scholarly journals Athletic Trainers' Knowledge Regarding Airway Adjuncts

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Edler ◽  
Lindsey E. Eberman ◽  
Leamor Kahanov ◽  
Christopher Roman ◽  
Heather Lynne Mata
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Perceived Knowledge ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
National Athletic Trainers Association ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
E Mail

Context Research suggests that knowledge gaps regarding the appropriate use of airway adjuncts exist among various health care practitioners, and that knowledge is especially limited within athletic training. Objective To determine the relationship between perceived knowledge (PK) and actual knowledge (AK) of airway adjunct use and the difference in PK after AK assessment. Design Knowledge assessment. Patients or Other Participants Two thousand athletic trainers received the survey via e-mail; 152 (7.6%) responded. Intervention(s) The AK assessment included 7 items based on the use and implementation of airway adjuncts based on the National Athletic Trainers' Association educational competencies. Perceived knowledge was measured using a well-established PK questionnaire, which also included 1 item to rate likelihood to pursue continuing education (CE). Main Outcome Measure(s) Perceived knowledge was compared pre- and posttest. Our demographic variables assessed how often lifesaving skills were used. We used total scores of the AK assessment to measure AK. We employed dependent t tests to determine the pre- and posttest differences in PK and likelihood to pursue CE. We used a correlation analysis to determine the relationship between PK and AK. We calculated separate analyses of variance to determine differences in AK between the frequencies of lifesaving skill use. Results We identified no significant change (t150 = −0.91, P = .37, 95% confidence interval = −0.17 to 0.06) in likelihood to pursue CE. Greater PK was weakly associated with greater AK (r = 0.36, P < .001). We found a significant difference (F1,145 = 4.63, P = .03, effect size = 0.031, 1 − β = 0.57) between the frequency of use of lifesaving skills and AK. Conclusion We identified a knowledge gap among athletic trainers in the use of airway adjuncts. Although the likelihood to pursue CE score was high, the score did not significantly increase after completing the assessment. Participants who use lifesaving skills more frequently scored higher on the AK assessment, suggesting that the more frequently athletic trainers utilize a skill, the more knowledgeable they are.

Frequency of Leadership Behaviors Among Athletic Trainers in University Settings

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Kutz ◽  
Jennifer Doherty-Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Leadership Behavior ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Training Context ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
University Settings

Context: Leadership has been reported to be an important factor in the practice of athletic training. However, no research has identified the frequency in which leadership is practiced by athletic trainers. Objective: To explore and compare the frequency with which athletic trainers practice leadership in their athletic training and non–athletic training roles. Setting: Survey design using athletic trainers in clinical and academic roles. Patients or Other Participants: One hundred one athletic trainers in university settings (69% program directors; 31% university-based clinicians), yielding a 12% response rate and a satisfactory effect size (d = 0.73); mean age of respondents was 41 ± 9.5 years, mean experience was 18 ± 9.0 years, and 98% of respondents had at least a master's degree. Main Outcome Measure(s): Frequency of leadership behavior by athletic trainers was assessed using the Frequency of Leadership in Athletic Training Scale (FLATS). Data on frequency of use were organized by different demographic variables and between athletic training roles and non–athletic training roles. Results: The FLATS psychometric analysis yielded satisfactory internal consistency and validity (α = 0.91 to 0.96; correlations ranged from r = 0.39 to r = 0.87, P ≤ .05; concurrent validity was supported by differences between scale items and selected demographic characteristics). Paired-samples t tests indicated significant differences between practice frequencies of leadership behaviors in athletic training roles when compared with out of athletic training roles (mean = 2.24 ± 0.33 versus 1.98 ± .38, P = .000). Furthermore, mean scores for 44 (of 47) FLATS items were significantly higher for in versus out of athletic training roles (P ≤ .05). Independent t tests showed significant differences between specific item frequencies among different variables (ranges: t43–99 = −3.290 to 3.339, P = .001 to .05). Conclusions: A majority (85%) of leadership behaviors are practiced frequently (often or always) by athletic trainers. Frequency of leadership behavior by athletic trainers decreases when they are not functioning in an athletic training context.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Doctoral Students' Perceptions of Mentorship During Their Doctoral Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Mazerolle ◽  
Thomas G. Bowman ◽  
Joanne C. Klossner
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Faculty Mentor ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
National Athletic Trainers Association ◽  
Athletic Training Faculty ◽  
The Relationship

