scholarly journals Incidental Mycobacterium-induced granulomatous inflammation of the follicular pharyngeal tonsils in a South African farmed ostrich (Struthio camelus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina R. Crole ◽  
John T. Soley ◽  
Sarah J. Clift
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Spp ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Avian mycobacteriosis (AM) is a zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC), which can spread from avians to other farmed animals such as cattle and pigs as well as to humans. This study is the first report of granulomatous inflammation, as a result of avian mycobacteriosis, in the follicular pharyngeal tonsils of a farmed ostrich. The head of an apparently healthy farmed adult ostrich was obtained after slaughter. Each pharyngeal fold displayed a large tissue mass. This tissue was routinely prepared for light microscopy and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff, Grocott methenamine silver, Gram and Ziehl-Neelsen. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to identify Mycobacterium spp. and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, respectively. Histologically, the tissue masses consisted of confluent mature micro-granulomata that were characterised by central caseous necrosis surrounded by multinucleated giant cells, macrophages and lymphoid cells and an outer mature fibrous connective tissue capsule. Within some foci of caseous necrosis were variably sized colonies of small, Gram-negative, acid-fast bacilli, which showed positive IHC labelling for Mycobacterium spp., leading to a presumptive diagnosis of AM. PCR thus proved useful in excluding the presence of notifiable Mycobacteriumspp. The significance and role of the pharyngeal tonsils of ratites in diseases such as AM warrant specific attention. Moreover, as ratites are known to present with AM infections with apparently no visible loss in body condition, as presumably occurred in the present case, it is imperative that unusual masses in apparently healthy ratites be thoroughly investigated.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Sarcoidosis Mimicking Peritoneal Tuberculosis and Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Brittany N. Robles ◽  
Catherine Shea ◽  
Ghadir Salame
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that affects one or multiple organs, most commonly the lungs and lymph nodes. This disease can present in a variety of ways which often makes diagnosis difficult. A 54-year-old postmenopausal African American female with a history of omental carcinomatosis of unknown origin was referred to the gynecology-oncology service at a local community hospital following a laparoscopic incarcerated hernia repair where multiple abdominal lesions suspicious of ovarian carcinomatosis were visualized. She was brought to the operating room for a diagnostic laparoscopy at which point the intra-abdominal survey revealed white tubercle-like lesions that were consistent with peritoneal tuberculosis. The lesions were excised and sent to pathology. The omentum biopsy was originally reported as adipose tissue showing focal fibrosis, focal mild acute inflammation, few cyst formation, and multiple granulomatous chronic inflammation, with multinucleated giant cells. Periodic acid-Schiff stain and acid fast bacilli stain were negative, and a diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis was made. The patient was started on an antituberculosis treatment regimen; however, she was not improving. The pathology slides were reexamined and revealed nonnecrotizing granulomatous inflammation consistent with sarcoidosis. The patient was immediately referred to the department of pulmonology and rheumatology, at which point she was started on corticosteroids and had an improvement in her condition.

scholarly journals Pathology of cutaneous blastomycosis in a cat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Vetnizah Juniantito ◽  
Eva Harlina ◽  
. Jumari ◽  
Vici Eko Handayani ◽  
Iis Ismawati
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Skin Biopsy ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Granulomatous Dermatitis ◽  
Type Giant ◽  
Epidermal Necrosis

Cats are common as pet animals in Indonesia and live in close vicinity of human neighborhood, which make them potential for transmitting diseases to human. Blastomycosis is infectious disease caused by Blastomyces spp yeast. Here we describe morphopathology of blastomycosis found in skin of a Persian Cat. Grossly, the lesion were characterized by ulcerated wounds and multiple subcutaneous small nodules (2-5 mm in diameter) in the base of tail. Skin biopsy was made and further processed for histopathology.  Microscopically, the lesion consist of epidermal necrosis, dermatitis, with coalescing dermal granulomatous inflammation, characterized by epitheloid and foreign type giant cells infiltrates. Numerous spherical-shaped structures and pseudohyphae which are Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS)-positive consistent with yeast morphology were found within the granulomas; morphology is also consistent with Blastomyces spp yeasts. Conclusively, multiple granulomatous dermatitis with evidence of Blastomyces yeasts is a hallmark of cutaneous blastomycosis. Exposure to Blastomyces spp yeast may possess infection threat to pet owners.

