Comparison of Human Health and Safety Loss due to Corroded Gas Pipeline Failure in Rural and Urban Areas: A Case Study in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhamimi Mohd Hanafiah ◽  
Libriati Zardasti ◽  
Yahaya Nordin ◽  
Norhazilan Md Noor ◽  
Ahmad A. Safuan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Consequence Assessment ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Pipeline Failure

Consequence assessment is an integral part of the risk assessment process. There are many types of consequences loss due to pipeline failure such as asset loss, environmental loss, production loss, and human health and safety loss (HHSL). This paper studies the comparison of HHSL between rural and urban areas due to pipeline failure subject to corrosion. The damage area of the explosion was calculated using Aloha software by considering the details of the selected sites such as atmospheric and topographical conditions. The HHSL was calculated using a mathematical equation of quantitative risk assessment in terms of the number of fatalities or injuries or both. The results of the assessments from rural and urban areas were then compared with one another to identify any significant dissimilarity. This study shows that there was a possibility to improve the decisive value of risk by implementing the proposed approach in consequence assessment in Malaysia.

Comparison Study on Human Health and Safety Loss for Rural and Urban Areas in Monetary Value Subjected to Gas Pipeline Failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-309
Author(s):  
Norhamimi Mohd Hanafiah ◽  
Libriati Zardasti ◽  
Nordin Yahaya ◽  
Norhazilan M. Noor ◽  
Nursamirah Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Pipeline Failure

TURNING FARMERS INTO SOCIAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURS FOR DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Runcan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Rural And Urban

According to Romania’s National Rural Development Programme, the socio-economic situation of the rural environment has a large number of weaknesses – among which low access to financial resources for small entrepreneurs and new business initiatives in rural areas and poorly developed entrepreneurial culture, characterized by a lack of basic managerial knowledge – but also a large number of opportunities – among which access of the rural population to lifelong learning and entrepreneurial skills development programmes and entrepreneurs’ access to financial instruments. The population in rural areas depends mainly on agricultural activities which give them subsistence living conditions. The gap between rural and urban areas is due to low income levels and employment rates, hence the need to obtain additional income for the population employed in subsistence and semi-subsistence farming, especially in the context of the depopulation trend. At the same time, the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in rural areas is high and is at a resonance with the need to increase the potential of rural communities from the perspective of landscape, culture, traditional activities and local resources. A solution could be to turn vegetal and / or animal farms into social farms – farms on which people with disabilities (but also adolescents and young people with anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicide, and alexithymia issues) might find a “foster” family, bed and meals in a natural, healthy environment, and share the farm’s activities with the farmer and the farmer’s family: “committing to a regular day / days and times for a mutually agreed period involves complying with any required health and safety practices (including use of protective clothing and equipment), engaging socially with the farm family members and other people working on and around the farm, and taking on tasks which would include working on the land, taking care of animals, or helping out with maintenance and other physical work”

scholarly journals Emission of fine particles (PM2.5) from residential biomass combustion in Croatia and how to reduce it

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Mirela Poljanac
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Wood Burning ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pm2.5 Emissions

Wood burning in residential appliances is very represented in the Republic of Croatia. It is a main or an additional form of heating for many households in rural and urban areas and is therefore an important source of air pollution. The choice of energy and the combustion appliance used in home have a significant impact on PM2.5 emissions. The paper informs the reader about PM2.5 emissions, their main sources and impacts on human health, environment, climate, air quality, and the reason why PM2.5 emissions from residential wood burning are harmful. Paper also gives an overview of spatial PM2.5 emission distribution in Croatia, their five air quality zones and four agglomerations. The paper analyses the sources and their contribution to PM2.5 emissions with the relevance of PM2.5 emissions from residential plants, the use of fuels in residential plants and their contribution to PM2.5 emissions and PM2.5 emissions by fuel combustion technologies in residential sector. Appropriate strategies, policies, and actions to reduce the impact of residential biomass (wood) burning on the environment, air quality and human health are considered.

scholarly journals Determination of Aflatoxin M1 concentration in volunteers from rural and urban areas of Cochabamba-Bolivia

