Carbon-Based Adsorbents from Used Rubber Slipper for Dye Removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 951 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Elayarasan Rajendaran ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini ◽  
Agus Arsad ◽  
Noor Shawal Nasri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Methylene Blue Removal ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Carbon Based

Carbon-based adsorbents were prepared from used rubber slipper through steam and potassium hydroxide activation for methylene blue removal. The materials were characterized for thermal decomposition, surface functional groups and specific surface area. Adsorbent prepared through potassium hydroxide activation shows a greater surface area of 76.2 m2/g and a higher maximum adsorption capacity of 60.2 mg/g. The steam-activated adsorbent displays a reasonably good adsorption capacity of 24 mg/g despite its trivial surface area of 0.543 m2/g. The equilibrium and kinetics data fitted well with the Langmuir and pseudo-kinetics models, respectively. The used rubber slipper is a promising adsorbent candidate for dye removal from water.

Adsorption and Catalysis of Orange II from Wastewater by Inorganic-Organic-Bentonite

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Ma ◽  
Jian Ming Yu ◽  
Bing Ying Cui ◽  
Ding Long Li ◽  
Juan Dai
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Acid Dye ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Organic Bentonite ◽  
Maximum Removal

Inorganic-organic-bentonite was synthesized by modification of bentonite by Hydroxy-iron and surfactant, which could be applied in dye removal by adsorption and catalysis. The removal of acid dye Orange II was studied at various factors such as time and pH of solution. The results showed that the inorganic-organic-bentonite could efficiently remove the dye with efficiency of 96.22%. The maximum adsorption capacity is 76 mg/g. The pH of solution has significant effect on both adsorption and catalysis. When pH was 4, the maximum removal efficiency of adsorption and catalysis were 97.57% and 87.23%, respectively. After degradation, the secondary pollution was diminished and the bentonite could be reused.

Study of the Porous Structure and High Adsorption Capacity of Biomass-Based Activated Carbon Prepared from Aspen Wood by Ferric Nitrate III Activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Chunjiang Jin ◽  
Huimin Chen ◽  
Luyuan Wang ◽  
Xingxing Cheng ◽  
Donghai An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Aspen Wood ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Wood Sawdust

In this study, aspen wood sawdust was used as the raw material, and Fe(NO3)3 and CO2 were used as activators. Activated carbon powder (ACP) was produced by the one-step physicochemical activation method in an open vacuum tube furnace. The effects of different mass ratios of Fe(NO3)3 and aspen wood sawdust on the pore structure of ACP were examined under single-variable experimental conditions. The mass ratio was 0–0.4. The detailed characteristics of ACP were examined by nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption capacity of ACP was established by simulating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using ethyl acetate. The results showed that ACP has a good nanostructure with a large pore volume, specific surface area, and surface functional groups. The pore volume and specific surface area of Fe-AC-0.3 were 0.26 cm3/g and 455.36 m2/g, respectively. The activator played an important role in the formation of the pore structure and morphology of ACP. When the mass ratio was 0–0.3, the porosity increased linearly, but when it was higher than 0.3, the porosity decreased. For example, the pore volume and specific surface area of Fe-AC-0.4 reached 0.24 cm3/g and 430.87 m2/g, respectively. ACP presented good VOC adsorption performance. The Fe-AC-0.3 sample, which contained the most micropore structures, presented the best adsorption capacity for ethyl acetate at 712.58 mg/g. Under the action of the specific reaction products nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxygen, the surface of modified ACP samples showed different rich C/O/N surface functional groups, including C-H, C=C, C=O, C-O-C, and C-N.

scholarly journals Preparation of phosphorus-doped boron nitride and its adsorption of heavy metals from flue gas

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 200079
Author(s):  
Yanlong Li ◽  
Hongxi Li ◽  
Rundong Li ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Shengqiang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Addition Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Doped

Boron nitride, also known as white graphene, has attracted extensive attention in the fields of adsorption, catalysis and hydrogen storage due to its excellent chemical properties. In this study, a phosphorus-doped boron nitride (P-BN) material was successfully prepared using red phosphorus as a dopant for the preparation of porous boron nitride precursors. The phosphorus content in the P-BN was adjusted based on the addition rate of phosphorus. The specific surface area of P-BN first increased and then decreased with increasing addition rate of phosphorus. The maximum specific surface area was 837.8 m 2 g −1 when the phosphorus addition rate was 0.50. The P-BN prepared in the experiments was used as an adsorbent, and its adsorption capacity for heavy metals from flue gas was investigated. In particular, P-BN presented a stronger adsorption selectivity for zinc compared with other heavy metals, and its adsorption capacity for zinc was 5–38 times higher than for other heavy metals. The maximum adsorption capacity of P-BN for zinc and copper in a single heavy metal atmosphere was 69.45 and 53.80 mg g −1 , respectively.