Comparison of Polymerase Chain Reaction With Histopathologic Features for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Histologic Specimens

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Youn Park ◽  
Jee Yeon Kim ◽  
Kyung Un Choi ◽  
Jin Sook Lee ◽  
Chang Hun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Type Giant ◽  
Tb Pcr ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Abstract Objective.—To investigate the relationship between various histopathologic features and the results of the tuberculosis (TB)–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in routinely submitted histologic specimens for the histopathologic diagnosis of TB. Design.—We used 95 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 81 patients who were clinically suspected of having TB. We assessed the presence of histopathologic features including well-formed granuloma, poorly formed granuloma, caseous necrosis, and Langhans-type giant cells. We performed nested PCR for IS6110 and Ziehl-Neelsen staining for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Results.—Of the 81 patients studied, 53 patients had chronic granulomatous inflammation, whereas 28 patients had only chronic inflammation without definite granulomatous inflammation. Of the 53 cases with chronic granulomatous inflammation, 17 (32%) were AFB positive and 36 (68%) were TB-PCR positive. Among cases with chronic granulomatous inflammation, the percentage that were positive and negative by TB-PCR differed significantly with the presence of various histopathologic features. All of the 13 cases with well-formed granuloma, caseous necrosis, and Langhans-type giant cells were TB-PCR positive; however, 10 (36%) of the 28 cases with chronic inflammation without granulomatous lesions were also TB-PCR positive. Conclusions.—TB-PCR is a rapid, sensitive method for the diagnosis of TB in routinely processed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded histologic specimens and is readily available in histopathology laboratories. We recommend use of TB-PCR when TB is suspected clinically, especially in cases of chronic inflammation without definite evidence of granulomatous inflammation.

scholarly journals Disseminated tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis presenting as a tongue base mass

2018 ◽  
pp. bcr-2018-225436
Author(s):  
Sarah Pratt ◽  
Arthur Henderson ◽  
Stuart Gillett
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Right Hemicolectomy ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Detailed Clinical History ◽  
Progressive Weight Loss

An 80-year-old woman presented with dysphagia, odynophagia and progressive weight loss. Initial investigations suggested a large base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. At panendoscopy, biopsies were taken which revealed granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells and areas of caseous necrosis. Acid-fast bacilli were identified on Ziehl-Neelsen stain and the appearances were consistent with Mycobacterium bovis. Closer inspection of the patient’s medical history revealed that she had previously undergone right hemicolectomy for an ascending colon stricture. The histology had shown granulomatous inflammation consistent with intestinal tuberculosis but no systemic treatment had been instigated at the time. This case highlights the importance of taking a detailed clinical history as well as the need to be cognisant of tuberculosis masquerading as cancer in the head and neck.

scholarly journals Severe Disseminated Necrotizing and Granulomatous Lymphadenitis and Encephalitis in a Dog Due to Sporotrichum pruinosum (Teleomorph: Phanerochaete chrysosporium)

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew R. Magstadt ◽  
Amanda J. Fales-Williams ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Palerme ◽  
Heather Flaherty ◽  
Tracy Lindquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Sporotrichum Pruinosum

A 9-year-old female mixed breed dog presented for an acute onset of anorexia, vomiting, and cough. Initial examination and diagnostics revealed a large multilobular cranial mediastinal mass with unidentified fungal organisms on cytology. The disease progressed in spite of therapy until the dog was euthanized 8 months later. Gross necropsy findings were a large multilobular intrathoracic mass, mild pleuritis, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Histologic evaluation showed granulomatous inflammation and necrosis with numerous 20- to 70-micron, periodic acid–Schiff- and Gomori methenamine silver-positive spherules effacing lymph node parenchyma, as well as severe inflammation within the midbrain. Endosporulation was a common finding, and large numbers of fungal hyphae were also present in affected areas. Ribosomal RNA gene sequencing found 100% identity to published sequences of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the teleomorph form of Sporotrichum pruinosum. This is the first published report of disease caused by natural infection with this basidiomycete organism in animals.

scholarly journals Drug-related talaromycosis: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 205873842093461
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Lu ◽  
Quan Shi ◽  
Jing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anti Fungal