Context Mentorship has been established as a key facilitator of professional socialization for athletic trainers into various professional roles. Understanding how current doctoral students are trained to serve in future faculty roles is critical, as there is an increased demand for athletic trainers to serve in this capacity. Objective Gain an understanding of the relationship that develops between a doctoral student and the athletic training faculty mentor. Design Qualitative study. Setting Universities with athletic training doctoral students. Patients or Other Participants Twenty-eight doctoral students (19 females, 9 males; average age = 28 ± 3 years) participated in our study. The doctoral students were certified for 6 ± 3 years and represented 5 different National Athletic Trainers' Association districts and 9 different universities. Main Outcome Measures One-on-one telephone interviews following a semistructured script were recorded with all participants. Upon completion, each interview was transcribed and analyzed using a thematic approach. Peer review, multiple analyst triangulation, and stakeholder checks ensured trustworthiness. Results Three themes emerged from our thematic analysis procedure: (1) The relationship between the student and the faculty mentor needs to be one that is supportive, yet viewed as yielding autonomy and collaboration; (2) the relationship between the student and the faculty mentor needs to include opportunities for professional development specifically related to skill acquisition and development related to a future academic role; and (3) the relationship between the student and the faculty mentor must demonstrate a mutual investment in the educational experience. Conclusions Mentoring is necessary to help ensure a quality experience for doctoral students preparing for future positions in higher education or research. Like previous research in socialization, doctoral students want autonomy in their roles, but value their mentor's feedback and support. Therefore, doctoral faculty mentors should demonstrate strong communication skills and provide doctoral students opportunities for diverse learning experiences.

Investigating the Personality Variable (LOC) & Impression Management Relationship: Exploring the Role of Demographic Variables & Sectoral Difference of Managers

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poornima Madan ◽  
Shalini Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Public Sector Organizations ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Correlation

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between locus of control and impression management. The study also examines the variation in locus of control dimensions namely, internality, externality (others) and externality (chance). It further investigates the difference on perception of demographic variables (gender and marital status) and sectoral difference on impression management. The study was administered on 125 Managers who were representatives of different private and public sector organizations in Delhi/NCR. Variables in the study were assessed using validated instruments. Descriptive Statistics, t-test, Correlation and Regression were used for data analysis. Organizations will be better prepared to dig into the arena of one of the personality variable, i.e. locus of control and its relationship with impression management. The current research is imperative in providing insights into role of personality variable (locus of control) and impression management, which will be one of the pioneer researches available till date. Moreover, the research will highlight the significance of locus of control dimensions and impression management.

4971Blood viscosity and its relevance to the diagnosis and management of pulmonary hypertension: a new elephant in the cathlab

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kempny ◽  
K Dimopoulos ◽  
A E Fraisse ◽  
G P Diller ◽  
L C Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is an essential parameter assessed during cardiac catheterization. It is used to confirm pulmonary vascular disease, to assess response to targeted pulmonary hypertension (PH) therapy and to determine the possibility of surgery, such as closure of intra-cardiac shunt or transplantation. While PVR is believed to mainly reflect the properties of the pulmonary vasculature, it is also related to blood viscosity (BV). Objectives We aimed to assess the relationship between measured (mPVR) and viscosity-corrected PVR (cPVR) and its impact on clinical decision-making. Methods We assessed consecutive PH patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. BV was assessed using the Hutton method. Results We included 465 patients (56.6% female, median age 63y). The difference between mPVR and cPVR was highest in patients with abnormal Hb levels (anemic patients: 5.6 [3.4–8.0] vs 7.8Wood Units (WU) [5.1–11.9], P<0.001; patients with raised Hb: 10.8 [6.9–15.4] vs. 7.6WU [4.6–10.8], P<0.001, respectively). Overall, 33.3% patients had a clinically significant (>2.0WU) difference between mPVR and cPVR, and this was more pronounced in those with anemia (52.9%) or raised Hb (77.6%). In patients in the upper quartile for this difference, mPVR and cPVR differed by 4.0WU [3.4–5.2]. Adjustment of PVR required Conclusions We report, herewith, a clinically significant difference between mPVR and cPVR in a third of contemporary patients assessed for PH. This difference is most pronounced in patients with anemia, in whom mPVR significantly underestimates PVR, whereas in most patients with raised Hb, mPVR overestimates it. Our data suggest that routine adjustment for BV is necessary.

