Synthesis and Characterization of Bioactive Sodium Titanate Nanotube by Alkali Hydrothermal Treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 1277-1280
Author(s):  
Yun Jong Kim ◽  
Sang Bae Kim ◽  
Keon Joon Cho ◽  
Taik Nam Kim ◽  
S.B. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Titanate Nanotube ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Biocompatibility Test ◽  
Sodium Titanate Nanotube

In the present work, surface treatment of surgical implant Titanium alloy with micro bioactive nanotube was experimented. Surface treatment of Ti-6Al-4V bio-implant carried out by giving alkali hydrothermal and heat treatment. The specimens were treated in 1M NaOH at 100, 150, 200°C for different holding time of 2 hr, 4 hr, 6hr, 12 hr, 24hr & 48 hr. The hydrogel layer generated during the alkali treatment was crystallized to sodium titanate (Na2Ti6O13) and resulted into the formation of nano sized tubes on heat treatment. X-ray Diffractrometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed the different phases and surface morphology of these nanorods. The biocompatibility test done using Simulate Body Fluid (SBF) showed that the Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was well formed at the sodium titanate nanotube layer generated on the Ti-6Al-4V specimen. The best condition for this increase in surface biocompatibility was optimized to 6 hours hydrothermal treatment under 200°C using 1 M NaOH followed by 1 hour heat treatment at 600°C.

scholarly journals Morphological and Structural Studies of Titanate and Titania Nanostructured Materials Obtained after Heat Treatments of Hydrothermally Produced Layered Titanate

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Hasmizam Razali ◽  
Ahmad-Fauzi Mohd Noor ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohamed ◽  
Srimala Sreekantan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Titanate Nanotubes ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrogen Titanate

Different types of titanate and titania nanostructured materials have been successfully synthesised and characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and raman spectroscopy. Elemental analysis was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyzer while thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) was used to determine thermal stability. In this study, we found that nanotubes were formed during the washing treatment stage with HCl and distilled water. When the pH of the washing solution was 12, sodium titanate nanotubes were obtained, while when the pH of the washing solution was 7, hydrogen titanate nanotubes were obtained. Sodium titanate nanotubes were thermally stable up to 500°C; however, at 700°C, the nanotubes structure transform to solid nanorods. Meanwhile, hydrogen titanate nanotubes decomposed to produce titania nanotubes after heat treatment at 300°C for 2 hours. At 500°C, the tubular structure broke to small segments due to destruction of the nanotube. Further heat treatment at 700°C, led to the destruction and collapse of the nanotubes structure produce titania nanoparticles.

Synthesis of Nanotubular Titanate from Titanium Using Hydrothermal Treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 317-318 ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kubo ◽  
W. Kato ◽  
Yuki Yamasaki ◽  
Atsushi Nakahira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the synthesis of nanotubular titanate was attempted though heat-treatment in an oil bath (non-hydrothermal treatment), heat-treatment with stirring in an oil bath (non-hydrothermal treatment), or hydrothermal treatment for metal Ti in NaOH aqueous solution systems. Obtained products were characterized by various methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD results suggested that products obtained by both hydrothermal treatment and heat-treatment in an oil bath with and without stirring could be identified as H2Ti4O9H2O. From TEM observations, however, various morphologies for products obtained by these treatments were confirmed. Therefore, it was considered that morphologies of these products strongly depended on synthesis conditions.

The orientation relationships of nanobelt-like Si2Hf precipitates in an Al–Si–Mg–Hf alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1223-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Wang ◽  
Huilan Huang ◽  
Xinfu Gu ◽  
Yanjun Li ◽  
Zhihong Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Coincident Site Lattice ◽  
Orthorhombic Structure ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Lattice Distribution ◽  
Site Lattice ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Habit Planes ◽  
Al Matrix

The orientation relationships (ORs) between the Al matrix and Si2Hf precipitates with an orthorhombic structure in an Al–Si–Mg–Hf alloy after heat treatment at 833 K for 20 h were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Four ORs are identified as (100)Al||(010)p, (0\overline {1}1)Al||(101)pand [011]Al||[\overline {1}01]p; (11\overline {1})Al||(010)pand [011]Al||[\overline {1}01]p; (12\overline {1})Al||(010)p, (101)Al||(100)pand [1\overline {11}]Al||[001]p; (\overline {11}1)Al||(010)pand [112]Al||[\overline {1}01]p. The habit planes of these four ORs are rationalized by the fraction of good atomic matching sites at the interface. In addition, the formation of Si2Hf precipitates with a nanobelt-like morphology is interpreted on the basis of the near-coincident site lattice distribution.

Photoelectrochemical Properties of Alkali-treated Sodium Titanate Nanorods

2015 ◽  
Vol 1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingu Kim ◽  
Gwanghyo Choi ◽  
Daeheung Yoo ◽  
Kwangmin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Properties ◽  
Gap Energy

ABSTRACTThe band gap energy of the TiO2 photocatalytic is high at 3.2 eV. Ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation (<388nm) is required for the photocatalytic application. The lowering the band gap energy of TiO2 and enlarging light absorbing area are effective ways to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the morphology and crystal structure of nanosized TiO2 considerably influences its photocatalytic behavior.In this study, sodium titanate nanorods were formed using an alkali-treatment and were heat treated at different temperatures. The photoelectrochemical properties of sodium titanate nanorods was measured as a function of heat treatment temperature. The nanorods were prepared on the surface of Ti disk with a diameter of 15mm and a thickness of 3mm. Ti disk was immersed in 5 M NaOH aqueous solution at a temperature of 60 °C for 24 h. Morphology of sodium titanate nanorods was observed using FE-SEM. Crystal structure of sodium titanate nanorods was analyzed using X-ray diffractometer. Photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate photoelectrochemical properties of sodium titanate nanorods. The thin amorphous sodium titanate layer was formed during alkali-treatment. The sodium titanate layer was changed to nanorods after heat treatment at a temperature of 700 °C. The thickness and length of sodium titanate nanorods obtained at 700 °C were around 100 nm and 1μm, respectively. The crystal structure of sodium titanate was identified with Na2Ti6O13. Above 900 °C, the morphology of nanorods changed to agglomerated shape and the thickness of nanorods increased to 1 μm. The lowest value of PL was obtained at a temperature of 700 °C, while nonalkali treated specimen showed the highest value of PL. EIS revealed that polarization resistance at interface between sodium titanate nanorods and electrolyte was increased with increasing heat treatment temperature.

