Bone Ingrowth Processes on Porous Metalic Implants

2009 ◽  
Vol 147-149 ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Sidun ◽  
Jan Ryszard Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Osseous Tissue ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Growth Intensity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endosseous Implant

The surface of an endosseous implant has fundamental importance in forming mechanical and chemical connection with osseous tissue. One of the methods of enlarging area is using technology of powder metallurgy. The paper presents research regarding osteointegration of porous materials for implants made for Co-Cr-Mo and titanium with Bioglass type-S2. The research was made on the castrated goats averaging one year of age, from this oneself herds. Bone growth process on surfaces of implants made with additional bioglass was significantly intense. The amount of osseous tissue and the number of connection points are significantly increased. On surfaces of titanium implants few areas of stochastic callus formation were observed. In that case areas of preferential bone integration have uneven surface due to technological process. A significant difference appears in osseous tissue growth morphology on implant surface. In porous implants bone grows around the pores of an implant. The obtained results showed that porosity influences callus growth intensity beneficially on the implant structure. Use of bioglass increases bone growth intensity on implant surface.

Calcium Phosphate-Coated Titanium Implants in the Mandible: Limitations of the in vivo Minipig Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Till Kämmerer ◽  
Tony Lesmeister ◽  
Victor Palarie ◽  
Eik Schiegnitz ◽  
Andrea Schröter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Press Fit ◽  
Endosseous Implant ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact

Introduction: We aimed to compare implant osseointegration with calcium phosphate (CaP) surfaces and rough subtractive-treated sandblasted/acid etched surfaces (SA) in an in vivo minipig mandible model. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 cylindrical press-fit implants with two different surfaces (CaP, n = 18; SA, n = 18) were inserted bilaterally into the mandible of 9 adult female minipigs. After 2, 4, and 8 weeks, we analyzed the cortical bone-to-implant contact (cBIC; %) and area coverage of bone-to-implant contact within representative bone chambers (aBIC; %). Results: After 2 weeks, CaP implants showed no significant increase in cBIC and aBIC compared to SA (cBIC: mean 38 ± 5 vs. 16 ± 11%; aBIC: mean 21 ± 1 vs. 6 ± 9%). Two CaP implants failed to achieve osseointegration. After 4 weeks, no statistical difference between CaP and SA was seen for cBIC (mean 54 ± 15 vs. 43 ± 16%) and aBIC (mean 43 ± 28 vs. 32 ± 6). However, we excluded two implants in each group due to failure of osseointegration. After 8 weeks, we observed no significant intergroup differences (cBIC: 18 ± 9 vs. 18 ± 20%; aBIC: 13 ± 8 vs. 16 ± 9%). Again, three CaP implants and two SA implants had to be excluded due to failure of osseointegration. Conclusion: Due to multiple implant losses, we cannot recommend the oral mandibular minipig in vivo model for future endosseous implant research. Considering the higher rate of osseointegration failure, CaP coatings may provide an alternative to common subtractive implant surface modifications in the early phase post-insertion.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Bone Ingrowth into a Porous Titanium Structure to Improve Osseointegration of Dental Implants: A Pilot Study in the Canine Model

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Youn Hong ◽  
Seok-Yeong Ko ◽  
Wonsik Lee ◽  
Yun-Young Chang ◽  
Su-Hwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Titanium Structure

A porous titanium structure was suggested to improve implant stability in the early healing period or in poor bone quality. This study investigated the effect of a porous structure on the osseointegration of dental implants. A total of 28 implants (14 implants in each group) were placed in the posterior mandibles of four beagle dogs at 3 months after extraction. The control group included machined surface implants with an external implant–abutment connection, whereas test group implants had a porous titanium structure added to the apical portion. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA); removal torque values (RTV); and surface topographic and histometric parameters including bone-to-implant contact length and ratio, inter-thread bone area and ratio in total, and the coronal and apical parts of the implants were measured after 4 weeks of healing. RTV showed a significant difference between the groups after 4 weeks of healing (p = 0.032), whereas no difference was observed in RFA. In the test group, surface topography showed bone tissue integrated into the porous structures. In the apical part of the test group, all the histometric parameters exhibited significant increases compared to the control group. Within the limitations of this study, enhanced bone growth into the porous structure was achieved, which consequently improved osseointegration of the implant.