Using Sentiment Analysis to Understand What Patients Are Saying About Hand Surgeons Online

Hand ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155894472110604
Author(s):  
Justin E. Tang ◽  
Varun Arvind ◽  
Christopher A. White ◽  
Calista Dominy ◽  
Jun S. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Physician Review ◽  
Bedside Manner ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expectation Management ◽  
Analysis Package ◽  
Sentiment Score ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Physician review websites have influence on a patient’s selection of a provider. Written reviews are subjective and difficult to quantitatively analyze. Sentiment analysis of writing can quantitatively assess surgeon reviews to provide actionable feedback for surgeons to improve practice. The objective of this study is to quantitatively analyze large subset of written reviews of hand surgeons using sentiment analysis and report unbiased trends in words used to describe the reviewed surgeons and biases associated with surgeon demographic factors. Methods: Online written and star-rating reviews of hand surgeons were obtained from healthgrades.com and webmd.com . A sentiment analysis package was used to calculate compound scores of all reviews. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to determine the relationship between demographic variables and average sentiment score of written reviews. Positive and negative word and word-pair frequency analysis was also performed. Results: A total of 786 hand surgeons’ reviews were analyzed. Analysis showed a significant relationship between the sentiment scores and overall average star-rated reviews ( r2 = 0.604, P ≤ .01). There was no significant difference in review sentiment by provider sex; however, surgeons aged 50 years and younger had more positive reviews than older ( P < .01). The most frequently used bigrams used to describe top-rated surgeons were associated with good bedside manner and efficient pain management, whereas those with the worst reviews are often characterized as rude and unable to relieve pain. Conclusions: This study provides insight into both demographic and behavioral factors contributing to positive reviews and reinforces the importance of pain expectation management.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis and Diabetes Mellitus: Further Evidence of a Relationship

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Warren ◽  
K.G. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Second Degree

SUMMARY:One hundred multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were compared to healthy controls to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in their families. Significantly, more MS patients than controls were diabetic or reported at least one first degree relative (parent, sibling, child) with diabetes. The relationship between MS and diabetes persisted when second degree relatives (grandparents, aunts and uncles) were taken into consideration.A greater percentage of MS patients with another MS relative were diabetic or reported a first degree relative with diabetes mellitus than MS patients without an MS relative. However the difference was not statistically significant. Nor was there a significant difference when percentages reporting either a first or a second degree relative with diabetes were compared.

Cardiorespiratory Responses During Underwater and Land Treadmill Exercise in College Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Brubaker ◽  
Cemal Ozemek ◽  
Alimer Gonzalez ◽  
Stephen Wiley ◽  
Gregory Collins
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
College Athletes ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Context:Underwater treadmill (UTM) exercise is being used with increased frequency for rehabilitation of injured athletes, yet there has been little research conducted on this modality.Objective:To determine the cardiorespiratory responses of UTM vs land treadmill (LTM) exercise, particularly with respect to the relationship between heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2).Design and Setting:This quantitative original research took place in sports medicine and athletic training facilities at Wake Forest University.Participants:11 Wake Forest University student athletes (20.8 ± 0.6 y, 6 women and 5 men).Intervention:All participants completed the UTM and LTM exercise-testing protocols in random order. After 5 min of standing rest, both UTM and LTM protocols had 4 stages of increasing belt speed (2.3, 4.9, 7.3, and 9.6 km/h) followed by 3 exercise stages at 9.6 km/h with increasing water-jet resistance (30%, 40%, and 50% of jet capacity) or inclines (1%, 2%, and 4% grade).Main Outcome Measures:A Cosmed K4b2 device with Polar monitor was used to collect HR, ventilation (Ve), tidal volume (TV), breathing frequency (Bf), and VO2 every minute. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were also obtained each minute.Results:There was no significant difference between UTM and LTM for VO2 at rest or during any stage of exercise except stage 3. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between UTM and LTM for HR, Ve, Bf, and RPE on any exercise stage. Linear regression of HR vs VO2, across all stages of exercise, indicates a similar relationship in these variables during UTM (r = .94, y = .269x − 10.86) and LTM (r = .95, y = .291x − 12.98).Conclusions:These data indicate that UTM and LTM exercise elicits similar cardiorespiratory responses and that HR can be used to guide appropriate exercise intensity for college athletes during UTM.