Bionatura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 02 (Bionatura Conference Serie) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Condori Vincenti ◽  
Stefania Torrico Torrico ◽  
Tania Alba Medrano ◽  
Yesica Nina Guaravia ◽  
Nora Medrano-Mercado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Toxigenic Strains

Aflatoxins are produced by toxigenic strains of Aspergillus fungi and include the subtypes: B1, B2, G1, and G2. Once ingested, aflatoxin is metabolized to aflatoxin M1 found in the urine. Because of the importance of aflatoxins on human health, we analyzed 550 urine samples collected from farmers and city volunteers from Cochabamba. The level of aflatoxin M1 was determined using the Helica Aflatoxin M1 ELISA Kit specific for urine. 216 volunteer farmers had an aflatoxin M1 range of 0.02-1.21 ng/ml, while 334 urine city volunteers had a range of 0.03-1.27 ng/ml, indicating a risk for exposure to aflatoxin contamination for both populations.

scholarly journals Experiencing nature with sight impairment: Seeking freedom from ableism

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Narratives ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
The Life Course

The idea of nature as freedom has long captured the human imagination, particularly since the Romantic era when notions of escapism were underpinned by the idealisation and externalisation of nature. The drive for freedom persists in the findings of much contemporary research examining the contribution of nature to human health and wellbeing. Yet, this work tells us little about how cultural narratives of freedom play out in the lives of people living with impairment and disability, or the constraining ableist assumptions that often underpin popular discourses of nature. This paper aims to address this, drawing on the findings of an in-depth qualitative study exploring how 31 people with varying forms and severities of sight impairment, living in rural and urban areas of England, describe their experiences with(in) diverse types of nature through the life course. Moving beyond the ‘wilderness ideal’ and sensationalised ‘supercrip’ stories that reproduce ableist ideas of bodies without limitation, this paper foregrounds the richly textured ways in which participants experienced feelings of freedom with nonhuman nature. These freedoms are characterised as social, mobile and exploratory. In doing so, it seeks to make room for a range of nature experiences, folding social justice into the growing momentum to connect people with nature in the name of health and wellbeing.

Occupational Health and Safety Awareness, Knowledge of the Risks and Practices of Risk prevention of Hair and Beauty Salon Workers in Rural and Urban Areas of Western Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 34-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Prasad Sedhain ◽  
Rajendra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Risk Prevention ◽  
Beauty Salon ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
High Standards

There is a need to meet and maintain high standards of safety, health and hygiene so that no risk is present to workers and clients in salon/parlors. Given the fact that hair and beauty salon workers and customers are at risk, this study is focused on hair and beauty salon workers’ OHS awareness, knowledge of the risks and practices of risk preventions. Based on the data collected by interviewing a total of 60 salon/parlor workers from 60 workplaces in western Nepal, the study has revealed that the level of OHS awareness, knowledge of risk and risk prevention practices among salon/ parlor workers associated with their profession is satisfactory. Similarly, the level of OHS awareness, knowledge of risk and risk prevention practices associated with their profession is more satisfactory in urban area than the rural areas.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v5i0.7038 Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology-Vol. V (2012) 34-53

Public Safety Risk Assessment of Natural Gas Liquids Pipelines

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Zelensky ◽  
W. Arthur J. Springer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Flash Fire

Public safety risks are becoming an important issue in the planning of new pipelines and the operation of existing pipelines. Pipelines are initially routed to avoid densely populated areas. However, new developments may encroach on existing pipelines. Risks to the public can be estimated to determine an adequate setback distance. The methodology for risk assessment is described using a Canadian case study. Ethane, propane, butane and pentanes are commonly transported as liquids in pipelines. These compounds have a high vapour pressure, and when accidentally released, may form a flammable dense gas cloud. If the cloud is ignited, a flash fire or vapour cloud explosion may occur. Consequences and frequencies of the selected hazardous incidents are provided. Individual risk levels in rural and urban areas along the pipeline are presented and compared to the risk-based land use planning guidelines of the Major Industrial Accidents Council of Canada.

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