scholarly journals Accentuated osseointegration in osteogenic nanofibrous coated titanium implants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Das ◽  
Kanchan Dholam ◽  
Sandeep Gurav ◽  
Kiran Bendale ◽  
Arvind Ingle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Osseous Tissue ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Endosseous Implant ◽  
Gross Examination

AbstractAnchoring of endosseous implant through osseointegration continues to be an important clinical need. Here, we describe the development of superior endosseous implant demonstrating enhance osseointegration, achieved through surface modification via coating of osteogenic nanofibres. The randomized bio-composite osteogenic nanofibres incorporating polycaprolactone, gelatin, hydroxyapatite, dexamethasone, beta-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid were electrospun on titanium implants mimicking bone extracellular matrix and subsequently induced osteogenesis by targeting undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells present in the peri-implant niche to regenerate osseous tissue. In proof-of-concept experiment on rabbit study models (n = 6), micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), histomorphometric analysis and biomechanical testing in relation to our novel osteogenic nanofibrous coated implants showed improved results when compared to uncoated controls. Further, no pathological changes were detected during gross examination and necropsy on peri-implant osseous tissues regenerated in response to such coated implants. The findings of the present study confirm that osteogenic nanofibrous coating significantly increases the magnitude of osteogenesis in the peri-implant zone and favours the dynamics of osseointegration.

Stress and Strain Analysis of the Bone-Implant Interface: A Comparison of Fiber-Reinforced Composite and Titanium Implants Utilizing 3-Dimensional Finite Element Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akikazu Shinya ◽  
Ahmed M Ballo ◽  
Lippo V. J Lassila ◽  
Akiyoshi Shinya ◽  
Timo O Närhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Implant Materials ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element

This study analyzed stress and strain mediated by 2 different implant materials, titanium (Ti) and experimental fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), on the implant and on the bone tissue surrounding the implant. Three-dimensional finite element models constructed from a mandibular bone and an implant were subjected to a load of 50 N in vertical and horizontal directions. Postprocessing files allowed the calculation of stress and strain within the implant materials and stresses at the bone-to-implant interface (stress path). Maximum stress concentrations were located around the implant on the rim of the cortical bone in both implant materials; Ti and overall stresses decreased toward the Ti implant apex. In the FRC implant, a stress value of 0.6 to 2.0 MPa was detected not only on the screw threads but also on the implant surface between the threads. Clear differences were observed in the strain distribution between the materials. Based on the results, the vertical load stress range of the FRC implant was close to the stress level for optimal bone growth. Furthermore, the stress at the bone around the FRC implant was more evenly distributed than that with Ti implant.

scholarly journals QCM Analysis for Two-Step Adsorption of Albumin and Fibronectin on Zirconia Surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Hirota ◽  
Tohru Hayakawa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Adsorption ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Living Body ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Significant Difference

The adsorption of proteins on the dental implant surface is the first step in the key role of osseointegration. Many types of proteins exist in the living body and compete for adsorption on the material surface. As an implant material, partially stabilized zirconia (ZrO2) is currently an attractive alternative to titanium to overcome the shortcomings of titanium implants. In this study, we investigated the two-step adsorption of fibronectin (Fn) and bovine serum albumin (Alb) on the ZrO2 surface using a 27-MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method. A ZrO2 sensor was employed for the QCM measurements. Two-step adsorptions were performed as follows. (1) Fn-Alb series: first, the Fn solution was injected into the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution, followed by the Alb solution. (2) Alb-Fn series: first, the Alb solution was injected, followed by the Fn solution. The decrease in frequency was monitored for 60 minutes after each protein injection. The adsorbed amounts of Fn or Alb were calculated by observing the decrease in frequency, and the apparent reaction rate, kobs, was obtained through the curve fitting of frequency shift against the adsorption time. No significant difference was observed in the adsorbed amounts of Fn and Alb between the Fn-Alb and Alb-Fn series ( P > 0.05 ). The kobs, rate of protein adsorption, in the second step was significantly slower than that in the first step for both Fn and Alb adsorption ( P < 0.05 ). There was no clear correlation between the amount of protein adsorbed on the ZrO2 sensor and the surface topography. It was concluded that the amount of protein adsorbed on the ZrO2 surface was not influenced by the two-step adsorption series, but the adsorption rate of proteins in the second step was affected by the first-step protein adsorption.

