scholarly journals Effect of clenbuterol on growth, nitrogen and energy balances and endocrine status in food-restricted sheep : research communication

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Cardoso ◽  
O. Taveira
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Serra Da Estrela ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Energy Maintenance

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the b2-adrenoceptor clenbuterol on food-restricted sheep. Clenbuterol was administered as a dietary admixture (4 mg/ kg diet) to a group of male Serra da Estrela sheep (n = 6).The animals were housed individually in metabolic cages and fed for 45 days at 65 % of estimated requirement for energy maintenance. An untreated group with the same energy intake level was included as a control. Changes in body mass, nitrogen and energy balances and insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and triiodothyronine (T3) levels in the experimental animals were monitored. During the 4th week of the trial, clenbuterol-treated sheep showed increased mass gains, greater energy retention and serum IGF-1 levels and decreased T3 serum concentrations. This study showed that clenbuterol may induce a protective effect in sheep subjected to periods of food deprivation, based on the body mass and digestible energy effects manifested by treated animals.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 is correlated with low density lipoprotein cholesterol in normal subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
K D Hopkins ◽  
E D Lehmann ◽  
J R Parker ◽  
R G Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Igf I

Abstract Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been inversely associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in normal women with slightly elevated cholesterol levels and hypothyroid women. More than 95% of IGF-I circulates bound to binding proteins (IGFBPs); of these IGFBP-1 is of particular interest as it is inversely regulated by insulin and is thought to inhibit the action of IGF-I and IGF-II. We examined the relationship between IGFBP-1 and LDL cholesterol in 41 healthy adult subjects. LDL cholesterol correlated with the body mass index (r=0·40, P<0·01), sex (r=0·51, P<0·001) and IGFBP-1 levels (r=0·36, P<0·02). LDL cholesterol did not correlate with age (r=0·25, P=not significant) or IGF-I (r=0·06, P=not significant). Upon multivariate regression analysis, sex, body mass index and IGFBP-1 were all independent predictors of LDL cholesterol (all P<0·05). Elevated IGFBP-1 levels have been associated with an inhibition of serum IGF-I bioactivity in children with insulin-dependent diabetes. IGFBP-1 also appears to inhibit IGF-I hexose-stimulated uptake. IGFBP-1 may also be inhibiting the effect of IGFs on the cellular metabolism of LDL cholesterol. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 140, 521–524

scholarly journals Concentration of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I and immunoglobulin G class in blood of neonatal calves of different body mass at birth

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Horea Samanc ◽  
Natalija Fratric ◽  
Dragan Gvozdic ◽  
Slavca Hristov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Neonatal Life ◽  
Igf I

The objective of this work was to examine whether concentrations of cortisol, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and immunoglobulin G class (IgG), in fact blood parameters which are believed to be of extreme importance in the postnatal survival of calves, are dependant on the body mass of calves at birth. Investigations were performed on 12 newborn calves of the Holstein-Friesian breed, placed into two groups on the grounds of their body mass at birth. The first group (n=6) comprised calves whose body mass was more than 35 kg at birth (41.67?3.08 kg), while the second group (n=6) comprised calves whose body mass at birth was less than 35 kg (32.00?3.58 kg). Blood samples were taken immediately preceding the consuming of colostrum, as well as at 32 hours of neonatal life. Cortisol and IGF-I concentrations were determined in blood serum samples taken immediately before colostrum consumption, while IgG concentration was determined in the samples taken 32 hours after the birth of the calves. The cortisol concentration in calves born with a greater body mass (61.51?32.78 nmol/l) was lower (p=0.052) than in calves born with a smaller body mass (94.89?17.74 nmol/l). A significant negative correlation (r= -0.592; p<0.05) was established between the body mass of calves at birth and the cortisol concentration. The IGF-I concentration determined immediately following birth in calves with a greater boy mass at birth (10.17?1.71 nmol/l) was statistically significantly higher (p<0.05) in comparison with calves born with a smaller body mass (7.04?1.15 nmol/l). There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.519; p<0.10) between the body mass of calves at birth and the IGF-I concentration. Thirty-two hours following birth, the IgG concentration in blood serum of calves born with a bigger body mass (18.72?1.99 g/l) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in calves born with a smaller body mass (11.68?4.79 g/l). A significant positive correlation was established between the body mass of calves at birth and the IgG concentration determined at 32 hours of neonatal life (r = 0.620; p<0.05). The obtained results point to the conclusion that calves of body mass over 35 kg at birth are better adapted to the conditions of the outer environment in comparison with calves born with a body mass of less than 35 kg. .

scholarly journals Body mass, spleen mass and level of thyroid hormones in juvenile hypothyroid rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Dragutin Roksandic ◽  
Marija Simic ◽  
Anita Radovanovic ◽  
Dusan Gledic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Juvenile Rats ◽  
Early Juvenile ◽  
Early Juvenile Period ◽  
Spleen Mass

In this paper, the effect of hypothyroidism on body mass and spleen mass of rats was examined during the prenatal and early juvenile periods. Hypothyroidism was induced by the application of propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water to the mothers from the first day of gravidity and during lactation, and the offspring were sacrificed on the 14th and 21st days after birth. The body mass of the juvenile rats was measured just before they were sacrificed. The concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in blood serum were determined in control and treated juvenile rats. The results indicate that PTU leads to a reduction in T3 and T4 serum concentrations in treated juvenile rats. Treated juvenile rats had a bigger body mass and spleen mass in comparison with control animals. These data indicate that hypothyroidism induced in the prenatal and early juvenile period leads to an increase in the body mass and spleen mass and disrupts the normal development of the spleen in the course of the examined period. .