scholarly journals Dysprosium Removal from Water Using Active Carbons Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
María Esther Escudero ◽  
Francisco José Alguacil ◽  
Irene Llorente ◽  
Ana Urbieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Microporous Material ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

This paper describes the physicochemical study of the adsorption of dysprosium (Dy3+) in aqueous solution onto two types of activated carbons synthesized from spent coffee ground. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)-activated carbon is a microporous material with a specific Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 2330 m2·g−1 and pores with a diameter of 3.2 nm. Carbon activated with water vapor and N2 is a solid mesoporous, with pores of 5.7 nm in diameter and a specific surface of 982 m2·g−1. A significant dependence of the adsorption capacity on the solution pH was found, but it does not significantly depend on the dysprosium concentration nor on the temperature. A maximum adsorption capacity of 31.26 mg·g−1 and 33.52 mg·g−1 for the chemically and physically activated carbons, respectively, were found. In both cases, the results obtained from adsorption isotherms and kinetic study were better a fit to the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In addition, thermodynamic results indicate that dysprosium adsorption onto both activated carbons is an exothermic, spontaneous, and favorable process.

Physicochemical Properties of Carbons Prepared from Physic Nut Waste by Phosphoric Acid and Potassium Hydroxide Activations

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 1719-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiravoot Pechyen ◽  
Duangdao Aht-Ong ◽  
Duangduen Atong ◽  
Viboon Sricharoenchaikul
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Data

Char derived from pyrolysis of physic nut waste at 400-800°C was used for the preparation of activated carbon by chemical impregnation of phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide. The original char exhibited the BET surface area in the range of 120-250 m2·g-1. The surface area increased to 480 and 532 m2·g-1 when activated with H3PO4 and KOH, respectively. Equilibrium adsorption data was found to be best represented by the Langmuir isotherm with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 560.13 mg·g-1 at 30°C. The adsorption capacity of the physic nut residue activated carbon was comparable to commercial activated carbon.

scholarly journals ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA METILEN BIRU DENGAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KULIT DURIAN MENGGUNAKAN KOH DAN NaOH SEBAGAI AKTIVATOR

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Hanum ◽  
Rikardo Jgst Gultom ◽  
Maradona Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Maximum Surface

Durian is a kind of tropical fruits which can grow well in Indonesia. Durian is containing 60-75% shell. Durian shell could be a potential alternative to activated carbon because it contains 57.42% carbon. The aim of this research is to know the effect of contact time and  stirring speed to activated carbon adsorption capacity from durian shell with KOH and NaOH as activators. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) analysis showed the activation process effects on  absorption intensity  wavelength region and resulted in formation of C = C aromatic tape, so that the nature of the charcoal becomes more polar compared with the initial condition. Analysis using spectrophotometer UV-Vis to determine  absorbance and  final concentration of each variation of contact time and stirring speed. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained by activation of KOH and NaOH on stirring speed of 150 rpm and a contact time of 90 minutes is equal to 3.92 mg / g and 3.8 mg / g respectively. The maximum surface area obtained by activation of KOH and NaOH during the stirring speed 130 rpm and a contact time of 120 minutes is equal to 1785.263 m2 / g and 1730.332 m2 / g respectively. The maximum surface area obtained from this research has met the standards of commercial activated carbon surface area was between 800-1800 m2/ g. Modeling pseudo second order presents a more representative adsorption data, a second order equation is based on the assumption that adsorption step is chemosorption.

scholarly journals Investigation of kinetics and adsorption isotherm for fluoride removal from aqueous solutions using mesoporous cerium–aluminum binary oxide nanomaterials

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (46) ◽  
pp. 28744-28760
Author(s):  
Rumman Zaidi ◽  
Saif Ullah Khan ◽  
I. H. Farooqi ◽  
Ameer Azam
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Binary Oxide ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity

Mesoporous Ce–Al binary oxide nanomaterials prepared with a surface area of 110.32 m2 g−1 showed defluoridation capacity at pH 2.4, exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 384.6 mg g−1 and a removal efficiency of 91.5% at a small dose of nanoadsorbent.

scholarly journals Sheet-like Skeleton Carbon Derived from Shaddock Peels with Hierarchically Porous Structures for Ultra-Fast Removal of Methylene Blue

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2554
Author(s):  
Panlong Dong ◽  
Hailin Liu ◽  
Shengrui Xu ◽  
Changpo Chen ◽  
Suling Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
Column Adsorption

To remove the pollutant methylene blue (MB) from water, a sheet-like skeleton carbon derived from shaddock peels (SPACs) was prepared by NaOH activation followed by a calcination procedure under nitrogen protection in this study. Characterization results demonstrated that the as-prepared SPACs displayed a hierarchically porous structure assembled with a thin sheet-like carbon layer, and the surface area of SPAC-8 (activated by 8 g NaOH) was up to 782.2 m2/g. The as-prepared carbon material presented an ultra-fast and efficient adsorption capacity towards MB due to its macro-mesoporous structure, high surface area, and abundant functional groups. SPAC-8 showed ultrafast and efficient removal capacity for MB dye. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 1 min with a removal efficiency of 99.6% at an initial concentration of 100 mg/g under batch adsorption model conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity for MB was up to 432.5 mg/g. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model and a Langmuir isotherm model described the adsorption process well, which suggested that adsorption rate depended on chemisorption and the adsorption process was controlled by a monolayer adsorption, respectively. Furthermore, column adsorption experiments showed that 96.58% of MB was removed after passing through a SPAC-8 packed column with a flow rate of 20 mL/min, initial concentration of 50 mg/L, and adsorbent dosage of 5 mg. The as-prepared adsorbent displays potential value in practical applications for dye removal due to its ultrafast and efficient adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals A Novel Geopolymer Foam Based On ZSM-5 Zeolite Fabricated Using Templating Emulsion/Chemical Foaming Method and Its Application in Batch and Continuous Dye Removal Systems

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Monjezi ◽  
Vahid Javanbakht
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Continuous Systems ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chemical Foaming

Abstract Geopolymers as sustainable and environmentally friendly “green materials”, can be synthesized by utilizing waste material and by-products. A porous geopolymer foam adsorbent based on ZSM-5 zeolite was prepared using templating emulsion/chemical foaming method in different conditions and used for dye removal in batch and continuous systems. The parameters affecting the dye adsorption including temperature, concentration, and pH, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics of the process were investigated. The results of the geopolymer foam synthesis showed that thermal pretreatment of the zeolite has a positive effect on the strength and adsorption capacity. Moreover, the increase in sodium silicate more than the stoichiometric reduces the strength and adsorption capacity. The findings obtained from the batch adsorption process showed that the adsorption kinetics of the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption isotherm of the Temkin model is adjusted with the experimental data. Thermodynamic results indicated that the process of dye adsorption with geopolymer foam is exothermic. The results from continuous experiments indicated more compatibility of the adsorption process with the models of Thomas and Bohart-Adams. The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue in batch and continuous processes was 9.82 and 8.17 mg/g. The adsorbent reduction was performed successfully by chemical and thermal processes.

scholarly journals Fabrication of porous composites based on alginate to improve the adsorption capacity of Ni(II)

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Xuan Minh Vu ◽  
◽  
Thi Lan Pham ◽  
Thi My Hanh Le ◽  
Tuan Dung Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Alginate Bead ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Porous Composite ◽  
Calcium Alginate Bead ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Calcium alginate bead (CAB) is a good adsorbent of heavy metal ions; however, CAB has a small specific surface area, limiting its applications in the removal of heavy metals in water treatment. In this study, alginate is denatured with activated carbon and surfactants to increase the porosity of the material and improve the adsorption capacity of the Ni(II) ion. Initial undenatured calcium alginate bead is almost no pores and a very small specific surface area (~0.04 m2/g). After modification, the porous composite made from alginate combined with active carbon and surfactant (P-CAB) has a large specific surface area ~160 m2/g, 4,000 times higher than CAB. The results of the Ni(II) ion adsorption study also showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of porous composite (qmax of 53.76 mg/g) significantly improved by 8.3 times than the adsorption capacity of CAB (6.48 mg/g).

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