scholarly journals Fabrication of porous composites based on alginate to improve the adsorption capacity of Ni(II)

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Xuan Minh Vu ◽  
◽  
Thi Lan Pham ◽  
Thi My Hanh Le ◽  
Tuan Dung Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Alginate Bead ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Porous Composite ◽  
Calcium Alginate Bead ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Calcium alginate bead (CAB) is a good adsorbent of heavy metal ions; however, CAB has a small specific surface area, limiting its applications in the removal of heavy metals in water treatment. In this study, alginate is denatured with activated carbon and surfactants to increase the porosity of the material and improve the adsorption capacity of the Ni(II) ion. Initial undenatured calcium alginate bead is almost no pores and a very small specific surface area (~0.04 m2/g). After modification, the porous composite made from alginate combined with active carbon and surfactant (P-CAB) has a large specific surface area ~160 m2/g, 4,000 times higher than CAB. The results of the Ni(II) ion adsorption study also showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of porous composite (qmax of 53.76 mg/g) significantly improved by 8.3 times than the adsorption capacity of CAB (6.48 mg/g).

scholarly journals Preparation of phosphorus-doped boron nitride and its adsorption of heavy metals from flue gas

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 200079
Author(s):  
Yanlong Li ◽  
Hongxi Li ◽  
Rundong Li ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Shengqiang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Addition Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Doped

Boron nitride, also known as white graphene, has attracted extensive attention in the fields of adsorption, catalysis and hydrogen storage due to its excellent chemical properties. In this study, a phosphorus-doped boron nitride (P-BN) material was successfully prepared using red phosphorus as a dopant for the preparation of porous boron nitride precursors. The phosphorus content in the P-BN was adjusted based on the addition rate of phosphorus. The specific surface area of P-BN first increased and then decreased with increasing addition rate of phosphorus. The maximum specific surface area was 837.8 m 2 g −1 when the phosphorus addition rate was 0.50. The P-BN prepared in the experiments was used as an adsorbent, and its adsorption capacity for heavy metals from flue gas was investigated. In particular, P-BN presented a stronger adsorption selectivity for zinc compared with other heavy metals, and its adsorption capacity for zinc was 5–38 times higher than for other heavy metals. The maximum adsorption capacity of P-BN for zinc and copper in a single heavy metal atmosphere was 69.45 and 53.80 mg g −1 , respectively.

scholarly journals REMOVAL OF Cd(II) FROM WATER BY USING GRAPHENE OXIDE–MnFe2O4 MAGNETIC NANOHYBRIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1B) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huu Hieu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Magnetic Nanohybrids

In this work, graphene oxide–manganese ferrite (GO–MnFe2O4) magnetic nanohybrids were synthesized by co–precipitation technique. The adsorption properties of GO–MnFe2O4 for efficient removal of Cd(II) from contaminated water were investigated. The nanohybrids were characterized by using X–ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area (BET), transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). VSM result showed the high saturation magnetization values Ms = 27.1 emu/g, the BET specific surface area was 84.236 m2/g. Adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the GO–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids and compared with MnFe2O4 nanoparticles and GO nanosheets. The equilibrium time for adsorption of Cd(II) onto the nanohybrids was 240 minutes. Experimental adsorption data were well–fitted to the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo–second–order kinetic equation. The experimental results showed that adsorption of Cd(II) using GO–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids was better than MnFe2O4 and GO with a maximum adsorption capacity of 121.951 mg/g at pH 8.  Reusability, ease of magnetic separation, high removal capacity, and fast kinetics lead the GO–MnFe2O4 nanohybrids to be promising adsorbents for removal heavy metals from contaminated water.

scholarly journals Adsorption and Photodegradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes by TiO2-Chitosan Nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Imelda Fajriati ◽  
Mudasir Mudasir ◽  
Endang Tri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Anionic Dye ◽  
Reaction Constant ◽  
Kinetics Of

The adsorption and photodegradation of cationic and anionic dyes by TiO2-chitosan nanocomposites have been studied. This study investigated the specific surface area, pores volume, pores size of TiO2-Chitosan nanocomposite, and determination kinetics of the reaction on the adsorption and photodegradation process. The methods were carried out by mixing TiO2-nanocomposite into cationic and anionic dyes in various contact times and initial dye concentrations. The results showed that nanocomposite adsorption capacity increased with an increase in the amount of chitosan (TiO2/Chit 0.13) even though the specific surface area (SBET) was reduced. The results indicated that the adsorption on nanocomposite was influenced by the amount of -NH2 and -OH on the chitosan surface. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) and the observed reaction constant (kObs) for MO were also known to be higher than MB, which means that the TiO2-chitosan nanocomposites could remove anionic dye more than cationic one.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION ON THE ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF HEAVY METALS SOLUTION BY JAVA NATURAL CLAY, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Wawan Budianta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Test