Talaromycosis is a rare deep fungal infection caused by Talaromyces marneffei. Currently, methamphetamine has become the second-largest drug abuse category in the world after cannabis and has become a serious public health problem. Methamphetamine can inhibit human immune system and increase the probability of pathogenic microorganism infection. On 8 October 2016, a 20-year-old man with a fever history of 2 months was admitted to our hospital. He had bloody stools and abdominal pain during hospitalization. There was no significant abnormality in physical examination. Because of the misdiagnosis, he underwent improper treatment. Periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) staining showed that the mucosa of distal ileum, ascending colon, transverse colon, and sigmoid colon were infiltrated by a large number of tissue cells, which contained a large number of blue purple particles. In addition, a large number of histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells can be seen in the lamina propria of ileum mucosa, and fungal spores can be seen in histiocytes. Finally, he was diagnosed as talaromycosis and took itraconazole 0.2 g twice a day. After 5 days, the temperature dropped to normal and the inflammation disappeared, and he continued to take itraconazole for 6 months. Due to the neglect of the history of drug abuse and the concealment, drug-related talaromycosis is often misdiagnosed. Pathological examination is warranted for diagnosis talaromycosis. This condition requires a long-term anti-fungal therapy.

scholarly journals  A case of systemic mycosis in a Hovawart dog due to Candida albicans

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Skoric ◽  
P. Fictum ◽  
I. Slana ◽  
P. Kriz ◽  
I. Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Systemic Infections

Candida albicans is reported as the etiological agent of multi-systemic infections in dogs. A two-year-old female Hovawart dog was presented with marked alteration in its health condition characterised by weakness, fever, anorexia, abdominal pain, cachexy and generalized lymphadenopathy. A radiograph of the abdominal cavity showed several non-specific nodular lesions in the mesentery, ranging in size up to 10 cm in diameter. At necropsy, extensive enlargement of lymph nodes and the presence of numerous whitish to grey nodules of different sizes in several organs were evident. Histopathological examination revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation characterized by large areas of necrosis surrounded by neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and a variable admixture of lymphocytes and fungi-like organismsin in all affected organs. Numerous branching hyphae, subsequently identified by mycological cultivation as Candida albicans, were observed. A periodic acid Schiff (PAS) reaction to prove the presence of fungi in tissues was positive. Examination of tissue samples of affected organs using polymerase chain reaction (quantitative Real-Time PCR) and cultivation was negative for the presence of all members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. hominissuis.

Malakoplakia of the Bladder in a 4-Month-Old Puppy

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Caroline Benzimra ◽  
Chloé Job ◽  
Quentin Pascal ◽  
Stéphane Bureau ◽  
Anaïs Combes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

ABSTRACT A 4 mo old female Staffordshire bull terrier puppy was presented with chronic Escherichia coli cystitis. Ultrasound and cystoscopic examination revealed innumerable, intraluminal, finger-like proliferations arising from the dorsal urinary bladder (UB) wall. Histological examination of mucosal biopsies obtained by cystoscopy was suggestive of granulomatous cystitis. The proliferative lesions were removed surgically and submitted for histological examination. The UB submucosa was heavily infiltrated by macrophages with periodic acid-Schiff–positive cytoplasm exhibiting rare Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, leading to the diagnosis of malakoplakia. The puppy was prescribed with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The urinary signs disappeared despite the persistent UB wall thickening revealed by abdominal ultrasound. Urine culture performed during the ninth week of treatment showed a persistent infection by E coli resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The dog was switched to doxycycline but was then lost to follow-up. Malakoplakia is a chronic granulomatous inflammation well documented in humans. Its pathophysiology is not fully understood, but bacterial infection, immunodepression, and a defective lysosomal function may lead to the intracytoplasmic accumulation of partially degraded bacteria that can subsequently mineralize to form the Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. Malakoplakia should be suspected when UB mass lesions are identified in a young dog with bacterial cystitis.

