scholarly journals Relationship of soil potassium forms with maize potassium contents in soils derived from different parent materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Mehmood Butt ◽  
Mohammad Saleem Akhtar ◽  
Ayaz Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Shah Rukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Genetic Horizon ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Relationship Of

Understanding of soil potassium (K) dynamics is essential for sustainable crop production. Bioavailability of potassium depends on forms and distribution within the soil profile. The objectives of this research were to determine which soil potassium forms controls the maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) potassium contents and compare the extracting capability of sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) with ammonium acetate (NH<sub>4</sub>OAc) method. Nine soils representing three different parent materials <em>i.e.</em> loess, sandstone and shale were sampled at three surface genetic horizons. Within each parent material, three soils at varying level of development were selected. Besides basic soil parameters, K was fractioned into water soluble K, exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K, and NaTPB-extracted K. The maize was sown in pots having 2 kg soil from each genetic horizon. Crop was harvested at seven weeks and plant was analyzed for K contents. Results shows that NaTPB extracted K gave best correlation as compared to NH<sub>4</sub>OAc method. This conveys that a non-exchangeable K portion that becomes available to plants can better estimated by NaTPB method than NH<sub>4</sub>OAc extraction.

scholarly journals Different soil potassium fractions and their contribution towards its uptake under long-term rice-rice cropping system in an Inceptisol of subtropical eastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Raghabananda Nayak ◽  
Kumbhakarna Rout ◽  
Mitali Mandal ◽  
Abhiram Dash
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Pot Culture

A pot culture experiment was conducted by taking soils from a long term fertilizer experimental field to evaluate the contribution of different K fractions towards rice biomass yield and potassium uptake in different long term fertilizer management practices. Twelve different soils were taken for pot culture and graded dose of potassium @ 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg K2O ha-1 was applied. Rice variety Lalat was grown as test crop. The forms of potassium were determined in the surface soil of 0-15 cm after maturity of crop. The result shows that water soluble form of K is the major contributor to biomass yield in soils taken from100% PK, 100% NPKZn, 100% NPKZnB,100% NPKZnS,100% NPK lime and control treated plots of the main field where as exchangeable K is dominant form of K in 100% NPK and 150% NPK. Ammonium acetate K contributes to yield in NPKFYM lime treatment. The nitric acid extractable K is a major contributor to yield in 100% NPKFYM,100% N or100% NP treatment. The water soluble form of K is the major source towards uptake in 150% NPK, NPKFYM lime ,100% NPKZnB, or control. Ammonium acetate K becomes the main source by applying 100% PK,100% NPK,100% NPKZn,100% NPKZnSor 100% NPKlime whereas exchangeable K becomes major contributor by100%N,or 100% NP application and 1 N HNO3 extractable K is the main source of K uptake in NPKFYM treatment. Therefore due importance of different form of potassium should be given in soil test value for better fertilizer management.

scholarly journals Forms and Dynamics of Soil Potassium in Acid Soil in the Wolaita Zone of Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Kassa ◽  
Wassie Haile ◽  
fassile kebede
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Crop Land ◽  
Land Use Types

Quantity-intensity characteristics are among conventional approaches for studying potassium dynamics and its availability; this was assessed to determine availability in four districts: namely, Sodo Zuria, Damot Gale, Damot Sore, and Boloso Sore at three different land use type viz., enset-coffee, crop land, and grazing land. There was water soluble, ammonium acetate, nitric acid extractable potassium, exchangeable potassium, and non-exchangeable potassium studied in soil samples, which were collected from 0-20 cm depth of each land type. The study revealed that water soluble and ammonium acetate extractable potassium concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.42 cmolKg-1 soils enset-coffee and grazing land use types, respectively. The study showed that exchangeable potassium constituted the highest proportion of available potassium, while the proportion of water soluble potassium was found to be the lowest. In this study, non-exchangeable potassium concentrations varied from 0.10 to 0.04cmolKg-1soils for enset-coffee, and crop and grazing land use type. Furthermore, available potassium and exchangeable potassium concentrations were positively correlated with OC(r=0.95***), cation exchange capacity, and sand and clay(r=0.98***). In addition, the K dynamics as impacted by land use types found that the highest change in exchangeable potassium (0.31cmolkg-1soils) and potential buffering capacity (1.79cmolkg-1soils) were noted in crop land use types, whereas the lowest change(1.26cmolkg-1 soils) was observed in the enset-coffee system, The varying properties, potassium status, dynamic and land use type of soils identified in the study areas provided adequate information to design soil potassium management options and further research about the soil in each site. Therefore, application of site specific soil fertility management practices and research can improve soil potassium status and quantity intensity parameters to sustain crop productive soils.