The adsorption capacity of four clay samples (Boyolali-BYL, Sleman-SLM, Gunungkidul-GK, and Pacitan-PCT) from Java, Indonesia, for copper (Cu) lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) solution was investigated by using batch equilibrium test. The adsorption data were presented using an isotherm curve, and adjusted to the Langmuir equation model, which produced the maximum adsorption capacity of the clay samples. The physical, chemical, and mineralogical analysis showed that the BYL and PCT samples have higher montmorillonite content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and specific surface area (SSA) compared to SLM and GK clay samples. The batch equilibrium test revealed that the clay samples with higher montmorillonite content produced higher heavy metal adsorption capacity due to the higher cation exchange capacity (CEC), and specific surface area (SSA). The batch equilibrium test also show that the adsorption order for the metals cations followed the selectivity order Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Zn2+ >Cd2+. The Langmuir model resulted in the adsorption processes, offering maximum adsorption capacities from 196.08 to 769.23 mg/g for Cu, 217.39 to 416.67 mg/g for Pb, 106.38 to 114.94 mg/g for Zn and 104.17 to 113.24 mg/g for Cd of four clay samples studied. The highest adsorption capacity was achieved for the BYL sample. The lowest was the GK sample, in which the order of the maximum adsorption capacity of clay samples was BYL > PCT > SLM > GK sample. This research indicated that the proportion of montmorillonite content in the clay samples affected the maximum adsorption capacity of the heavy metal in the solution.

Study of the Porous Structure and High Adsorption Capacity of Biomass-Based Activated Carbon Prepared from Aspen Wood by Ferric Nitrate III Activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Chunjiang Jin ◽  
Huimin Chen ◽  
Luyuan Wang ◽  
Xingxing Cheng ◽  
Donghai An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Aspen Wood ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Wood Sawdust

In this study, aspen wood sawdust was used as the raw material, and Fe(NO3)3 and CO2 were used as activators. Activated carbon powder (ACP) was produced by the one-step physicochemical activation method in an open vacuum tube furnace. The effects of different mass ratios of Fe(NO3)3 and aspen wood sawdust on the pore structure of ACP were examined under single-variable experimental conditions. The mass ratio was 0–0.4. The detailed characteristics of ACP were examined by nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption capacity of ACP was established by simulating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using ethyl acetate. The results showed that ACP has a good nanostructure with a large pore volume, specific surface area, and surface functional groups. The pore volume and specific surface area of Fe-AC-0.3 were 0.26 cm3/g and 455.36 m2/g, respectively. The activator played an important role in the formation of the pore structure and morphology of ACP. When the mass ratio was 0–0.3, the porosity increased linearly, but when it was higher than 0.3, the porosity decreased. For example, the pore volume and specific surface area of Fe-AC-0.4 reached 0.24 cm3/g and 430.87 m2/g, respectively. ACP presented good VOC adsorption performance. The Fe-AC-0.3 sample, which contained the most micropore structures, presented the best adsorption capacity for ethyl acetate at 712.58 mg/g. Under the action of the specific reaction products nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxygen, the surface of modified ACP samples showed different rich C/O/N surface functional groups, including C-H, C=C, C=O, C-O-C, and C-N.

scholarly journals Hybrid Monolith of Graphene/TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofiber as Mechanically Robust, Highly Functional, and Recyclable Adsorbent of Methylene Blue Dye

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hussain ◽  
Jiebing Li ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
Yundan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Assembly Method