Medico-Social Factors, Epidemiological and Clinico-Morphological Features of Co-Infection of HIV/TB on Example of the Volgograd Region

10.12737/3563 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Морозова ◽  
N. Morozova ◽  
Козырев ◽  
O. Kozyrev ◽  
Смирнов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

The purpose of this paper is to review the epidemiological, socio-medical, clinical and morphological aspects of the two infections of HIV and tuberculosis to clarify the characteristics of patients and to identify pathologic features of granulomatous inflammation in co-infection with HIV / TB at the level of light microscopy. The material of the research was medical records of patients, who died and persons consisting on the dispensary with HIV infection, tuberculosis and co-infection with HIV / tuberculosis. Morphological part of the research was carried out with the study of autopsy material of death patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis in the Volgograd region. The increase in the number of HIV-infected and high rates of TB in the Volgograd region affect on the epidemic process in co-infecciosa due vulnerable groups and socio against non-adaptable layers of population, which in most cases neglected complete therapy, ARVs and anti-TB therapy and are drug users, on the background of which there is a progression of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis. Morphological research of deceased persons from the co-infection HIV/TB can detect the violation of structure of classical tuberculosis granuloma. In tubercular granuloma except tricks caseous necrosis, surrounded by few epitelialna cells, isolated multinucleated giant cells Pirogov-Langhans,a small number of small lymphocytes were identified, and the appearance on the periphery of neutrophilic leukocytes and severe exudative reaction was revealed.

scholarly journals Mastitis by Pythium insidiosum in Mares

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Platiní Ferreira De Souto ◽  
Lisanka Ângelo Maia ◽  
Daniel Mederiros Assis ◽  
Eldinê Gomes De Miranda Neto ◽  
Glaucia Denise Kommers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Pythium Insidiosum ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
Cutaneous Form ◽  
Methenamine Silver

Background: Pythiosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. This disease has been reported in several species, but most cases occur in horses. In this species, the cutaneous form is more prevalent, with occasional involvement of adjacent lymph nodes and bone tissue. The involvement of the mammary glands was not properly characterized. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe cases of pythiosis with the involvement of the mammary glands in mares.Case: A retrospective study of all biopsy samples and necropsy examinations of horses, performed at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande from January 2000 to December 2018, was carried out. During the study period, 142 cases of cutaneous pythiosis were identified. Of these, in three the lesions extended to the mammary glands. Mares with 3-, 7- and 12-year-old, mongrel, from the backlands of the Paraiba were affected. On physical examination, the mares presented swollen mammary glands and multifocal wounds, which discharge serosanguinolent secretion. Clinical evolution ranged from 15 to 30 days. The animals had been medicated, but the wounds did not heal and mastectomies were performed. Macroscopically, the mammary glands were enlarged and with multifocal areas of ulceration measuring 1 to 3.5 cm in diameter. At the cut surface, they exhibited fistulous tracts containing kunkers. In the histopathological evaluation, was observed diffuse and marked inflammatory infiltrate of eosinophils extending through the deep dermis and interlobular mammary stroma; and multifocal areas, sometimes focally extensive, of eosinophilic necrosis with intralesional negative images of hyphae. In histological sections stained by periodic acid–Schiff, the walls of the hyphae were weakly stained in blue; but when impregnated by Grocott methenamine silver, they were strongly marked in black and were characterized by semi-parallel walls, rare septations and branching, and a diameter varying from 3-8μm. At immunohistochemistry, the hyphae showed strong cytoplasmic and wall immunostaining for the anti-P. insidiosum antibody.Discussion: The diagnosis of mastitis by P. insidiosum was established based on the epidemiological, clinical, anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings. Lesions in horses are more frequently located at the extremities of the limbs and the ventral portion of the thoracoabdominal wall. In these cases, it is likely that the lesions have started on the skin adjacent to the udder and have extended to the mammary parenchyma. The intralesional structures known as kunkers have been described in horses, mules, donkeys, and camels, being absent in the other animal species affected. The kunkers are always present in equine pythiosis and allow the establishment of an accurate presumptive diagnosis. Clinically important findings include wounds that discharge serosanguineous secretions and do not heal through conventional treatments. Histological lesions characterized by areas of eosinophilic necrosis with intralesional hyphae, which are weakly stained by PAS and strongly impregnated by GMS, are highly suggestive of pythiosis. Pythiosis is relatively frequent in horses in the backlands of Paraiba, predominantly in the cutaneous form. The involvement of the mammary glands is an uncommon presentation that should be included as a differential diagnosis of mastitis in mares.

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