scholarly journals A framework for understanding the role of culture in entrepreneurship

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Urban
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Business ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Business Regulations ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: Synthesising research findings on business regulations, culture, self, and entrepreneurship, this article provides a broad overview of the potential patterns of relationships between cultural values, personal and contextual factors, and entrepreneurial outcomes. Theories of entrepreneurship where either environmental or personality variables have been specified as unique predictors of entrepreneurship are investigated to determine whether they capture the complexity of entrepreneurial action that encompasses the interaction of environmental, cognitive, and behavioural variables. Emphasis is also placed on the South African business environment, where business regulations that may enhance or constrain new business activity are analysed. Design/Methodology/Approach: Building on previous conceptualisations and empirical findings, the article identifies salient antecedents and consequences of venture creation from established literature. A framework is then proposed, building on previous findings to approach the interaction between the multiple interacting influences on entrepreneurship more systematically.Findings: Principal literature reviews indicate that, despite SA's apparent favourable regulatory environment, low entrepreneurial activity persists, and understanding the interplay between culture, self, context and entrepreneurship remains imperative for policymakers and practitioners. In the proposed model, cultural values affect the perception of an individual resulting in key entrepreneurial outcomes; culture is depicted as a moderator in the relationship between contextual factors (business regulations) and entrepreneurial outcomes, and acts as a catalyst rather than a causal agent of entrepreneurial outcomes. Limitations include lack of any causal inferences, and thus directionality between the variables which are not fully explored or empirical tested.Implications: Implications for policymakers encouraging entrepreneurship in SA, are that the complexity of factors involved in enhancing or constraining entrepreneurship should be given due consideration, without any one set of variables overshadowing the other factors. Entrepreneurs, educators, and consultants all benefit from a better understanding of how various factors merge into the intent to start a business. Training entrepreneurs to be aware of the multiple influencing factors will raise their level of sophistication and ability to correctly gauge opportunities. Originality/Value: Since no unified theme exists regarding the relationship between culture / self / context and entrepreneurship, the synthesis of the variables proposed in this framework offers an introductory roadmap to guide future research. Taking the multiplicity of variables and dimensions influencing entrepreneurial activity even further, the article provides crucial insights of how entrepreneurial outcomes are determined in a SA context; such models are essential for real advances in the emerging field of entrepreneurship.

Antecedent and employee well-being outcomes of perceived benefits schemes: a two-wave study

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qijie Xiao ◽  
Fang Lee Cooke ◽  
Felix Mavondo ◽  
Greg J. Bamber
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Job Involvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of the research is to examine the antecedent and employee well-being outcomes of employees' perceptions of benefits schemes.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using both paper-based and web-based questionnaires over two time points (one month apart). The sample included 281 participants in eight companies in China. Structural equation modelling was employed to investigate the relationship between Chinese traditionality, perceived benefits schemes, job involvement and emotional exhaustion.FindingsChinese traditionality is an antecedent of employees' perceptions of benefits schemes. Perceived benefits schemes are negatively associated with emotional exhaustion. Moreover, job involvement mediates the relationship between perceived benefits schemes and emotional exhaustion.Research limitations/implications The data were collected in eight manufacturing companies in China, which may raise concerns about the generalisability of findings across industries, nations and cultures. Larger, more representative and cross-contextual samples are needed for future research to test the results further.Practical implicationsManagers should anticipate that employees with different cultural values may develop dissimilar perceptions of the same benefits schemes. Hence, managers need to communicate the benefits schemes to distinct employee groups in different ways.Originality/valueBased on the conservation of resources model, this research offers theoretical insights into the mechanisms through which perceived benefits schemes influence employee health well-being. In addition, this research tests an antecedent of perceived benefits schemes.

scholarly journals Psychological Safety in Ghana: Empirical Analyses of Antecedents and Consequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mavis Agyemang Opoku ◽  
Suk Bong Choi ◽  
Seung-Wan Kang
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines psychological safety as a mediator in the relationship between Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) and voice behavior. Based on the conservation of resources theory, a moderated mediation framework was used to examine human capital investments, specifically employee education and tenure, as boundary conditions of this relationship. The research hypotheses were tested with a sample of 207 employee-supervisor dyads working in a time-lagged design. The study found that psychological safety is an intermediary mechanism through which LMX affects voice behavior. Employees’ level of education negatively moderates the relationship between LMX and psychological safety. Furthermore, the results suggest that organizational tenure accentuates the relationship between LMX and psychological safety, and strengthens the indirect effect of LMX on voice behavior. The theoretical contributions and managerial implications are discussed in addition to directions for future research.