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN PROSTATE OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE RATS UNDER IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
S A Kaschenko ◽  
A A Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Level Height

Aim. To establish the structural changes in the prostate of reproductive experimental animals in conditions of long immunosuppression. Materials and methods. Sixty white rats of reproductive age were studied. The state of immunosuppression was modeled with intramuscular introduction of cyclophosphamide in the dose of 1.5 mg/kg of the body mass during 10 days. Linear sizes and volume of the organ were determined. At the microscopic level, height and width of epithelial cells, their volume as well as large and small diameters and cell nuclei volumes were determined. Results. In response to long immunosuppressive impact, organometric indices of the prostate both in the early (on days 7, 15) and late (on day 30) observation periods decreased owing to indirect cytotoxic impact of cyclophosphamide on the glandular and stromal components of the organ. Conclusions. The decreased values of linear-volumetric micromorphometric indices within the same observation periods confirm the dynamics of organometric parameters of the gland and prove intensive response of the organ at micro-and-submicroscopic level.

191: Does the Body Mass Index Affect the Outcome Following Reconstruction of Orthotopic Neobladder?

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
Murugesan Manoharan ◽  
Martha A. Reyes ◽  
Alan M. Nieder ◽  
Bruce R. Kava ◽  
MarkS Soloway
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Orthotopic Neobladder

EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Subramanyam ◽  
Dr. P. Subhash Babu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Group B

Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as “A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affected”. Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory manoeuvre starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. The aim of the study is to see the effect of body mass index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values in young adults. The place of a study was done tertiary health care centre, in India for the period of 6 months. Study was performed on 80 subjects age group 20 -30 years, categorised as normal weight BMI =18.5 -24.99 kg/m2 and overweight BMI =25-29.99 kg/m2. There were 40 normal weight BMI (Group A) and 40 over weight BMI (Group B). BMI affects PEFR. Increase in BMI decreases PEFR. Early identification of risk individuals prior to the onset of disease is imperative in our developing country. Keywords: BMI, PEFR.

Physical fitness of people with moderate and considerable intellectual disabilities

Physiotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Ślężyńska ◽  
Grzegorz Mięsok ◽  
Kamila Mięsok
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Abdominal Muscle Strength

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of the physical activity of the intellectually disabled is the strengthening of health, creating movement habits, promoting active recreation, and maintaining exercise capacity. Skillfully applied physical activity allows to mitigate the effects of pathology and create the compensations to enable the intellectually disabled people to live relatively independently. Physical activity and sport also increase their chances to integrate with their families, peers, and social environment.Materials and methods: The research targeted a group of 134 people with moderate or considerable intellectual disability (65 women and 69 men), aged 20-53 years, who participated in occupational therapy workshops in Jastrzębie Zdrój, Rybnik, and Żory. Physical fitness was assessed using the “Eurofit Special” test and balance tests. Measurements of body height and mass were also taken and then used to calculate the body mass index (BMI).Results: A salient somatic trait was the greater body mass relative to height among the persons with considerable disability, clearly illustrated by the BMI. This explained their greater heaviness in performing physical exercises. An even greater difference between participants with moderate and considerable intellectual disability was visible in physical fitness. Obviously, older persons did not achieve as good results in fitness tests as the younger ones, yet the participants were more differentiated by the level of disability than age. Most symptomatic differences to the disadvantage of the considerably disabled were observed in explosive strength, speed, abdominal muscle strength, and flexibility.Conclusions: Significant differences in fitness between the compared groups make it necessary to take into account the level of intellectual disability in the course of physical education and sport, at work, and in household duties.

Visual body processing’s associations to Body Mass Index and internalization of societal beauty ideals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Cazzato ◽  
Elizabeth Walters ◽  
Cosimo Urgesi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Configural Processing ◽  
Cultural Ideals ◽  
Beauty Ideals ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Processing Mechanisms ◽  
Attention To Detail

We examined whether visual processing mechanisms of the body of conspecifics are different in women and men and whether these rely on westernised socio-cultural ideals and body image concerns. Twenty-four women and 24 men performed a visual discrimination task of upright or inverted images of female or male bodies and faces (Experiment 1) and objects (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, both groups of women and men showed comparable abilities in the discrimination of upright and inverted bodies and faces. However, the genders of the human stimuli yielded different effects on participants’ performance, so that male bodies and female faces appeared to be processed less configurally than female bodies and male faces, respectively. Interestingly, altered configural processing for male bodies was significantly predicted by participants’ Body Mass Index (BMI) and their level of internalization of muscularity. Our findings suggest that configural visual processing of bodies and faces in women and men may be linked to a selective attention to detail needed for discriminating salient physical (perhaps sexual) cues of conspecifics. Importantly, BMI and muscularity internalization of beauty ideals may also play a crucial role in this mechanism.

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