scholarly journals Effect of lower facial height and anteroposterior lip position on esthetic preference for Korean silhouette profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-427
Author(s):  
Kyung-Hyun Seo ◽  
Deuk-Hun So ◽  
Kyeong-Tae Song ◽  
Sung-Kwon Choi ◽  
Kyung-Hwa Kang
Keyword(s):  
Facial Height

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

Variations in Facial Anthropometric Measurements among Major Ethnic Groups in Nigeria: A 3-Dimentional Stereophotogrammetry Analysis

FACE ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 273250162110290
Author(s):  
Adegbayi Adeola Adekunle ◽  
Abiodun Yusuff Olowo ◽  
Moses Adetona ◽  
Olutayo James ◽  
Olawale Olatubosun Adamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
3D Photogrammetry

Objectives: The aim of the study is to highlight variations in facial anthropometric measurements among the major ethnic groups in Nigeria using 3D photogrammetry. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Lagos, Nigeria. Acquisition of 3D facial photographs was done using a Vectra H1 portable 3D photogrammetry imaging system. Descriptive analysis of collected data was done and a test of associations performed using independent samples t-test. The level of significance was set at <.05. Results: The total number of participants in this study was 503. The study population was made up of 302 (60%) males and 201 (40%) females. Mean upper facial height among Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, and other ethnic groups were 68.93 ± 5.85, 70.18 ± 5.99, 63.79 ± 4.80, and 69.29 ± 5.95 mm respectively, while mean interpupillary distances were 66.99 ± 3.70, 67.34 ± 3.56, 66.73 ± 3.80, and 67.09 ± 3.72 mm respectively. A Tukey posthoc test revealed significant pairwise differences for upper facial height between the Yoruba and Hausa population with a mean difference of 5.15 mm ( P < .001, 95% CI 2.94-7.35) ( P < .001, 95% CI 2.94-7.35), and Hausa and Igbo population with a mean difference of 6.39 mm ( P < .001, 95% CI 3.75-9.03). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed the presence of significant inter-ethnic differences between Hausa ethnic group and the Yoruba ethnic group for midfacial height ( P < .001), upper lip height ( P = .004), lower lip height ( P = .003), total face height ( P = .010), and orbital fissure width ( P < .001). Conclusion: The result of this study shows that distinct difference does exist in the facial anthropological measurements between the ethnicities included in this study especially in vertical facial measurements.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Craniofacial Characteristics between Two Different Adult Populations with Class II Malocclusion—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Arvind Sivakumar ◽  
Prasad Nalabothu ◽  
Huyen Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Gregory S. Antonarakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
The South ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Craniofacial Characteristics

The dental, skeletal, and soft-tissue characteristics of a particular malocclusion can differ based on ethnicity, race, age, sex and geographical location with Class II malocclusion being one of the most prevalent malocclusions encountered in orthodontic clinical practice. The broad understanding of the characteristics of vertical skeletal and dental parameters in patients with Class II malocclusion can help clinicians to identify patterns and variations in the expression of this phenotype for better treatment outcomes. Hence, we compared the craniofacial characteristics of skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion traits from Indian and Vietnamese individuals to analyze the vertical skeletal and dental patterns in both population groups. The sample comprised of lateral cephalograms from 100 young adults with Class II malocclusion, of which fifty (25 males and 25 females) were from South India and the other 50 age- and sex-matched adults from Vietnam. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitized into anonymous image files and were traced and assessed for 16 vertical skeletal and dental parameters. The ANB angle was greater in males (+1.4 deg; p < 0.001) and females (+1.9 deg; p < 0.001) in the South Indian population. The Vietnamese males had a larger mandibular plane angle, articular angle, anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height compared to the Indian males. The Vietnamese females had larger mandibular plane and articular angles compared to the Indian females. The skeletal class II malocclusion was more severe in the South Indian compared to the Vietnamese adults. The Vietnamese sample showed a generalized tendency towards a more vertical skeletal growth pattern and in males this pattern seemed to be due to the dentoalveolar component. The Vietnamese females showed a tendency towards a vertical growth pattern, but without apparent contribution by the dentoalveolar component.

