scholarly journals Dropout in schema therapy for personality disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
İsmail Volkan Gülüm
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Outpatient Settings

Schema therapy (ST) is a relatively new, but promising, psychotherapy approach. Able to be implemented in both individual and group settings, research findings suggest that ST is a highly effective treatment for personality disorders. As in other treatments for personality disorders, some patients decide to drop out from treatment, feeling they did not benefit. To date, there has been no study in the literature that investigates the dropout rates across ST studies specifically. Consequently, this study systematically researched eight different ST studies in which dropout rates were reported. Together, these studies featured both individual and group therapy settings, inpatient and outpatient settings, and different personality disorder diagnoses. The weighted mean dropout rate was 23.3%, 95% CI (14.8-31.7%) across these studies. Although this finding is very similar to those meta-analyses that obtained their dropout rates from different orientations and diagnoses, namely psychotherapy in general, ST’s dropout rates might be significantly lower than studies that included personality disorders in particular.

A Machine Learning Approach to Detect Student Dropout at University

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3101-3107
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Random Forest Classifier ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Student Dropout ◽  
High Dropout Rate ◽  
Academic Plan

In universities, student dropout is a major concern that reflects the university's quality. Some characteristics cause students to drop out of university. A high dropout rate of students affects the university's reputation and the student's careers in the future. Therefore, there's a requirement for student dropout analysis to enhance academic plan and management to scale back student's drop out from the university also on enhancing the standard of the upper education system. The machine learning technique provides powerful methods for the analysis and therefore the prediction of the dropout. This study uses a dataset from a university representative to develop a model for predicting student dropout. In this work, machine- learning models were used to detect dropout rates. Machine learning is being more widely used in the field of knowledge mining diagnostics. Following an examination of certain studies, we observed that dropout detection may be done using several methods. We've even used five dropout detection models. These models are Decision tree, Naïve bayes, Random Forest Classifier, SVM and KNN. We used machine-learning technology to analyze the data, and we discovered that the Random Forest classifier is highly promising for predicting dropout rates, with a training accuracy of 94% and a testing accuracy of 86%.

scholarly journals Implementation of Remote Interventions in Older Adults: Lessons Learned During COVID-19 Isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 950-950
Author(s):  
Jamie Rincker ◽  
Jessica Wallis ◽  
Angela Fruik ◽  
Alyssa King ◽  
Kenlyn Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Electronic Submission ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

Abstract Recommendations for older adults to socially isolate during the COVID-19 pandemic will have lasting impacts on body weight and physical activity. Due to the pandemic, two in-person RCT weight-loss interventions in obese older adults with prediabetes, Veterans Achieving Weight Loss and Optimizing Resilience-Using Protein (VALOR-UP, n=12) and the Egg-Supplemented Pre-Diabetes Intervention Trial (EGGSPDITE, n=7), were converted to remote formats and weekly nutrition (EGGSPDITE and VALOR-UP) and exercise (VALOR-UP only) classes were delivered using synchronous videoconference technology (Webex); classes were accessed via tablet/desktop/laptop or smart phone. Steps taken to transition participants to remote formats included technology training, implementation of staff tech-support, and delivery of nutrition education, tablets, scales, and exercise bands. The time to successfully transition participants was 1 week for early adopters (n=10) and up to 4 weeks for those with significant technology barriers (n=9); their difficulties included internet access, camera and microphone access and use, and electronic submission of weight and food records. Even with these challenges, in the first 3 months of remote delivery, participant dropout rate was low (10.5%, n=2), attendance was high (87.6% nutrition class (n=19); 76.4% exercise class (VALOR-UP, n=12)), and weight loss was successful (>2.5% loss (n=13); >5% loss (n=8)), showing that lifestyle interventions can be successfully adapted for remote delivery. Remote interventions also have potential for use in non-pandemic times to reach underserved populations who often have high drop-out rates due to caretaker roles, transportation limitations, and work schedules. These barriers were significantly reduced using a virtual intervention platform.