Potassium supplying power of a Typic Ustochrept profile using quantity/intensity technique in a long-term fertilized plot

2001 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. RUPA ◽  
S. SRIVASTAVA ◽  
A. SWARUP ◽  
D. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The effect of 27 years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring on potassium (K) supplying capacity of a Typic Ustochrept soil profile from Delhi, India under a maize–wheat–cowpea (fodder) cropping system was investigated by employing the quantity/intensity (Q/I) approach. The predominant mineral suite of the <2 μm clay fraction was illite. The values of equilibrium activity ratio of K in solution in equilibrium with the soil (ARKE), labile pools of K (KL), immediately available K (ΔK0), K available with difficulty (KX) and water soluble+exchangeable K (1 M NH4OAc K) in different soil layers (0 to 105 cm) under different treatments were in the following order: 100% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK)+farmyard manure (FYM) > 100% NPK > control (no fertilizer) > 100% N >100% NP. The ARKE value, a measure of availability or intensity of labile K in soil decreased with profile depth due to greater K fixation by specific sites in the lower layers. The quantity of specifically sorbed K (KX) and the potential buffering capacity of soil (PBCK) showed a increasing trend with soil depth. In soil without K fertilizer treatments (control, 100% N and 100% NP) about 100% of the total K uptake by crops was from non-exchangeable soil K reserve as compared to 49·5 and 32·2% when annually 84 kg K/ha and 84 kg K/ha+FYM at the rate of 15 t/ha were applied. The results showed the greatest depletion of non-exchangeable K reserves in the plots which did not receive K fertilization. To ensure sustained crop production under intensive cropping, application of recommended dose of NPK plus FYM is required.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Different Fractions of soil Potassium in an Inceptisol under Subtropical Rice-Rice System

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Raghabananda Nayak ◽  
Kumbhakarna Rout
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Field studies were carried out in 2014-15 rabi season and 2015 kharif season at central farm of OUAT, Odisha, India to evaluate different fractions of potassium at different soil depth at different stages of rice crop. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 12 treatments and 4 replications. The study revealed that water soluble K, exchangeable K and non exchangeable K content was highest in 100%NPK+FYM+Lime.Watersoluble K decreased from tillering to harvesting for all the treatments in both the seasons. Exchangeable K decreased in rabi season but increased in kharif season through the stages of growth. Non exchangeable K increased from tillering to harvesting in both seasons. Lime application has increased three forms of potassium over 100%NPK treatment. There was decrease in potassium content with depth. Potassium content in kharif season is less than rabi. The correlation between grain yield is highest with non exchangeable K in rabi and exchangeable K in kharif. The K uptake is best correlated with non exchangeable K in rabi and water soluble K in kharif season.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of soil potassium and its relationship to land use and parent material

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 202-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Akbas ◽  
H. Gunal ◽  
N. Acir
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Subsurface Layers

Information on the spatial distribution of plant nutrients is a prerequisite to predict their behaviour and to monitor the fertility in a watershed. This study was conducted to evaluate variations of plant available potassium (PAK) and non-exchangeable potassium (NEK) of a watershed with different land use and parent materials. Eight hundred soil samples were taken from 0–30 and 30–60 cm depths across the Kazova watershed of 20 656 ha in size. Average PAK was 152.8 mg/K kg in surface layers and 167.2 mg/kg in subsurface layers. NEK was 925 mg K/kg in surface and 167.2 mg K/kg in subsurface layers. All forms of K were the lowest in soils formed over serpentinite. Soils in pastures had the highest PAK and NEK. Both K forms were positively related to clay content. Spatial variability patterns of PAK and NEK were similar and consistent at both soil depths. The variation in parent material and land use is considered as the main cause for large variations of potassium forms.