A cross-sectional study of facial index in Western Uttar Pradesh population between 18-25 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Shanmukha Varalakshmi Vangara ◽  
Dhananjay Kumar ◽  
Neel Kamal Arora
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Facial Phenotype ◽  
Facial Anthropometry

Background: Facial anthropometry is the scientific study of measurements and proportions of the human face. There is huge paucity in the metric measurements of face in Indian population. This study is involved in collecting facial anthropometric data of Western Uttar Pradesh population of age group between 18-25 years. Aims and Objectives: This study aims at evaluating predominant facial phenotype, using facial height and facial width of Western Uttar Pradesh population as study subjects. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 200 medical and paramedical students of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS-IMS), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. The study subjects were of 18-25 year’s age, belonging to Western Uttar Pradesh region. Digital Vernier Caliper was used to measure the facial parameters. The data was analyzed using statistical tool SPSS 16.0 version. Results: In the present study it is found that facial height and width are more in males compared to females. This difference is statistically significant. On analyzing facial index, hyperleptoprosopic face is the predominant phenotype in males as well as in females, followed by leptoprosopic type in males and mesoprosopic type in females. However, gender differences in facial index are not statistically significant at p<0.05.  Conclusion: The current study reveals that facial parameters can be used to determine the gender of an individual on the basis of height and width.

Growth Pattern in Skeletal Class I Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Sujal Amatya ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Shristi Napit
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Growth Modification ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Introduction: Great emphasis has been given to the evaluation of sagittal apical base relationship in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The prediction of magnitude and direction of facial growth based on sagittal relationship will help in orthodontic treatment with growth modification. The objective of the study is to assess the growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. Materials and Method: 104 subjects (52 male and 52 female) with the age between 18-30 years with Class I skeletal relation was selected from lateral cephalograms of patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, Kantipur Dental College. The ANB angle was measured to assess the sagittal jaw relationship and the Jarabak’s ratio to access the growth pattern. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each parameter. Pearson’s test was done to evaluate the correlation between the parameters. Independent t-test was done to compare Anterior Facial height (AFH), Posterior Facial Height (PFH) and Jarabak’s ratio between male and female subjects. Result: Among the total subjects with skeletal Class I malocclusion; hyperdivergent growth pattern was least (10.57%), followed by normodivergent (18.26%) and hypodivergent growth pattern (71.15%). Mean Jarabak’s ratio for hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent growth pattern were 58.65±1.94, 63.98±0.85 and 69.98±4.13 respectively. Very strong correlation was found between AFH and PFH in hyperdivergent (r = 0.821) and normodivergent group (r =0.978). Strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between AFH and PFH (r =0.743). Also, strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between PFH and Jarabak’s ratio (r =0.643). Conclusion: Hypodivergent growth pattern was the dominant growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. PFH influenced the determination of Jarabak’s ratio more than the AFH in hypodivergent growth pattern. Hypodivergent growth pattern is correlated with large SNB angle.

scholarly journals Morphological and Functional Parameters in Patients with Tooth Wear before and after Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Sierpinska ◽  
Joanna Kuc ◽  
Maria Golebiewska
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Occlusal Vertical Dimension ◽  
Pre Treatment

Advanced tooth wear often results in lost vertical dimension and impacts facial aesthetics. Complex restorative treatment can replace the lost tooth structure and improve functional occlusal and facial skeleton parameters. Purpose: The aim of the study is to assess changes in the morphological and functional occlusal parameters of the facial skeleton after prosthetic rehabilitation that increased lost occlusal vertical dimension. Material and Methodology: 50 patients with advanced tooth wear were clinically examined, to assess the degree of wear. Each subject underwent cephalometric analysis, digital occlusal analysis, and electromyographic analysis, of the anterior temporalis, superficial masetter, anterior digastric, and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. Prosthodontic treatment was performed to restore the occlusal vertical dimension of each subject’s occlusion, which was followed by repeating the pretreatment analyses. Pre and post treatment parameters were statistically compared. Results: Pre-treatment cephalometric analysis showed that lost vertical dimension reduced anterior facial height and resulted in small angular skeletal parameters. Post treatment anterior facial height increased from the increased occlusal vertical dimension. The mean value of functional electrical activity during clenching post treatment, increased compared to pretreatment. Conclusion: Increasing the vertical dimension of occlusion improved facial aesthetics by positively affecting facial skeletal angles. The restored occlusal surface morphology changed the pre treatment flat broad occlusal contacts into more point contacts. The increased vertical dimension of occlusion after treatment also increased muscle activity levels over the pretreatment levels after three months period of adaptation.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN CROWN LENGTH OF PERMANENT MAXILLARY ANTERIOR TEETH, FACIAL HEIGHT AND LENGTH OF HAND DIGITS WITH THE STATURE OF AN INDIVIDUAL.