Herein we demonstrate first report on fabrication, characterization, and adsorptive appraisal of graphene/cellulose nanofibers (GO/CNFs) monolith for methylene blue (MB) dye. Series of hybrid monolith (GO/CNFs) were assembled via urea assisted self-assembly method. Hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric curve analysis, specific surface area, surface charge density measurement, and compressional mechanical analysis. It was proposed that strong chemical interaction (mainly hydrogen bonding) was responsible for the formation of hybrid assembly. GO/CNFs monolith showed mechanically robust architecture with tunable pore structure and surface properties. GO/CNFs adsorbent could completely remove trace to moderate concentrations of MB dye and follow pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Adsorption isotherm behaviors were found in the following order: Langmuir isotherm > Freundlich isotherm > Temkin isotherm model. Maximum adsorption capacity of 227.27 mg g−1 was achieved which is much higher than reported graphene based monoliths and magnetic adsorbent. Incorporation of nanocellulose follows exponential relationship with dye uptake capacities. High surface charge density and specific surface area were main dye adsorptive mechanism. Regeneration and recycling efficiency was achieved up to four consecutive cycles with cost-effective recollection and zero recontamination of treated water.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Ammonium Nitrogen from Aqueous Solution on Chemically Activated Biochar Prepared from Sorghum Distillers Grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derlin Hsu ◽  
Changyi Lu ◽  
Tairan Pang ◽  
Yuanpeng Wang ◽  
Guanhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Activated Biochar ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

Chemically activated biochars prepared from sorghum distillers grain using two base activators (NaOH and KOH) were investigated for their adsorption properties with respect to ammonium nitrogen from aqueous solution. Detailed characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), and specific surface area analyses, were carried out to offer a broad evaluation of the prepared biochars. The results showed that the NaOH- and KOH-activated biochars exhibited significantly enhanced adsorption capacity, by 2.93 and 4.74 times, respectively, in comparison with the pristine biochar. Although the NaOH-activated biochar possessed larger specific surface area (132.8 and 117.7 m2/g for the NaOH- and KOH-activated biochars, respectively), the KOH-activated biochar had higher adsorption capacity owing to its much higher content of functional groups. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the KOH-activated biochar at different temperatures were further studied. The biochar had a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.34 mg/g at 45 °C, which was satisfactory compared with other biochars prepared using different feedstocks. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and chemical adsorption was the rate-controlling step. The equilibrium data were consistent with the Freundlich isotherm, and the thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Consequently, this work demonstrates that chemically activated biochar from sorghum distillers grain is effective for ammonium nitrogen removal.

scholarly journals Effects of Wet Oxidation Process on Biochar Surface in Acid and Alkaline Soil Environments

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinya Fan ◽  
Liqiang Cui ◽  
Guixiang Quan ◽  
Sanfei Wang ◽  
Jianxiong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Alkaline Soil

Biochar has been studied for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils by many researchers. When in external conditions, biochar in soils ages, which can transform its structural properties and adsorption capacity. This study was conducted with two oxidation processes, HNO3/H2SO4 and NaOH/H2O2, to simulate the effects of biochar in acid and alkaline soil conditions. The results show that the oxygen-containing functional groups increased in aged biochar, which led to improve the ratio of oxygen and carbon (O/C). Nitro functional groups were found in the acid-oxidation treated biochar. Destroyed ditches and scars were observed on the surface of aged biochar and resulted in growth in their specific surface area and porosity. Specific surface area increased by 21.1%, 164.9%, and 63.0% for reed-derived biochar treated with water washing, acid oxidation, and basic oxidation, respectively. Greater peaks in the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results were found in C–O and O–H on the surface of field-aged biochar. Meanwhile, mappings of energy-dispersive spectroscopy showed that biochar aged in soil was abundant in minerals such as silicon, iron, aluminum, and magnesium. In summary, biochar subjected to wet oxidation aging had an increased capacity to immobilize Cd compared to unaged biochar, and the adsorption capacity of oxidized biochar increased by 28.4% and 13.15% compared to unaged biochar due to improvements in porosity and an increase in functional groups.

Using Activated Diatomite as Adsorbent for Treatment of Arsenic Contaminated Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Hoc Thang Nguyen ◽  
Phong Thanh Dang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Room Condition ◽  
Main Chemical Composition ◽  
Adsorbent Capacity

Diatomite or diatomaceous earth (DE) is one of materials which can be used as an adsorbent to treat heavy metal ions from waste water, even there are many factories used it to clean the water for drinking. However, natural DE (raw DE) has very low adsorption capacity because of low specific surface area. In this work, natural DE from Lam Dong province, Viet Nam was demagnetized to remove iron and activated by HCl solution for 90 minutes with concentration of 10% at room condition. Adsorbent capacity was evaluated using As solution and the results show that the activated diatomite has adsorption capacity three times higher than that of raw DE, and the specific surface area of activated diatomite was increased 47.5% with the main chemical composition of 90.8% SiO2 and high porosity

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