scholarly journals Seasonal change in body fat of the Hyrax Procavia capensis (Pallas, 1766) using a body fat ranking index

Koedoe ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Fourie ◽  
M.R. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Procavia Capensis ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Ranking Index

Changes in the body fat content of the hyrax Procavia capensis were used as an indicator of physiological condition. Body fat rankings for the different sexes showed seasonal variations related to physiologically stressful periods (rutting, gestation and lactation). The subjective body fat rankings were correlated significantly with total body fat.

Total body fat content and fat topography are associated differently with in vivo glucose metabolism in nonobese and obese nondiabetic women

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bonora ◽  
S. Del Prato ◽  
R. C. Bonadonna ◽  
G. Gulli ◽  
A. Solini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals Prediction of the <i>in vivo</i> Body Composition of Pigs Based on Cross- Sectional Region Analysis of Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scans

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-545
Author(s):  
A. D. Mitchell ◽  
A. Scholz ◽  
V. Pursel
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Dxa Scans

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a cross-sectional scan as an alternative to the total body DXA scan for predicting the body composition of pigs in vivo. A total of 212 pigs (56 to 138 kg live body weight) were scanned by DXA. The DXA scans were analyzed for percentage fat and lean in the total body and in 14 cross-sections (57.6 mm wide): 5 in the front leg/thoracic region, 4 in the abdominal region, and 5 in the back leg region. Regression analysis was used to compare total body and cross-sectional DXA results and chemical analysis of total body fat, protein and water. The relation (R2) between the percentage fat in individual slices and the percentage of total body fat measured by DXA ranged from 0.78 to 0.97 and by chemical analysis from 0.71 to 0.85, respectively. The relation between the percentage of lean in the individual slices and chemical analysis for percentage of total body protein and water ranged from 0.48 to 0.60 and 0.56 to 0.76, respectively. These results indicate that total body composition of the pig can be predicted (accurately) by performing a time-saving single-pass cross-sectional scan.

Oxygen consumption, activity and body fat in normal and hairless mice

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Nmri Mice ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Consumption Activity ◽  
Total Body

The oxygen consumption and spontaneous activity of A2G ( hr/+), A2G ( hr/hr) and NMRI mice in groups of 2, 3, or 5 were measured, and body fat content was also determined. Average rates of oxygen consumption were found to be lowest in the A2G ( hr/+) and highest in the A2G ( hr/hr) mice, and conversely for the proportion of total body fat. There was no difference in activity of A2G ( hr/+) and A2G ( hr/hr), but the NMRI mice were more active.

scholarly journals Rabbit Lines Divergently Selected for Total Body Fat Content: Correlated Responses on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
Rozália Kasza ◽  
Tamás Donkó ◽  
Zsolt Matics ◽  
István Nagy ◽  
Ádám Csóka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Lean Line ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Total Body

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of divergently selected rabbits for total body fat content (fat index) on growth performance and carcass traits. The fat index was determined at 10 weeks of age by computed tomography and lasted for four consecutive generations. The rabbits with the lowest fat index belonged to the lean line and those of the highest values belonged to the fat line. At generation four, 60 rabbits/line were housed in wire-mesh cages and fed with commercial pellet ad libitum from weaning (5 w of age) to slaughtering (11 w of age). Growth performance, dressing out percentage and carcass adiposity were measured. The lean line showed a better feed conversion ratio (p < 0.001) than the fat line. Furthermore, the carcass of the lean rabbits had the highest proportion of fore (p < 0.020) and hind (p < 0.006) parts. On the contrary, rabbits of the fat line had the highest carcass adiposity (p < 0.001). The divergent selection for total body fat content showed to be effective for both lean and fat lines. Selection for lower total body fat content could be useful for terminal male lines, while the selection for higher total body fat content could be an advantage for rabbit does in providing fat (energy) reserves.

Body fatness, insulin sensitivity and muscle oxygen supply in adolescents

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona E. ARROWSMITH ◽  
Julie WARD ◽  
Kieron ROONEY ◽  
Adamandia D. KRIKETOS ◽  
Louise A. BAUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Muscle blood flow can be reduced in insulin-resistant states. The present study examined the importance of body fatness and insulin sensitivity as variables that may be associated with muscle oxygen supply. We studied 38 adolescents (22 males, 16 females; age 15.3–18.6 years; body mass index 17.7–34.7kg/m2) and used near-IR spectroscopy to measure the muscle re-oxygenation rate after ischaemic finger flexion exercise. Total body fat content was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and insulin sensitivity was assessed by homoeostasis model assessment. Regional lipid compartments were also assessed for potential associations with muscle oxygen supply. Abdominal adiposity (visceral and subcutaneous) was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, and soleus intramyocellular lipid levels were determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Total body fat content (r = 0.67, P<0.001), abdominal subcutaneous fat area (r = 0.78, P<0.001), abdominal visceral fat area (r = 0.54, P<0.001) and intramyocellular lipid levels (r = 0.68, P<0.001) were significantly related to forearm re-oxygenation half-time. After adjusting for insulin sensitivity, both total body fat content (r = 0.395, P = 0.02) and abdominal subcutaneous fat area (r = 0.543, P = 0.001) remained positively associated with relatively reduced muscle oxygen supply in adolescent subjects. After adjusting for body fat content, abdominal subcutaneous fat area (r = 0. 511, P = 0.002) was significantly associated with muscle oxygen supply. Thus muscle oxygen supply is associated with body fat content, and certain fat compartments may be more influential than others.

scholarly journals Divergent selection for fat index in Pannon Ka rabbits: genetic parameters, selection response