Study of Corrosion Behavior of Conventional and Nanostructured WC-Co HVOF Sprayed Coats

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Khameneh Asl ◽  
Mohammad Reza Saghi Beyragh ◽  
Mahdi Ghassemi Kakroudi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hvof Spray ◽  
Wear And Corrosion Resistance

Interest in nanomaterials has increased in recent years. This is due to the potential of size reduction to nanometric scale to provide properties of materials such as hardness, toughness, wear, and corrosion resistance. The current study is focused on WC-Co cermet coats, materials that are extensively used in applications requiring wear resistance. In this work, WC-17Co powder was thermally sprayed onto mild steel using High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) spray technique. The nanostructured specimen was produced from sprayed sample by heat-treating at 1100°C in a vacuum chamber. Their structures were studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were performed on the both types of coated samples in 3.5% NaCl solution. The amorphous phase in WC-17Co coating was transformed to crystalline phases by heat treatment at high temperatures. The heat treatment of these coatings at high temperature also resulted in partially dissolution of WC particles and formation of new crystalline phases. Generation of these phases produced the nanostructured coating with better mechanical properties. Comparative electro chemical test results showed that, the heat treatment could improve corrosion resistance of the nanostructured WC-17Co coat than the as sprayed coats.

Evolution of Crystalline Phase and Morphology of the Products Formed during the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Y2O3 Powders

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 1275-1279
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Gao Yang Zhao ◽  
Li Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Yttrium Nitrate ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

The crystalline phase and morphology of the products formed during the synthesis of yttrium oxide via the hydrothermal treatment yttrium nitrate were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Products with high OH/NO3ratios are formed with the increasing of hydrothermal treatment. The crystalline phases are evolved from Y2(OH)5.14(NO3)0.86•H2O toY4O(OH)9(NO3) and finally Y(OH)3. The hydrothermal reaction conditions play an important role in the synthesis of the microstructures. Results show the particle size and final morphology of samples could be controlled by reaction temperature, reaction time, and OH-concentration. Sheets, hexagonal and needle-like Y2O3powders are obtained with the hydrothermal treatment of yittrium nitrate at 180 oC to 200oC for 2-8 hours at pH 9-13.

Microstructural Studies of High Coercivity Nd15Fe77B8 Sintered Magnets

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Ghandehari ◽  
J. Fidler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Boundary Phase ◽  
High Coercivity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microstructural Studies ◽  
Domain Reversal

ABSTRACTMicrostructures of Nd15−xDyxFe77B8 prepared by alloying with Dy, and by using Dy2O3 as a sinl'ken adidive, have been determined using electron microprobe and transmission electron microscopy. The results have shown a higher Dy concentration near the grain boundaries of the 2–14–1 phase for magnets doped with Dy2O 3, as compared to the Dy-alloyed magnets. A two-step post sintering heat treatment was also studied for the two systems. The resultant concentration gradient of Dy in the 2–14–1 phase of the oxide-doped magnets is explained by the reaction of Dy2O3 with the Nd-rich grain boundary phase and its slow diffusion into thg 4–14–1 phase. Increased Dy concentration near the grain boundary is more effective in improving the coercivity, as domain reversal nucleation originates at or near this region.

Transmission electron microscopy of misfit dislocation and strain relaxation in lattice mismatched III-V heterostructures versus substrate surface treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wang ◽  
P. Ruterana ◽  
L. Desplanque ◽  
S. El Kazzi ◽  
X. Wallart
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Strain Relaxation ◽  
Dislocation Core ◽  
Misfit Dislocations ◽  
Heteroepitaxial Growth ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Growth Initiation

ABSTRACTHigh resolution transmission electron microscopy in combination with geometric phase analysis is used to investigate the interface misfit dislocations, strain relaxation, and dislocation core behavior versus the surface treatment of the GaAs for the heteroepitaxial growth of GaSb. It is pointed out that Sb-rich growth initiation promotes the formation of a high quality network of Lomer misfit dislocations that are more efficient for strain relaxation.

The effect of grain size on microstructure and stress relaxation in polycrystalline Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Shaw ◽  
S. L. Shinde ◽  
D. Dimos ◽  
R. F. Cook ◽  
P. R. Duncombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Hierarchical Arrangement ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Processing Variables

We have used transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy to examine the effect that grain size and heat treatment have on twinning and microcracking in polycrystalline Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ. It is shown that isothermal oxygenation heat treatments produce twin structures consisting of parallel twins, with a characteristic spacing that increases with increasing grain size. Slow cooling through the temperature range where the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transformation induces twinning, however, produces a structure consisting of a hierarchical arrangement of intersecting twins, the scale of which appears to be independent of grain size. It is also shown that the microcracking induced by anisotropic changes in grain dimensions on cooling or during oxygenation can be suppressed if the grain size of the material is kept below about 1 μm. The results are examined in the light of current models for transformation twinning and microcracking and the models used to access the effect other processing variables such as oxygen content, doping or heat treatment may have on the microstructure of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ.

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