Eco-Friendly and Cost-Effective Design of Concrete Pavement Using Used Foundry Sand and Tiles Dust

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ahmed ◽  
S.M.Z. Islam ◽  
Md.T. Hossen ◽  
H. Ahmed ◽  
M.R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
River Erosion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pavement Thickness

Concrete is the most undisputable material being used in infrastructure development throughout the world. Natural sand is a prime material used for the preparation of concrete. Nowadays river erosion and other environmental issues have led to the scarcity of river sand. The reduction in the sources of natural sand and in the cost of concrete production has resulted in the increased need to find new alternative materials to replace river sand, so that excess river erosion is prevented and high strength concrete is obtained at lower cost. The aim of the study is to minimizes the cost and achieve sustainable development of concrete pavement. Cement, sand and aggregate are basic needs but the new alternative materials that is used foundry sand which is generated by metal casting industry and in the tiles industry, about 15%-30% production goes as waste, these are partially replaced by river sand. The fine aggregate has been replaced by used foundry sand accordingly in the range of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% & 50% by weight and also same for tiles dust for M-20 grade concrete. Concrete mixtures are produced to make (6 in × 6 in × 6 in) cube for compressive strength test at 7, 14, 28 days and (4 in × 4 in × 20 in) beam for flexural strength test at 28 days curing period, tested and compared in terms of compressive and flexural strength with the conventional concrete. Maximum compressive and flexural strength are found for 20% replacement of used foundry sand (FA2) and for 10% replacement of tiles dust (TA1) with respect to the conventional concrete (A0). By using alternative materials, the strength of concrete was increased significantly and for showing cost effectiveness a concrete pavement from Talaimari MOR to Kalpona Cinema Hall was designed for 4500 commercial vehicles per day. The pavement thickness required for conventional concrete is 28 cm whereas the pavement thickness required for concrete FA2 and TA1 are 22 cm and 24 cm respectively. Since the thickness of pavement slab is reduced, the cost of pavement construction is reduced almost 22% and 15% for concrete FA2 and concrete TA1 respectively.

scholarly journals Developing a Higher Performance and Less Thickness Concrete Pavement: Using a Nonconventional Concrete Mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fady M. A. Hassouna ◽  
Yeon Woo Jung
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pavement Thickness ◽  
Cementing Material

During the last three decades, concrete pavement or rigid pavement became a widely used alternative of flexible pavement (asphalt pavement) at freeways and highways with high traffic of heavy vehicles, due to its durability, long life, and less need of maintenance; however, the cost of construction for rigid pavement is very high compared to asphalt pavement. Developing a new concrete mixture to increase the performance and reducing the required thickness of concrete pavement became an important issue in rigid pavement design in order to reduce the high construction cost. In this study, a new concrete mixture was developed using specific amounts of steel fibers and steel slag (as a supplementary cementing material to replace a part of the cement). Several mixtures with different concentrations of fibers were prepared, and samples were tested for workability, early flexural strength, and ultimate flexural strength. The results showed that the new concrete mixture could achieve an increase in flexural strength between 48.9% and 50.5% compared to normal concrete mixture without steel fibers and steel slag, with minimum acceptable workability, and therefore, the required pavement thickness could be decreased by more than 24%.

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional Concrete and Replacement of River Sand by Waste Foundry Sand and Cement by Nano-Silica

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete in which like cement is partially replacing by used nano silica and is partially replacing by used waste foundry sand. Because now a day the world wide consumption of sand as cement and as fine aggregate in concrete production is very high. Nano silica and waste foundry sand are major by product of casting industry and create land pollution. The cement will be replaced with nano silica and the river sand will be replaced with waste foundry sand (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). This experimental investigation was done and found out that with the increase in the nano silica and waste foundry sand ratio. Compression test has been done to find out the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7, 14, 21, and 28. Test result indicates in increasing compressive strength of plain concrete by inclusion of nano silica as a partial replacement of cement and waste foundry sand as a partial replacement of fine aggregate.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF QUARRY DUST WITH CEMENT BY-PRODUCTS ON PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaharatul Dini Karen Lee Abdullah ◽  
Nazri Ali ◽  
Roslli Noor Mohamed ◽  
Mohammed Mu’azu Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Concrete Durability ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Green Concrete ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Mineral Additions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Quarry Dust