scholarly journals 3D printed Ti6Al4V bone scaffolds with different pore structure effects on bone ingrowth

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyuan Deng ◽  
Linlin Liu ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
Juncai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Bone Scaffolds

AbstractThe microstructure of porous scaffolds plays a vital role in bone regeneration, but its optimal shape is still unclear. In this study, four kinds of porous titanium alloy scaffolds with similar porosities (65%) and pore sizes (650 μm) and different structures were prepared by selective laser melting. Four scaffolds were implanted into the distal femur of rabbits to evaluate bone tissue growth in vivo. Micro-CT and hard tissue section analyses were performed 6 and 12 weeks after the operation to reveal the bone growth of the porous scaffold. The results show that diamond lattice unit (DIA) bone growth is the best of the four topological scaffolds. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, the permeability, velocity and flow trajectory inside the scaffold structure were calculated. The internal fluid velocity difference of the DIA structure is the smallest, and the trajectory of fluid flow inside the scaffold is the longest, which is beneficial for blood vessel growth, nutrient transport and bone formation. In this study, the mechanism of bone growth in different structures was revealed by in vivo experiments combined with CFD, providing a new theoretical basis for the design of bone scaffolds in the future.

scholarly journals 3d Printed Ti6al4v Bone Scaffolds With Different Pore Structure Effects on Bone Ingrowth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyuan Deng ◽  
Linlin Liu ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
Juncai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Bone Scaffolds

Abstract The pore size, pore structure and porosity of porous scaffold play a vital role in bone regeneration, but its optimal shape is still unclear. In this study four kinds of porous titanium alloy scaffolds with similar porosity (65%) and pore size (650µm) and different structures were prepared by selective laser melting. Four scaffolds were implanted into the distal femur of rabbits to evaluate their bone tissue growth in vivo. Micro-CT and hard tissue sections were performed 6 and 12 weeks after the operation to reveal the bone growth of the porous scaffold. The results show that diamond lattice unit (DIA) bone growth is the best in four topological scaffolds. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, the permeability, velocity and flow trajectory inside the scaffold structure were calculated. The internal fluid velocity difference of the DIA structure is the smallest, and the trajectory of fluid flow inside the scaffold is the longest. It is beneficial to the growth of blood vessels and the transport of nutrients, and can promote bone formation. In this study, the mechanism of bone growth in different structures was revealed by the method of in vivo experiment combined with CFD, providing a new theoretical basis for the design of bone scaffolds in the future.

scholarly journals Short-term immunosuppressive therapy does not affect the density of the pre-existing bone around titanium implants placed in rabbits

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana Mendes Duarte ◽  
Getúlio Rocha Nogueira Filho ◽  
Enilson Antônio Sallum ◽  
Antonio Wilson Sallum ◽  
Francisco Humberto Nociti Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wide Zone ◽  
Lateral Area

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the administration and withdrawal of cyclosporin A/nifedipine on the bone density in a lateral area adjacent to implants placed in rabbits. Two screw-type titanium implants were placed bilaterally in twenty-eight New Zealand rabbits. The animals were assigned to one of the following groups and received daily subcutaneous injections for 14 days: Groups A and C: vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide); Groups B and D: CsA (10 mg/kg) plus nifedipine (50 mg/kg). The animals in Groups A and B were sacrificed 14 days postoperatively and, in Groups C and D, 42 days postoperatively. After sacrifice, the tibiae were removed and undecalcified sections were obtained. Bone density was obtained in a 500 mm-wide zone lateral to the implant surface. Intergroup analysis showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the degree of bone density between control and test groups either on day 14 or on day 42. Thus, it appears that a short-term immunosuppressive therapy may not present a negative influence on the density of the pre-existing bone around titanium implants placed in rabbits.