Therapy discontinuation in a primary care psychological service: why patients drop out

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisan Ghaemian ◽  
Mahdi Ghomi ◽  
Miles Wrightman ◽  
Colm Ellis-Nee
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
List Type ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Therapy Services

Abstract The present study aimed to explore patients’ experience with an Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service, and to investigate the reasons for discontinuing their treatment. A qualitative approach was adopted using thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews carried out with 818 patients attending for treatment in Talking Change from November 2015 to January 2019, retrospectively. The five main themes that emerged from the study were: ‘Felt better’, ‘Issues with group settings’, ‘Therapeutic alliance breakdown’, ‘Miscommunication’ and ‘Impracticalities’. The qualitative study uncovered a wide range of reasons for people who had dropped out from their treatment. The findings mainly emphasised general dissatisfaction and inconvenient appointments. However, improvement in symptoms of depression and anxiety was also identified as a key factor among patients who discontinued their treatment. This recovery is known as ‘progress withdrawal’ in which patients withdraw from treatment early due to good therapeutic progress. We present clinical and procedural implications arising from these themes. Key learning aims (1) To explore what can cause discontinuation of therapy. (2) To obtain the experience of people who have received treatment and dropped out from Talking Change Psychological Therapy services. (3) To explore whether people recovered as part of the treatment withdrawal and what may have helped towards that recovery.

scholarly journals What we know, what we do not know, and where are we heading? Efficacy and acceptability of psychological interventions for depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Solomonov ◽  
J. P. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Interpersonal Therapy ◽  
Problem Solving Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Personalised Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
And Control

In the past several decades, increasing evidence supports the efficacy of psychotherapies for depression. The vast majority of findings from meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and naturalistic studies have demonstrated that well-established psychotherapies (behavioural activation, problem-solving therapy, psychodynamic therapy, cognitive-behavioural therapy, interpersonal therapy and emotion-focused therapy) are superior to no-treatment and control conditions, and are in most cases equally effective in treating depression. However, despite this abundant support for psychotherapies, studies have also consistently shown high drop-out rates, high percentages of non-respondent patients who experience treatment failures, and mixed findings regarding the enduring effects of psychotherapy. Thus, there is a need to develop more personalised treatment models tailored to patients’ needs. A new integrative sequential stepwise approach to the treatment of depression is suggested.

scholarly journals A Statistical Method for Synthesizing Meta-Analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liansheng Larry Tang ◽  
Michael Caudy ◽  
Faye Taxman
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Method ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Summary Effect ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Size Estimates ◽  
Similar Search

Multiple meta-analyses may use similar search criteria and focus on the same topic of interest, but they may yield different or sometimes discordant results. The lack of statistical methods for synthesizing these findings makes it challenging to properly interpret the results from multiple meta-analyses, especially when their results are conflicting. In this paper, we first introduce a method to synthesize the meta-analytic results when multiple meta-analyses use the same type of summary effect estimates. When meta-analyses use different types of effect sizes, the meta-analysis results cannot be directly combined. We propose a two-step frequentist procedure to first convert the effect size estimates to the same metric and then summarize them with a weighted mean estimate. Our proposed method offers several advantages over existing methods by Hemming et al. (2012). First, different types of summary effect sizes are considered. Second, our method provides the same overall effect size as conducting a meta-analysis on all individual studies from multiple meta-analyses. We illustrate the application of the proposed methods in two examples and discuss their implications for the field of meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Social quotas, affirmative actions, and dropout in the Business field: empirical analysis in a Brazilian federal university

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (73) ◽  
pp. 27-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Couto Campos ◽  
Thalyson Renan Bitencourt Machado ◽  
Gilberto José Miranda ◽  
Patrícia de Souza Costa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Social Cooperation ◽  
First Semester

ABSTRACT Rawls' Justice Theory establishes that a fair society must allow less advantaged people to have access to the benefits of social cooperation. In this line of thought, the affirmative actions established by Law 12,711/2012 aim at promoting inclusive education in Higher Education. Evaluating the performance of affirmative actions, specifically their impact on the dropout level, has been a theme of debate in scientific literature. Besides representing a personal frustration, dropout is associated with significant academic, social, and economic losses. In this context, this research aims at analyzing whether the adoption of affirmative actions, as established by Law 12,711/2012, affects the dropout rates of students in Accounting Sciences and other courses in the Business field. The study was conducted through documentary research in a Brazilian public Higher Education institution (HEI). The results of binomial analysis showed that out of the 2,418 students who entered in the first semester of 2013, 520 (22%) dropped out from university until the end of the first semester of 2014. It was found that the dropout rate among entrants in the Business field, either through broad competition or using the system of quotas, was 29%. In the course of Accounting Sciences, the dropout rate among entrants admitted through broad competition was 25% and using the system of quotas it was 23%. Contrary to other investigations, this study found that there is no statistical difference between the dropout rates among entrants in the Business and Accounting Sciences fields through broad competition and quotas, suggesting that affirmative actions do not affect significantly the dropout rates.