scholarly journals Changes in potassium pools in Paraná soils under successive cropping and potassium fertilization

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4083
Author(s):  
Fabio Steiner ◽  
Maria Do Carmo Lana ◽  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
Jucenei Fernando Frandoloso
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Soil Weathering ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
K Concentration

The changes in soil potassium pools under intense cropping and fertilized with potash fertilizer are still little known to the soils of Paraná State. The effects of potassium fertilization and successive cropping on changes in K pools in different soils of Paraná, Brazil, were investigated in this study. Twelve soil samples, collected from the upper layer 0–0.20 m, were fertilized or not with K and subjected to six successive cropping (i.e., soybean, pearl millet, wheat, common beans, soybean and maize). All the crops were grown for 45 days, and at the end of the second, fourth and sixth cropping, the soil from each pot was sampled to determination of the total K, non-exchangeable K, exchangeable K and solution K. The result showed that the soil potassium pools varied widely. Total K concentration ranged from 547 to 15,563 mg kg–1 (4,714 mg kg–1, on average). On the average, structural K, non-exchangeable K, exchangeable K and solution K of the soils constituted 84.0, 11.3, 4.6 and 0.1% of the total K, respectively. Soils differ in the ability to supply potassium to the plants in the short to medium term, due to the wide range of parent material and the degree of soil weathering. When the soils were not fertilized with K, the successive cropping of plants resulted in a continuous process of depletion of non-exchangeable K and exchangeable K pools; however, this depletion was less pronounced in soils with higher potential buffer capacity of K. The concentrations of K non-exchangeable and exchangeable K were increased with the addition of potassium fertilizers, indicating the occurrence of K fixation in soil. After the second cropping, the soil exchangeable K levels remained constant with values of 141 and 36 mg kg–1, respectively, with and without the addition of K fertilizer, reflecting in establishing of a new dynamic equilibrium of K in the soil.

scholarly journals Changes in potassium pools in Paraná soils under successive cropping and potassium fertilization

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Steiner ◽  
Maria do Carmo Lana ◽  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
Jucenei Fernando Frandoloso
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Soil Weathering ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
K Concentration

The changes in soil potassium pools under intense cropping and fertilized with potash fertilizer are still little known to the soils of Paraná State. The effects of potassium fertilization and successive cropping on changes in K pools in different soils of Paraná, Brazil, were investigated in this study. Twelve soil samples, collected from the upper layer 0–0.20 m, were fertilized or not with K and subjected to six successive cropping (i.e., soybean, pearl millet, wheat, common beans, soybean and maize). All the crops were grown for 45 days, and at the end of the second, fourth and sixth cropping, the soil from each pot was sampled to determination of the total K, non-exchangeable K, exchangeable K and solution K. The result showed that the soil potassium pools varied widely. Total K concentration ranged from 547 to 15,563 mg kg–1 (4,714 mg kg–1, on average). On the average, structural K, non-exchangeable K, exchangeable K and solution K of the soils constituted 84.0, 11.3, 4.6 and 0.1% of the total K, respectively. Soils differ in the ability to supply potassium to the plants in the short to medium term, due to the wide range of parent material and the degree of soil weathering. When the soils were not fertilized with K, the successive cropping of plants resulted in a continuous process of depletion of non-exchangeable K and exchangeable K pools; however, this depletion was less pronounced in soils with higher potential buffer capacity of K. The concentrations of K non-exchangeable and exchangeable K were increased with the addition of potassium fertilizers, indicating the occurrence of K fixation in soil. After the second cropping, the soil exchangeable K levels remained constant with values of 141 and 36 mg kg–1, respectively, with and without the addition of K fertilizer, reflecting in establishing of a new dynamic equilibrium of K in the soil.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Rice Straw on Potassium Availability in Illite Containing Soils of Central Plain, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timtong DARUNSONTAYA ◽  
Wittaya JINDALUANG
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Straw Incorporation ◽  
K Release

