scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic kidney disease in north eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijuptil Chiroma ◽  
Mohammad Maina Sulaiman ◽  
Bilkisu Mohammed Mubi ◽  
Akilahyel Auta Ndahi ◽  
Ahidiyu Anaryu Mamza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. In northeastern Nigeria the epidemiology and risk factors have not been fully studied. This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence and risk factors of DKD in Maiduguri, north eastern Nigeria. The study population consisted of adult diabetic patients recruited consecutively at the diabetic clinic of University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri. Socio-demographic variables including age, sex, weight, BMI, as well as laboratory parameters, were obtained from each patient. Glomerular filtration rate was derived from CKD-EPI formula using serum creatinine. Two hundred and sixty-one diabetic patients were recruited. The prevalence of DKD among them was 42.9%. Classification based on eGFRshowed that 35(13.4%) patients had hyperfiltration; 48 (18.4%) stage I; 66 (25.3%) stage II; 68 (26.1%) stage III; 36 (13.8%) stage IV; 8 (3.1%) stage V. One hundred and seventeen (44.8%) had proteinuria. Low eGFR <60ml/1.73M2 was associated with age >50 years (r=1.039, p=0.011); male sex (r=-0.899, p=0.008); hyperuricaemia (r=1.010, p=0.000); low PCV (r=1.276, p=0.000); HbA1C (r=1.127, p=0.030); proteinuria (r=2.011, p=0.004).This study has shown that chronic kidney disease is common among diabetic patients in northeastern Nigeria. Age, male sex, hyperuricaemia, low PCV, high HbA1C levels and proteinuria were found to be associated with development of DKD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for chronic kidney disease and diabetic kidney disease in a central Chinese urban population: a cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayu Duan ◽  
Duan Guang-Cai ◽  
Wang Chong-Jian ◽  
Liu Dong-Wei ◽  
Qiao Ying-Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression ◽  
Central China ◽  
Diabetic Kidney

Abstract Background This study was conducted to evaluate and update the current prevalence of and risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in a China. Methods A total of 5231 participants were randomly recruited for this study. CKD and DKD were defined according to the combination of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), presence of albuminuria and diabetes. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing lifestyle and relevant medical history, and blood and urinary specimens were taken. Serum creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and urinary albumin were assessed. The age- and gender-adjusted prevalences of CKD and DKD were calculated, and risk factors associated with the presence of reduced eGFR, albuminuria, DKD, severity of albuminuria and progression of reduce renal function were analyzed by binary and ordinal logistic regression. Results The overall adjusted prevalence of CKD was 16.8% (15.8 – 17.8%) and that of DKD was 3.5% (3.0 – 4.0%). Decreased renal function was detected in 132 participants [2.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5 – 3.2%], whereas albuminuria was found in 858 participants (14.9%, 95% CI: 13.9 – 15.9%). In all participants with diabetes, the prevalence of reduced eGFR was 6.3% (95% CI = 3.9 – 8.6%) and that of albuminuria was 45.3% (95% CI = 40.4 – 50.1%). The overall prevalence of CKD in participants with diabetes was 48.0% (95% CI = 43.1 – 52.9%). The results of the binary and ordinal logistic regression indicated that factors independently associated with higher risk of reduced eGFR and albuminuria were older age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. Conclusions Our study shows the current prevalences of CKD and DKD in residents of Central China. The high prevalence suggests an urgent need to implement interventions to relieve the high burden of CKD and DKD in China.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease and diabetic kidney disease in a central Chinese urban population: a cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayu Duan ◽  
Guang-Cai Duan ◽  
Chong-Jian Wang ◽  
Dong-Wei Liu ◽  
Ying-Jin Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Current Prevalence

Abstract Background : This study was conducted to evaluate and update the current prevalence of and risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in China. Methods : A total of 5231 participants were randomly recruited for this study. CKD and DKD were defined according to the combination of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the presence of albuminuria and diabetes. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing lifestyle and relevant medical history, and blood and urine specimens were taken. Serum creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and urinary albumin were assessed. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of CKD and DKD was calculated, and risk factors associated with the presence of reduced eGFR, albuminuria, DKD, severity of albuminuria and progression of reduced renal function were analyzed by binary and ordinal logistic regression. Results : The overall adjusted prevalence of CKD was 16.8% (15.8 – 17.8%) and that of DKD was 3.5% (3.0 – 4.0%). Decreased renal function was detected in 132 participants (2.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5 – 3.2%), whereas albuminuria was found in 858 participants (14.9%, 95% CI: 13.9 – 15.9%). In all participants with diabetes, the prevalence of reduced eGFR was 6.3% (95% CI = 3.9 – 8.6%) and that of albuminuria was 45.3% (95% CI = 40.4 – 50.1%). The overall prevalence of CKD in participants with diabetes was 48.0% (95% CI = 43.1 – 52.9%). The results of the binary and ordinal logistic regression indicated that the factors independently associated with a higher risk of reduced eGFR and albuminuria were older age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. Conclusions : Our study shows the current prevalence of CKD and DKD in residents of Central China. The high prevalence suggests an urgent need to implement interventions to relieve the high burden of CKD and DKD in China.

Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with aortic stiffness in nondialysis diabetic patients with stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease

Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812110076
Author(s):  
Ssu-Chin Lin ◽  
Tsung-Jui Wu ◽  
Du-An Wu ◽  
Bang-Gee Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Kidney

Objectives Albuminuria and serum adiponectin levels are factors that have been associated with the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Here we investigated the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and aortic stiffness in nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients with stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease. Methods Fasting blood samples were obtained from 80 nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients with stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured using applanation tonometry; cfPWV values of >10 m/s were defined as aortic stiffness. Serum adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results Forty-two patients (52.5%) with nondialysis diabetic kidney disease were diagnosed with aortic stiffness. The patients in this group were older ( p =  0.011), had higher systolic blood pressure ( p =  0.002) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios ( p =  0.013), included fewer females ( p =  0.024), and had lower serum adiponectin ( p =  0.001) levels than those in the control group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that serum adiponectin was independently associated with aortic stiffness (odds ratio = 0.930, 95% confidence interval: 0.884–0.978, p =  0.005) and also positively correlated with cfPWV values by multivariable linear regression ( β = –0.309, p =  0.002) in nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients. Conclusions The results suggested that serum adiponectin levels could be used to predict aortic stiffness in nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients with stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Call of Attention to Nephrologists

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Górriz ◽  
María José Soler ◽  
Juan F. Navarro-González ◽  
Clara García-Carro ◽  
María Jesús Puchades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
The Impact

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESKD), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Despite advances in the nephroprotective treatment of T2DM, DKD remains the most common complication, driving the need for renal replacement therapies (RRT) worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Until recently, prevention of DKD progression was based around strict blood pressure (BP) control, using renin–angiotensin system blockers that simultaneously reduce BP and proteinuria, adequate glycemic control and control of cardiovascular risk factors. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are a new class of anti-hyperglycemic drugs shown to improve cardiovascular and renal events in DKD. In this regard, GLP-1RA offer the potential for adequate glycemic control in multiple stages of DKD without an increased risk of hypoglycemia, preventing the onset of macroalbuminuria and slowing the decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diabetic patients, also bringing additional benefit in weight reduction, cardiovascular and other kidney outcomes. Results from ongoing trials are pending to assess the impact of GLP-1RA treatments on primary kidney endpoints in DKD.

scholarly journals Roles of mTOR in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Mako Yasuda-Yamahara ◽  
Shinji Kume ◽  
Hiroshi Maegawa
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and the number of patients affected is increasing worldwide. Thus, there is a need to establish a new treatment for DKD to improve the renal prognosis of diabetic patients. Recently, it has shown that intracellular metabolic abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis of DKD. In particular, the activity of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a nutrient-sensing signaling molecule, is hyperactivated in various organs of diabetic patients, which suggests the involvement of excessive mTORC1 activation in the pathogenesis of diabetes. In DKD, hyperactivated mTORC1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of podocyte damage, which causes proteinuria, and tubular cell injury that decreases renal function. Therefore, elucidating the role of mTORC1 in DKD and developing new therapeutic agents that suppress mTORC1 hyperactivity may shed new light on DKD treatments in the future.

Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy on Cardiovascular Risk in Experimental Diabetic Kidney Disease

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Nagib ◽  
F A Abuzahra ◽  
A A Seif ◽  
M A Ahmed ◽  
G M Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Diabetic Kidney

Abstract Background Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)s were experimentally used in treating diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications, particularly, diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in diabetic patients, which has been strongly associated with progression of DKD. Aim This study was designed to explore the effect of MSCs in modulating cardiovascular risk factors that develop with DKD. Study Design 60 adult female albino rats were allocated into three groups: control group, untreated diabetic kidney disease group (un-DKD) and MSCs treated diabetic kidney disease group (MSC-DKD). DM was induced by a single dose of Streptozotocin at a dose of 35mg/kg, then rats were sacrificed 8 weeks later. MSC-DKD rats were treated by IV injection of bone marrow-derived MSCs 4 weeks after DM induction. DKD establishment was confirmed by histopathological kidney changes and elevated plasma creatinine and urea in both un-DKD and MSC-DKD rats. Methods Blood Pressure and lipid profile were measured, and atherogenic index was calculated to assess cardiovascular risk accompanying the progression of the diabetic renal damage. Moreover, aortic reactivity studies were performed in vitro. Results A single MSCs injection to MSC-DKD rats resulted in significant decrease in final blood glucose, mean arterial blood pressure and atherogenic index, together with a significant increase in plasma HDL level compared to untreated rats, thus minimizing cardiovascular risk factors. MSC-DKD aortae also exhibited significant enhancement of vascular reactivity parameters, particularly vasorelaxation which could partially explain the improvement of blood pressure. On the other hand, DKD didn’t improve by MSCs therapy. These results conformed to tracking labelled MSCs which were found in abundance in both aortic and pancreatic tissues and absent in kidneys. Conclusion MSCs therapy holds hope of improving cardiovascular risk and mortality for diabetic patients with diabetic Kidney disease.

scholarly journals First, Do No Harm: Critical Appraisal of Protein Restriction for Diabetic Kidney Disease

Diabetology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Satoru Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

Low-protein diets have been recommended as diet therapy for the management of chronic kidney disease; however, its effect on chronic kidney disease has not been scientifically proven. Although several studies have reported significantly more favorable results with low-protein diet than with normal-protein diet, the renal protective effects of low-protein diets are still unclear in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, some studies have reported that extremely low-protein diets may increase the risk of mortality. Thus, this paper describes the effectiveness and safety of low-protein diets for patients with diabetic kidney disease by reviewing the historical background of different low-protein diets that were critically examined in several studies.

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