‘Teaching Me to Parent Myself’: The Feasibility of an In-Patient Group Schema Therapy Programme for Complex Trauma

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-478
Author(s):  
Rita Younan ◽  
Joan Farrell ◽  
Tamara May
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Schema Modes ◽  
Therapy Programme

Background: Group schema therapy is an emerging treatment for personality and other psychiatric disorders. It may be particularly suited to individuals with complex trauma given that early abuse is likely to create maladaptive schemas. Aims: This pilot study explored the feasibility and effectiveness of a 4-week in-patient group schema therapy programme for adults with complex trauma in a psychiatric hospital setting. Method: Thirty-six participants with complex trauma syndrome participated in this open trial. Treatment consisted of 60 hours of group schema therapy and 4 hours of individual schema therapy administered over 4 weeks. Feasibility measures included drop-out rates, qualitative interviews with participants to determine programme acceptability and measures of psychiatric symptoms, self-esteem, quality of life and schema modes pre-, post- and 3 months following the intervention. Results: Drop-out rate for the 4-week program was 11%. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts revealed four major themes: connection, mode language explained emotional states, identifying the origin of the problem and the emotional activation of the programme. Measures of psychiatric symptoms, self-esteem and quality of life showed improvement post-treatment and at 3 months post-treatment. There was a reduction in most maladaptive schema modes pre-/post-treatment. Conclusions: A group schema therapy approach for complex trauma is feasible and demonstrates positive effects on psychiatric symptoms and maladaptive schemas.

scholarly journals Girls and Young Women in Community Sport: A South Australian Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Drummond ◽  
Claire Drummond ◽  
Sam Elliott ◽  
Ivanka Prichard ◽  
Jamie-Lee Pennesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
School Students ◽  
Community Sport ◽  
Engagement And Disengagement

Girls' and young women's engagement and disengagement in physical activity has been well documented in Western culture. Sport plays a pivotal role in the development of behaviours that promote physical activity, particularly through commitment to team and individual goal attainment, socialisation, and feelings of belonging and self-identity. Community sport in Australia is the dominant pathway into state, national, and elite international competition. The importance of community sport in the lives of girls and young women cannot be overstated, irrespective of individual long-term sporting goals. Indeed, the dropout rate of girls in sports, like many other western cultures is significant and is certainly disproportionate to the numbers of boys who drop out. The present study aims to examine the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental influences on community sporting pathways for girls and young women. Using a mixed-methods design, we include survey data from 2,189 high-school students (aged 12–18 years) and focus group and individual interview data from a subset of 37 high-school students, parents, and teachers, across metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. The study included an examination of sporting practises and insights of male sport participants from the same age groups to juxtapose the findings and provide a more comprehensive understanding of girls' and young women's community sporting involvement. Parents and teachers were also included within the participant cohort to provide a comprehensive perspective. The results highlight the challenges that girls face with respect to engagement and disengagement in sport and particular points throughout their adolescent years. Recommendations are provided to help mitigate potential attrition of girls in sport in the future.

Are SSRIs a Cost-Effective Alternative to Tricyclics?

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Hotopf ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Charles Normand
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

BackgroundSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more expensive than tricyclics. Reports have suggested that SSRIs are cost-effective because they are better tolerated and safer in overdose.MethodA systematic review of all randomised controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and cost-effectiveness studies comparing SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs).ResultsNone of the RCTs provided an economic analysis and there were methodological problems in the majority which would preclude this approach. Meta-analyses suggest that clinical efficacy is equivalent but slightly fewer patients prescribed SSRIs drop out of RCTs. Cost-effectiveness studies have been based on crude ‘modelling’ approaches and over-estimate the difference in attrition rates and the cost of treatment failure. It appears impossible to evaluate the economic aspects of suicide because of its rarity.ConclusionsThere is no evidence to suggest that SSRIs are more cost-effective than TCAs. The debate will only be concluded when a prospective cost-effectiveness study is done in the setting of a large primary care based RCT.

Does Childhood Trauma Cause Personality Disorders in Adults?

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Paris
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To examine the relationship between trauma in childhood and personality disorders in adulthood. Method: A review of the literature was conducted. Results: The reported associations between trauma and personality pathology are illuminated by the following research findings: 1) personality is heritable; 2) only a minority of patients with severe personality disorders report childhood trauma; and 3) children are generally resilient, and traumatic experiences do not consistently lead to psychopathology. Conclusions: The role of trauma in the personality disorders is best understood in the context of gene–environment interactions.

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