scholarly journals Titanium Implants Coated with a Bifunctional Molecule with Antimicrobic Activity: A Rabbit Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Francesco Carinci ◽  
Tiziana Orsini ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Erda Qorri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
P Value ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bifunctional Molecule ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Antimicrobic Activity

Background: Various surface treatments have been tested for titanium implants aiming at increasing their surface biocompatibility and their biological characteristics, but also the efficiency of the implant surface will have to be improved to drastically decrease peri-implantite and mucosite. In fact, the peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis have a high incidence in clinical practice. The nanofabrication techniques that offer the possibility to achieve the implant surface that reduces bacterial colonization could influence the osteointegration. The aim of this research was to evaluate the bone response to titanium implants coated with a bifunctional molecule with antimicrobic activity consisting of a combination of silver ions covalently bound to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Methods: A total of 36 implants were inserted into 18 older New Zealand white male rabbits. They had two different surfaces. The implants Control group was characterized by an acid-etched and sandblasted surface treatment, and the Test implants had an acid-etched and sandblasted surface coated with a silver ion covalently bound to titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the solution. Results: No statistically significant difference of the bone density was evidenced between Control and Test implants at two weeks (p-value = 0.623), four weeks (p-value = 0.339), and eight weeks (p-value = 0.461). Moreover, no statistically significant difference of the bone-implant contact percentage was evidenced between Control and Test implants at two weeks (p-value = 0.938), four weeks (p-value = 0.307), and eight weeks (p-value = 0.294). The effectiveness of the present investigation demonstrated no adverse effects on osseointegration, and no statistically significant differences were observed in the bone density and percentage of bone-implant contact between Test and Control implants at all the experimental time points (two, four, and eight weeks). Conclusions: Titanium implants coated with the silver-anatase solution bind very well to the bone and did not have an adverse effect on the bone tissue in a rabbit model. These facts suggest possible clinical applications for the silver composition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Peri-Implant Bone Grafting Around Surface-Porous Dental Implants: An In Vivo Study in a Goat Model

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alshehri ◽  
Mohammed Alshehri ◽  
Terrence Sumague ◽  
Abdurahman Niazy ◽  
John Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Biomechanical Assessment ◽  
Growth Area

Dental implants with surface-porous designs have been recently developed. Clinically, peri-implant bone grafting is expected to promote early osseointegration and bone ingrowth when applied with surface-porous dental implants in challenging conditions. The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze peri-implant bone healing around solid implants and surface-porous implants with and without peri-implant bone grafting, using biomechanical and histomorphometrical assessment in a goat iliac bone model. A total of 36 implants (4.1 mm wide, 11.5 mm long) divided into three groups, solid titanium implant (STI; n = 12), porous titanium implants (PTI; n = 12) and PTI with peri-implant bone grafting using biphasic calcium phosphate granules (PTI + BCP; n = 12), were placed bilaterally in the iliac crests of six goats. The goats were sacrificed seven weeks post-operatively and then subjected to biomechanical (n = 6 per group) and histomorphometrical (n = 6 per group) assessment. The biomechanical assessment revealed no significant differences between the three types of implants. Although the peri-implant bone-area (PIBA%) measured by histomorphometry (STI: 8.63 ± 3.93%, PTI: 9.89 ± 3.69%, PTI + BCP: 9.28 ± 2.61%) was similar for the three experimental groups, the percentage of new bone growth area (BGA%) inside the porous implant portion was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the PTI group (10.67 ± 4.61%) compared to the PTI + BCP group (6.50 ± 6.53%). These data demonstrate that peri-implant bone grafting around surface-porous dental implants does not significantly accelerate early osseointegration and bone ingrowth.

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