scholarly journals Migraine in Obesity: Is It Prevalent?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aso Sabir Saeed ◽  
◽  
Osama MohammadAmin Shukr
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Migraine Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Keywords Migraine ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and migraine. It’s still unclear whether migraine is the cause or it's the result of obesity. Objective: We investigated the prevalence of migraine among obese and non-obese individuals and analyzed the relationship between migraine prevalence and obesity. Patients and Methods: This is cross-sectional observational study was carried out at the neurology outpatients’ department of the Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, from July 1st , 2018 to September 30, 2019. We interviewed and examined 300 persons, both obese (n=154) and non-obese (n=146), and of both gender. All of them were adults (>18 years old). Each person's weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were measured.The diagnosis of migraine was made according to the International Headache Society’s criteria. Obesity was present if the individual’s BMI is ≥30 and/or waist-to-hip ratio is >0.9 in females and >1.0 in males. Results: Out of the 300 persons, 14 males (8.5%) got migraines while migraine was found in 37 females (27.4%), irrespective of their weight. Out of the 300 persons, the prevalence of migraine among obese individuals was 21.4% (n=33) and while in non-obese individuals was 12.3% (n=18). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p-value=0.045). The overall prevalence of migraine was 16.9% of the persons interviewed. Conclusion: The results showed that migraine is more prevalent among obese persons than non-obese persons and the difference was statistically significant. Keywords: Migraine, obesity, BMI, headache

scholarly journals Certified Athletic Trainers' Knowledge of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Common Disinfectants

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leamor Kahanov ◽  
Elizabeth J. Gilmore ◽  
Lindsey E. Eberman ◽  
Jeffrey Roberts ◽  
Tamar Semerjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Certified Athletic Trainers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
National Athletic Trainers Association

Context: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are increasingly common in athletic settings. The MRSA knowledge and infection-control practices of certified athletic trainers (ATs) and the cleanliness of the athletic training room are important factors in preventing MRSA infections. Objective: To assess knowledge of MRSA and the use of common disinfectants among ATs and to explore their infection-control practices. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: High school and collegiate athletic training rooms. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 163 ATs from National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I, II, and III and high schools, representing all 10 National Athletic Trainers' Association districts. Main Outcome Measure(s): Frequencies, analyses of variance, and χ2 tests were used to assess current practices and opinions and relationships between factors. Results: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was perceived as a national problem by 92% of respondents; 57% perceived MRSA as a problem in their practice setting. Most respondents had treated general infections (88%), staphylococcal infections (75%), and MRSA infections (57%). Male sex was associated with treating all 3 types of infections (χ2 test, P &lt; .05). Noncurriculum education was associated with a lack of recognition of environmental issues as risk factors and with the use of isopropyl alcohol for disinfection (χ2 test, P &lt; .05). For example, 10% of respondents did not recognize that contaminated whirlpools can be a source of MRSA infection. Respondents also incorrectly identified effective cleaning solutions. Thirty percent of respondents cleaned their hands frequently or sometimes before treating each athlete and 35% cleaned their hands sometimes, occasionally, or never after seeing each athlete. Conclusions: The majority of ATs were informed about MRSA and made correct disinfection choices. However, improvements are still needed, and not all ATs were using proper disinfection practices.

The relationship between CSR disclosure and competitive advantage

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Cheng Yu ◽  
Lopin Kuo ◽  
Mao-Feng Kao
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Signaling Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Csr Strategies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strategic Csr ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to apply signaling theory to examine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure can deliver effective signals to stakeholders to increase a firm’s competitive advantage in China. Whether ownership patterns or environmental sensitivity causes a significant difference in the relationship between a firm’s CSR disclosure and competitive advantage is also examined. Design/methodology/approach Data analysis is based on a regression model. Content analysis is performed to convert qualitative CSR information of Chinese firms into quantitative data, while intellectual capital (IC) is used as a proxy variable for competitive advantage. Findings The difference in competitive advantage impairment between environmentally sensitive industries (ESIs) and non-environmentally sensitive industries (NESIs) is significant. Further comparisons on the relationship between overall CSR disclosure and competitive advantage among state-owned enterprises, privately owned enterprises, ESIs and NESIs suggest that the relationship is negative. Research limitations/implications The study extends research of strategic CSR to signaling theory and competitive advantage. In particular, a research using IC as a proxy for competitive advantage is rare. It also contributes to the literature on competitive advantage and strategic CSR by examining the effects of both CSR disclosure and IC. Originality/value This paper provides evidence related to stakeholders’ reaction to managers’ various CSR strategies in China. The contribution of this study is that it confirms that different CSR initiatives have different effects on the competitiveness of enterprises in China.

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