Power advantage: antecedents and consequences in supplier–retailer relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1323-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Shinn Low ◽  
Cheng Ta Li
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
Trust Company ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personal Interests

Purpose The research indicates that relatively powerful firms exploit their advantages to damage their weaker partners. However, how power can be abused by advantaged firms remains unclear. This study aims to examine the relationship between power advantage and abuse of power and whether the power advantage mediates the relationship between dependence and personal interests and between trust and company performance. Design/methodology/approach A total of 130 retailers in Taiwan were investigated. Partial least squares regression was performed to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The results of this study show that power-advantaged firms are more likely to abuse their power; however, the purposes are more for their company performance than for personal interests. Power advantage has different mediating effects on the dependence–personal interests and trust–company performance relationships. Research limitations/implications Considering both time and cost limitations, this study investigated one aspect of the retailer–supplier dyad in northern Taiwan. The samples collected may be influenced by the nature of the industry and sampling method, possibly limiting the generalizability of the research results. Practical implications This study can help channel managers with a power advantage to have an improved understanding of their salespersons’ behavioral patterns, particularly gaining personal interests from customers. Originality/value This study expands the understanding of the antecedents and consequences of power advantages in supplier–retailer relationships. It also highlights in specific institutional arrangements, the weaker parties’ efforts to endure their counterparts’ use of their power advantage to serve their personal interests. Future research may analyze abuse of power by expanding research to other industries and different cultural contexts.

Urban Spatial Structure and Travel in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingqian Hu ◽  
Jiawen Yang ◽  
Tianren Yang ◽  
Yuanjie Tu ◽  
Jing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Complex Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

This article first provides a critical scoping review of empirical literature on the relationship between urban structure and travel in China. The review finds that residential suburbanization alone increases travel, polycentric development has mixed effects, and jobs–housing balance reduces travel. Second, this article compares the empirical findings of the urban structure–travel relationships in China with those observed in other countries, and it identifies contextual factors that can explain the differing relationships in China. We suggest that future research improve data and methodology and broaden the research scope to investigate the complex mechanisms that affect the urban structure–travel relationship in China.

National cultural values, sustainability beliefs, and organizational initiatives

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine Tata ◽  
Sameer Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Sustainability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainability Practices ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Organizations are implementing sustainability initiatives in different countries with varied socio-cultural systems. The literature on sustainability, however, does not present a clear picture of how national culture can influence interpretations of the meaning of sustainability and how these differences in interpretation can result in different sustainability practices. The purpose of this paper is to build upon the current literature by identifying mechanisms (i.e. sustainability beliefs and perceptions) that mediate the relationship between national cultural values and organizational sustainability initiatives. Design/methodology/approach – The authors examine the literature on culture and sustainability practices, and develop a conceptual model that identifies how cultural values influence the sustainability initiatives of organizations. Several propositions are identified that specify relationships among the constructs, and guidelines are provided for testing the model in future research. Findings – The model posits that national culture influences sustainability beliefs and perceptions, which in turn influence the quantity and scope of sustainability initiatives. The relationship between sustainability beliefs and organizational sustainability initiatives is moderated by sustainability orientation and organizational capacity. Originality/value – The model can help researchers and practitioners better understand the meaning of sustainability in the context of international business by identifying the mechanisms that explain the link between culture and sustainability. It can also help researchers generate hypotheses for future research. Finally, the model can guide multinational corporations attempting to drive sustainability programs through their subsidiaries as well as international developmental agencies trying to develop programs in partnership with local non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

Accessibility, Security, Trust, Service Quality, and Satisfaction the Most Significant Antecedents Affects Online Banking Users

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 4985-4990
Author(s):  
Jamal Mohammed Esmail Alekam ◽  
Sany Sanuri bin Mohd. Mokhtar ◽  
Salniza Bt Md. Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Banking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Electronic Document ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
The Relationship

Online banking adoption among young generation, antecedents, and consequences is the current and important issue, therefore the objective of this research is to analysis, the antecedents and consequences of Intention and Satisfaction that affect online banking adoption. This research was carried out because lack of studies in this area, however, this research have examined the influence of security, trust, on the intention to use online banking and examine the relationship between intention to use online banking and adoption of online banking. In addition satisfaction on the adoption of online banks among young generation. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed in the data analysis. The findings revealed a strong significant relationship between the variables. The study concludes with a discussion on the contributions, limitations as well as suggestions for future research. This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet.