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
R. Kasza ◽  
ZS. Matics ◽  
ZS. Gerencsér ◽  
T. Donkó ◽  
I. Radnai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Parent Groups ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Zero Generation

<p>The objective of this study was to estimate the response to selection for total body fat content of rabbits measured by computer tomography (CT). A divergent selection experiment was performed using Pannon Ka rabbits, which were previously selected for number of kits born alive. The so-called zero generation consisted of 351 Pannon Ka rabbits, from which the index, total body fat volume (cm<sup>3</sup>) divided by the body weight (kg), was measured. Rabbits with low and high fat index values were selected to form the parent groups of the lean and fat lines, respectively. The lines consisted of 55-72 females and 35-47 males, depending on the line and generation. After three generations, the rabbits were evaluated by means of a single trait animal model. The fat index showed a moderate heritability estimate (0.28±0.03). The magnitude of the common litter effect was small (0.10±0.02). The breeding values averaged per generation provided slightly asymmetrical responses. Based on the results, the divergent selection was successful in confirming that CT is a very suitable method for performing selection for body composition traits.</p>

scholarly journals Influence of Body Fat Content and Distribution on Variation in Metabolic Risk

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 4459-4466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Lena Vega ◽  
Beverley Adams-Huet ◽  
Ron Peshock ◽  
DuWayne Willett ◽  
Brijen Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives: Several reports indicate that the body fat compartments, especially ip fat, predict metabolic risk better than total body fat. The objective of the study was to determine whether this can be confirmed and generalized throughout the population. Participants: A representative sample of 1934 Black and White women and men of the Dallas Heart Study participated in the study. Design: We measured the fat in total body, trunk, and lower body with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and in abdominal compartments (sc, ip, and retroperitoneal) with magnetic resonance imaging. Other measurements included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma lipids, glucose, insulin (including homeostasis model), and C-reactive protein. Results: In all groups, total body fat correlated positively with key metabolic risk factors, i.e. homeostasis model, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratios, C-reactive protein, and blood pressure; however, it explained less than one third of the variability of all the risk factors. After adjustment for total body fat, truncal fat conferred additional positive correlation with risk factors. Furthermore, with multivariable regression analysis, ip fat conferred independent correlation with plasma lipids beyond a combination of other compartments including truncal fat. Still, except for insulin levels, all combinations including ip fat still explained less than one third of the variability in risk-factor levels. Conversely, lower body fat correlated negatively with risk factors; i.e. lower body fat appeared to offer some protection against risk factors. Conclusions: Body fat distribution has some influence on risk factors beyond total body fat content. Both waist circumference and BMI significantly predicted risk factors after adjustment for total body fat, and for clinical purposes, most of the predictive power for men was contained in waist circumference, whereas for women, BMI and waist circumference were similarly predictive. Finally, even though the correlations between combined body fat parameters and risk factors explained only a portion of the variation in the latter, the average number of categorical metabolic risk factors increased progressively with increasing obesity. Hence, obesity seemingly has more clinical impact than revealed in these correlative studies.

Predicting body fat and body mass in moose with ultrasonography

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R Stephenson ◽  
Kris J Hundertmark ◽  
Charles C Schwartz ◽  
Victor Van Ballenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Free Body ◽  
Total Body

Lipids are the primary energy store of the body and estimation of these reserves provides an indication of nutritional status in moose (Alces alces). Estimates of total body fat enhance our understanding of reproductive potential, survival rate, energy balance, and nutritional carrying capacity. We developed predictive equations of total body fat and body mass from ultrasonographic fat measurements for application in live animals. We detected a strong linear relationship (r2 = 0.96) between ingesta-free body fat and rump fat thickness measured by ultrasonography. Rump fat thickness was measurable over a range of body fat levels (5.8-19.1%). Rump fat mass (r2 = 0.92) and kidney fat mass (r2 = 0.95) were curvilinearly related to ingesta-free body fat level. For adult females, total length and chest girth were not related to body mass. Ingesta-free body fat, however, explained 81% of the variability in body mass, and ultrasonically measured rump fat thickness predicted body mass (r2 = 0.80).

scholarly journals Soft Drink Consumption in Young Mexican Adults Is Associated with Higher Total Body Fat Percentage in Men but Not in Women

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1760
Author(s):  
Cesar Campos-Ramírez ◽  
Víctor Ramírez-Amaya ◽  
Liliana Olalde-Mendoza ◽  
Jorge Palacios-Delgado ◽  
Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

A high consumption of soft drinks (SDs) has been linked with the development of anthropometric and metabolic alterations. We evaluate the association between SD consumption and some anthropometric and metabolic variables. This study is an observational study, using a sample of 394 university students, of which 158 were men (40.1%) and 238 women (59.9%), between 18 and 30 years. An SD intake questionnaire provided the consumption of different SDs. The participants’ weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were collected. Metabolic biomarkers were analyzed. The average intake of caloric SDs (CSDs) was 1193.6 ± 1534.8 mL/week and 84.5 ± 115.02 mL/week for non-caloric SDs (NCSDs). Sex differences were found in the amount of SD consumption and these statistical differences were driven by those men subjects with a high total body fat percentage (TBF%). In men, correlations were found between the intake of CSDs and the body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, TBF%, and visceral fat percentage. In woman, a correlation was found with glucose and triglycerides. The prediction model revealed that the intake of CSDs predicts TBF% and low-density lipoprotein only in men. A high amount of CSD consumption in men was associated with a high TBF%, and this may be predictive of future development of metabolic abnormalities.

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