The numerous demanding application of concrete is not readily met with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) alone. To meet up the demand and as well as ensured the green concrete durability, it has becomes necessary to incorporate mineral additions with the best combination of others by-product as replacement to improve the performance without jeopardizing the strength of the concrete. In the construction industry, OPC cement and river sand are used as important building material making it scarce and limited. Whereas, as for the cement is well known as the biggest culprits for emitting carbon dioxide (CO2). Hence, partial replacement of cement becomes a necessity as well as natural sand in concrete by waste material or by-product without compromising the quality of the end product. Partial replacement with Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (PFA), Silica Fumes (SILICA) incorporates with 100% of Quarry Dust (QD) as sand replacement. The usage of 100% QD with OPC+PFA+SILICA (Mix 2) produced more durable concrete with good temperature control and better furnishing than with 100% river. In addition to the cost effect benefit, the reduction in depletion of river sand, addressing environment and sustainability issues, it is a valuable contribution in creating a green concrete.

scholarly journals Strength Analysis of Concrete Containing Crushed Rock Particles AS Partial and Total Replacement of Sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8092-8099
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Crushed Rock ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Compressive Strength Test

In recent past, the demand for natural river sand has rapidly increased for constructional purposes. This high demand led to extraction of sand from river beds. Depletion of natural sand creates the environmental issues and hence sand excavating is restricted by government which resulted in shortage and substantial increase in its cost. In this context, there is a need to recognize reasonable elective material from mechanical waste instead of stream sand. The usage of squashed shake sand which is a waste material has been acknowledged as building material in numerous nations for as long as three decades. In this paper, attempt is being made to replace natural river sand partially and completely with stone dust. The cube compressive strength test and split tensile tests were conducted. Experimental investigations have revealed that the mechanical properties of concrete using stone dust are almost similar to the conventional concrete. Hence the detrimental effects on environment caused due to excessive mining of river sand can be minimized.

Developing Porous Concrete Interlocking Pavement Blocks Utilizing Recycled Concrete Aggregate for Rainfall Harvesting Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Mahdi Mahdi ◽  
Raad Irzooki ◽  
Mazin Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Porous Concrete ◽  
Porous Pavement

Rainwater harvesting and flood prevention in cities are significant urban hydrological concerns. The use of porous pavement is one of the most effective solutions to handle this matter. Thus, this study aims to develop Porous Interlocking Concrete Pavement (PICP) using recycled aggregate from concrete waste. This porous pavement, then later, can be utilized in low traffic areas and parking lots to harvest water by infiltration and reduce surface runoff. First, the physical properties of the porous concrete blocks, such as density (unit weight), absorption, coefficient of permeability, and porosity, were studied. Also, the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures like compressive strength and flexural strength were tested. This study used two types of PICP, the first one with ordinary coarse aggregate (P1) and the second with recycled crushed concrete coarse aggregate (P2), and then compared their performance to the conventional concrete pavement blocks used the two types of coarse aggregate (R1 and R2). The results show that the unit weight (density) of porous types was reduced by 25% and 26%, and the total porosity increases by around 2.4 times and 18 times respectively, as compared to conventional concrete pavement types. However, the compressive strength and flexural strength of porous concrete types decreased by (55% and 71%), respectively, compared to conventional types. Overall, the infiltration test results showed that the infiltrated water through porous concrete increased by about 83% in comparison to conventional concrete. From the results, utilizing porous concrete pavement can be considered a promising material in terms of water harvesting and decreasing rainwater flooding. Additionally, using recycled concrete can bring economical and environmental benefits.

scholarly journals Strength of M25 and M60 Grade Concrete with Used Foundry Sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4741-4745
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Abstract: Used or Waste Foundry Sand can be utilized as an alternative for fine aggregate in conventional concrete. WFS or UFS can be used in large volume by partially replacing sand in construction industries. Here the strength properties of M25 and M60 grade concrete replaced by WFS by 0,10,20,30,40 and 50 percent w/w of fine aggregate is evaluated by measuring compression, split tensile and flexural strength at 7 days and 14 days.

scholarly journals Sustainable Materials -Quarry Waste and Waste Plastic as Fine Aggregate for Improving Elastic Properties of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1442-1451
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Quarry Fines ◽  
Ldpe Composites ◽  
Quarry Dust

The present paper focuses on the effective utilization of byproduct of stone mines and waste plastic causing harm to the environment. It signifies sustainable utilization of quarry dust to their full potential to meet the needs of the present, while at the same time conserving natural resources and finding ways to minimise the environmental impacts associated both with quarry fines production. Mathematical modeling for interpreting modulus of elasticity of concrete mixes using ordinary river sand and compared with 0, 25%,50%,75%, 100% replacement with quarry dust in combination with waste plastic in fabriform is discussed. The addition of fine quarry dust with ldpe as waste plastic in concrete resulted in improved matrix densification compared to conventional concrete as well as . Matrix densification has been studied qualitatively through petro graphical examination using digital optical microscopy. The structure was evaluated using SEM in quarry dust and ldpe composites. It is observed that the modulus of elasticity values found to be maximum for 50% replacement of natural sand by quarry dust and waste plastic. The effects of quarry dust on the elastic modulus property were found to be consistent with conventional natural sand.