Digital Marketing Strategies Based on the E-Business Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Ramon Saura ◽  
Pedro R. Palos-Sanchez ◽  
Marisol B. Correia
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Key Players ◽  
New Business ◽  
New Business Models

One of the most significant changes in the last decade in the business environment has been caused by the development of information technologies and the internet. The internal structure and organization of companies has changed to evolve towards a digital environment influenced by internet business models and digital marketing (DM) techniques. This chapter develops a systematic literature review with the objective of identifying the key players in the business environment with respect to the new business models and digital marketing techniques applied to them, to improve the benefits they bring to the company. The results of the research identify and define the main actors of the electronic commerce (EC) ecosystem, as well as their typologies and the main techniques of DM used in this field of research. The results of the exploratory study can be used for future research in this field and to reinforce the reference bibliography in this area of research.

An Analysis of the Effect of e-Government Readiness on Business Climate, Corruption Perception, and the Rate of New Entrepreneurs

2013 ◽  
pp. 234-253
Author(s):  
Deborah Moraes Zouain ◽  
Gustavo De Oliveira Almeida ◽  
Emilia Mathilde Moraes Zouain Sato
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to understand the relationship between e-government, business climate, corruption perception and its impact in the entrepreneurial activity. Data was collected from various databases, for the years 2008, 2010 and 2012, using panel data. The reports used were The Doing Business Report from World Bank, E-Government Survey from the United Nations, Corruption Perception Index by Transparence International and entrepreneurship data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. After joining the databases, correlation analysis and panel least squares regressions were performed. The results indicate that when a country is more “e-gov” ready, it may have a more dynamic business sector and less perception of corruption. The probable causes of the relationships are discussed, including suggestions for an integrative approach to allow developing countries to diminish the gap of e-government readiness. Future research to understand the difference of impact of e-government in developed and developing countries are also suggested.

Relationship Quality in Services

2013 ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Pinelopi Athanasopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environment Effect ◽  
Single Dimension ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Development And Evolution

In today’s highly competitive environment, the development of successful relationships with customers is considered a significant competitive advantage. Thus, the maintenance and enhancement of Relationship Quality (RQ) becomes critical for service providers. This chapter aims to analyse the concept of RQ and its antecedents and consequences in the area of services, account for its development and evolution through the last 2 decades, identify the developmental trends in the literature, and offer directions for future research. The field has become more specialised with age and the only area of convergence is the use of trust, satisfaction, and commitment as dimensions of RQ. However, lately RQ is conceptualised as a single dimension concept based on buyer’s perception. Researchers use antecedents that are buyer-related, seller-related, or relationship-related, and the most important consequence investigated is customer loyalty. Lately, RQ research emphasises the importance of the environment effect (technology, economy, culture, etc.), is focusing on multi-industry or multi-country studies, and investigates the relationship of RQ with other major concepts such as service quality.

Mother nature’s son?

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Hechavarría
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Covariance Structure ◽  
Gender Socialization ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level

Purpose Drawing on the multiplicity of context approach, this study investigates whether female entrepreneurs are more likely than male entrepreneurs to create environmentally oriented organizations. This study aims to examine how context, measured by gender socialization stereotypes and post-materialism, differentially affects the kinds of organizations entrepreneurs choose to create. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypotheses, this study utilizes Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data from 2009 (n = 17,364) for nascent entrepreneurs, baby businesses owners and established business owners in 47 counties. This study also utilizes the World Values Surveys to measure gender ideologies and post-materialist cultural values at the country level. To test the hypotheses, a logistic multi-level model is estimated to identify the drivers of environmental venturing. Data are nested by countries, and this allows random intercepts by countries with a variance components covariance structure. Findings Findings indicate that female entrepreneurs are more likely to engage in ecological venturing. Societies with high levels of post-materialist national values are significantly more likely to affect female entrepreneurs to engage in environmental ventures when compared to male entrepreneurs. Moreover, traditional gender socialization stereotypes decrease the probability of engaging in environmental entrepreneurship. Likewise, female entrepreneurs in societies with strong stereotypes regarding gender socialization will more likely engage in environmental entrepreneurship than male entrepreneurs. Research limitations/implications The present study uses a gender analysis approach to investigate empirical differences in environmental entrepreneurial activity based on biological sex. However, this research assumes that gender is the driver behind variations in ecopreneurship emphasis between the engagement of males and females in venturing activity. The findings suggest that female entrepreneurs pursuing ecological ventures are more strongly influenced by contextual factors, when compared to male entrepreneurs. Future research can build upon these findings by applying a more nuanced view of gender via constructivist approaches. Originality/value This study is one of the few to investigate ecologically oriented ventures with large-scale empirical data by utilizing a 47-country data set. As a result, it begins to open the black box of environmental entrepreneurship by investigating the role of gender, seeking to understand if men and women entrepreneurs equally engage in environmental venturing. And it responds to calls that request more research at the intersection of gender and context in terms of environmental entrepreneurship.

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