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Thatchani G V ◽  
S.Babukuttan Pillai ◽  
Heera R
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Right Hand

BACKGROUND: Personal identification is defined as establishing the identity of an individual. One of the objectives of the medicolegal investigation is to estimate stature or height from various skeletal remains and body parts brought for examination. Teeth can be considered as an exceptional resource material for forensic investigations because of its high resistance capacity to withstand high temperatures in disasters during natural or manmade calamities. Teeth play a vital role in individual identification for medicolegal circumstances and identification of unknown skeletal remains during mass casualties. We did a pioneer study to correlate anatomical crown length of maxillary anterior teeth, facial height and right-hand digits length with the stature of an individual for personal identification in Southern Kerala population by formulating an equation. METHODS: A total of 250 volunteers participated in this study. The stature and anatomical crown length of maxillary anterior teeth, facial height, length of right-hand digits were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 for Windows Operating System. Correlation between anatomical crown length of maxillary anterior teeth, facial height, length of right-hand digits with the stature of an individual was analyzed by Pearson correlation test. Regression analysis was used to get equations for estimation of stature from these parameters. CONCLUSION: The present study is possibly the first in Southern Kerala population that has attempted to estimate stature from anatomical crown length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth, facial height, and right-hand digits length by formulating a regression equation. We found some positive correlation between facial height and right-hand digits length with the stature of the individual. But there was no significant correlation between anatomical crown length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth with the stature of an individual. Although no definitive correlations could be established between anatomical crown length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth and stature or body height, the use of the established parameters will be helpful in the fields of forensic odontology and anthropology.

scholarly journals Gender and Stature Estimate Based on Facial Measurements: an Anthropometric Study in Southwest Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Alireza Eftekhari Moghadam ◽  
Forouzan Absalan ◽  
Jafar Rezaian ◽  
Kimia Pirzad ◽  
Atefeh Zahedi
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Discriminative Value ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male Subjects

This study was aimed to evaluate the facial dimensions and their relation with gender and stature in the Iranian southwest population. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 southwest Iranian cases age 20-50 years (150 males and 150 females). Studied variables through physical anthropometry in both genders were Upper facial height (UFH), Total facial height (TFH), Facial Height (FH), Facial Width (FW), and intercanthal width (IC) using a standard sliding caliper and Collis. Regarding the sex and age of the individuals, general descriptive analysis of facial dimensions was determined. All measurements, except TFH and FH, were different between men and women (p≤ 0.01). In male subjects, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) revealed that IC (0.72 ⃰ ⃰ ), FW (0.58 ⃰ ⃰ ) and UFH (0.18 ⃰⃰ ⃰ ) parameters had a positive correlation with stature. In the female group, none of the facial parameters had a significant correlation with stature. Regarding the value of each facial diameter in discriminating male and female stature and gender, the highest discriminative value was specified to the FW (cutoff: 11.89, sensitivity: 89%, specificity: 11%) and IC (cutoff: 2.26, sensitivity: 98%, specificity: 0.04%) respectively. This study showed a significant association of some facial measurements with stature and gender in the southwest Iranian population. IC and FW had the most diagnostic value for gender and stature definition. It is shown a useful reference for the adult southwest Iranian population for facial recognition and that the subject’s sex should be considered during body identification procedures.

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