunakan metode reduksi. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak metanol daun Kemangi (Ocimum citriodorum) digunakan sebagai agen pereduksi untuk prekursor AgNO3. Sintesis nanopartikel perak dilakukan dengan mencampurkan laru- tan AgNO3 1mM dengan filtrat ekstrak daun kemangi. Hasil karakterisasi UV-Vis menun- jukkan bahwa nilai absorbansi meningkat dengan meningkatnya waktu kontak reaksi. Pun- cak absorbansi spektrum UV-Vis dari sampel biosintesis nanopartikel perak berkisar pada 427-439 nm selama 1 hari dengan pengadukan dan penyimpanan. Ukuran nanopartikel perak ditentukan menggunakan Pengukur Ukuran Partikel (PSA) dengan rata-rata distribusi uku- ran partikel sebesar 57,38 nm. Efek mekanik dalam proses biosintesis nanopartikel perak cenderung mempercepat pembentukan nanopartikel perak. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD) diketahui kristalit yang terbentuk memiliki intensitas terbesar pada sudut 38° dengan nilai FWHM 0,66310 (ukuran 0,3 nm) dalam sistem kristal kubik.Kata kunci: Biosintesis, Nanopartikel Perak, Ocimum citriodorum, Karakterisasi AbstractSynthesis of silver nanoparticles by using the reduction method with methanol extract basil (Ocimum citriodorum) leaves, which acted as a reducing agent for AgNO3 precursor have been conducted. Synthesis nanoparticles was carried out by mixing the solution of AgNO3 1mM with filtrate extract of Ocimum leaves. The results of characterization showed that absorbance values increased with the increase in reaction time. Peak of UV-Vis absorption spectrum of biosynthesis sample of silver nanoparticles with stirring and storage each at a wavelength 427-439 nm for 1 day. Silver nanoparticles size was determined by using PSA (Particles Size Analyzer) with an average particle size distribution of 57,38 nm. Mechanical effect in biosynthesis process of silver nanoparticles tends to speed up the formation of silver nanoparticles. The result of characterization by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) described that the formed crystal had the angle of 38° with the value of FWHM 0,66310 (sixe 0.3 nm) in cubic crystal system.Key word: Biosynthesis, Silver Nanoparticles, Ocimum citriodorum, Characterization.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutant using Reduced Graphene Oxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 870-872
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Scaning Electron Microscopy

A simple eco friendly preparation of reduced graphene oxide from graphene oxide using strawberry extract is reported. As prepared reduced graphene oxide were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scaning electron microscopy and degradation performane of MB. The reduced graphene oxide was effectively degradation of MB.

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