scholarly journals Shrinkage Study and Strength Aspects of Concrete with Foundry Sand and Coconut Shell as a Partial Replacement for Coarse and Fine Aggregate

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7420
Author(s):  
Kalyana Chakravarthy Polichetty Raja ◽  
Ilango Thaniarasu ◽  
Mohamed Abdelghany Elkotb ◽  
Khalid Ansari ◽  
C Ahamed Saleel
Keyword(s):  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Current Observation ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
Natural Aggregates

The demand for natural aggregates (river sand) is increasing day by day, leading to the destruction of the environment, a burden that will be passed on to young people. Further, wastes from various industries are being dumped in landfills, which poses serious environmental problems. In order to ensure sustainability, both the issues mentioned above can be solved by utilizing industrial waste as aggregate replacement in the concrete construction industry. This research is done to find out the results using two substances viz., waste foundry sand (WFS) and coconut shell (CS) substitute for river sand and coarse aggregate. Many researchers have found the maximum benefits of substituted substances used in cement, which has material consistency. This current observation explores these strong waste properties of waste-infused concrete and cement, which experience shrinkage from drying out. The replacement levels for waste foundry sand were varied, between 10%, 20%, and 30%, and for CS, it was 10% and 20%. The experimental outcomes are evident for the strength, which increases by using WFS, whereas the strength decreases by increasing the CS level. The concrete that experiences shrinkage from drying out is included in the waste material, showing a higher magnitude of drying shrinkage than conventional concrete.

scholarly journals Utilisation of Foundry Sand in Concrete - A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Sangavi D ◽  
Angu Senthil K
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Disposal Problem

A Rise in urbanization and industrialization has led to over utilization of natural river sand, which affects environmental sustainability. Nowadays, due to the massive demand of river sand, M-sand has been replaced effectively and being used in the construction industry. Although M-Sand is desirably used, it can lead to more water and cement requirement to achieve the expected workability which in turn increases the cost of construction. Thus as an alternative solution, industrial by-product like waste foundry sand can be used. When sand can no-longer be reused in the foundry, it is known as waste foundry sand. As it is discarded in a landfill, it tends to pose several environmental impacts. In order to reduce the disposal problem, waste foundry sand is reused in engineering applications. In this paper, various strength and durability properties have been studied, and an overview of some of the research works on the utilization of waste foundry sand in concrete were given. Fine aggregate is replaced with different proportions of waste foundry sand (0-100%). From the results obtained, the optimum % replacement of foundry sand is found to be in the range of 20% to 40% based on the grade of concrete.

Seashells and Oyster Shells: Biobased Fine Aggregates in Concrete Mixtures

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Scuderi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Mixing Water

The construction industry is the largest global consumer of materials, among which sand plays a fundamental role; now the second most used natural resource behind water, sand is the primary component in concrete. However, natural sand production is a slow process and sand is now consumed at a faster pace than it’s replenished. One way to reduce consumption of sand is to use alternative materials in the concrete industry. This paper reports the exploratory study on the suitability of aquaculture byproducts as fine aggregates in concrete mixtures. Seashell grit, seashell flour and oyster flour were used as sand replacements in concrete mixtures (10%, 30% and 50% substitution rates). All the mixtures were characterized in fresh and hardened states (workability, air content, compressive strength and water absorption). Based on compressive strength, measured at 7 and 28 days, seashell grit provided the most promising results: the compressive strength was found to be larger than for conventional concrete. Moreover, the compressive strength of the cubes was larger, when larger percentages of seashell grit were used, with the highest value obtained for 50% substitution. However, for oyster flour and seashell flour, only 10% sand substitution provided results comparable with the control mixture. For the three aggregates, workability of concrete decreases with fineness modulus decrease. For mixtures in which shell and oyster flour were used with 30% and 50% substitution percentages, it was necessary to increase the quantity of mixing water to allow a minimal workability. In conclusion, considering the promising results of the seashell grit, it is suggested to study further the characteristic of the material, also considering its environmental and physical properties, including acoustic and thermal performances. Higher substitution percentages should also be investigated. This research adds to the relevant literature in matter of biobased concrete, aiming at finding new biobased sustainable alternatives in the concrete industry.

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