Soil potassium (K) in various forms and the effect of rice straw on soil K release were studied in lowland soils containing illite clay minerals. Surface soils of 2 Inceptisols and 2 Alfisols were collected to study. Soil samples were incubated for 120 days with rice straw incorporation at different rates (0, 3,125, 6,250, and 9,375 kg/ha), and various forms of K in soils were determined at various times during the period of incubation. The results showed that the readily available K content (water-soluble K + exchangeable K) of the studied soils increased with the increasing rate of rice straw incorporation. In addition, non-exchangeable K content also increased with the increasing rate of rice straw incorporation by fixation process for all soils. The maximum increase of water-soluble K content of the studied soils was observed on the 4th day of incubation for all treatments, corresponding to the decrease of exchangeable K content at the same time. This result indicated that water-soluble K and exchangeable K were in equilibrium. Changes of non-exchangeable K content during the period of incubation through alternate release and fixation processes were observed monthly. This result suggested that most of the readily available K enhanced by rice straw incorporation would be beneficial for K uptake by the plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of Potassium on Soil Potassium Fractions and on Sugarcane Yield and Quality

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
A. Sireesha ◽  
CH. S. Ramalakshmi ◽  
T. Sreelatha
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Potassium Application

A Field experiment was conducted on effect of various levels of potassium application on soil potassium fractions and sugarcane yield at Regional Agricultural research station, Anakapalle, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment comprised six treatments and four replications in Randomized Block Design. The treatments comprised of T1:Control (0 K), T2:50% Recommended dose of Potassium (60 kg K/ha),T3:75% Recommended dose of Potassium (90 kg K/ha),T4:100% Recommended dose of Potassium (120 kg K/ha),T5:125% Recommended dose of Potassium (150 kg K/ha) and T6:150% Recommended dose of Potassium (180 kg K/ha). Results revealed that number of milliable cane, cane yield (t/ha) and sugar yield (t/ha) was found to be significantly high with treatment receiving 150% recommended dose of fertilizers (79855, 82.12 t/ha and 12.04 t/ha respectively), however, it was statistically on par with the treatments receiving  125% recommended dose of potassium fertilizers(79855,82.12 t/ha and 12.04 t/ha respectively) and 100% recommended dose of potassium fertilizers application (79315,81.86 t/ha and 11.57 t/ha respectively). Increasing levels of K significantly increased all the K fractions. However, highest value of water soluble K (29.5 mg kg-1 at 0-15 cm depth and 31.6 mg kg-1 at 15-30 cm ) exchangeable K (205 mg kg-1 at 0-15 cm depth and 228 mg kg-1 at 15-30 cm depth) non-exchangeable K (854 mg kg-1 at 0-15 cm depth and 971 mg kg-1 at 15-30 cm depth), lattice K (2110and 2381 mg kg-1 at 0-15 and 15-30 cm ) and total K (3267 and 3718 mg kg-1) were recorded with the application of with the application of 150% recommended dose of potassium application (180 kg ha-1) followed by application of 125% recommended dose of potassium application (150 kg ha-1) . The sequential order of dominance of different fractions of K were lattice K>nonexchangeable K> exchangeable K and water soluble K. The per cent contribution of different fractions of K to total K were followed in the order of lattice K (64.02 to 74.94% at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth), non-exchangeabl K (15.46 to 17.79% at 0-15 and 26.4 to 27.43 % 15-30 cm depth), exchangeable K (6.32 to 8.39% and 5.60 to 7.69% at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth), and water soluble K (0.81-0.90% and 0.69 to 0.85% at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depth) There exists positive and significant correlation among various K fractions indicating dynamic equilibrium.

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