scholarly journals Muscle pain

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omphile Mogole ◽  
Ralph Kandiwa ◽  
Oyetola Babarinde ◽  
Halima Ismail ◽  
Nokuthula Dlamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Nerve Endings ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Endogenous Substance ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Muscle pain, also known as myalgia, is most commonly associated with sprains or strains. It frequently presents as redness at the site of injury, tenderness, swelling and fever. Muscle pain may occur as a result of excitation of the muscle nociceptor due to overuse of the muscle, viral infections or trauma. The most important endogenous substance released in response to the damaged tissues or nociceptor nerve endings in regards with muscle pain is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Optimal pain management involves a combination of non-opioid, opioid analgesics, adjuvants, as well as non-pharmacologic strategies. Non-opiod analgesics include paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, which are indicated for mild to moderate pain. Whereas moderate to severe pain acquires opiod analgesics. This article provides an overview of muscle pain, the management and treatment thereof.

Undertreated pain: Trends over time for older adults with and without cancer.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J Presley ◽  
Jennifer Kapo ◽  
Shi-Yi Wang ◽  
Maureen Canavan ◽  
Ella Sheinfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Part D

15 Background: Concerns about the adequacy of pain management among older adults are increasing. We examined calendar year (CY) trends in prescription medication (Rx) use by older adults with and without cancer who reported pain interference with normal activities. Methods: Using the 2007-2012 SEER-Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (MHOS) database with a unique linkage to Part D prescription claims data, we selected MHOS participants with Part D coverage who were within 5 years of cancer diagnosis or without cancer history. We used Rx claims to characterize use of opioids, non-opioid analgesics, local anesthetics and anti-epileptics during the 90 days post survey. Participant reported pain-related activity limitations within the past 30 days (pain interference) were summarized as severe, moderate, or none. We applied multivariable logistic regression to determine associations of Rx use with CY, cancer status, and pain interference, controlling for socio-demographics, chronic conditions, plan type and Part D Low Income Subsidy. Adjusted outcome levels were predicted based on the regression coefficients. Results: In the total sample (N = 15,624), pain Rx was used by 30%, with 20% receiving opioids. Severe or moderate pain interference with activities was reported by 23% and 46%, respectively. Among respondents with cancer (N = 9,105), 49% reporting severe (28% moderate) pain interference received any pain Rx; 37% & 18% used opioids, respectively. For those without cancer, adjusted pain Rx use rates were significantly lower in all categories. Pain Rx increased over CY for cancer respondents with moderate pain (25% in 2008 to 31% in 2012; p = .017), but not for those reporting severe pain interference. In addition, pain Rx increased over CY for the cohort without cancer with no pain interference (11% in 2008 to 14% in 2012; p = .027). Conclusions: Despite increased focus on symptom management, the majority of older adults who experienced moderate or severe pain interference did not have Rx for pain management. Efforts to identify and target unmet supportive care needs for Medicare beneficiaries, with and without cancer, are necessary to further improve quality of life.

scholarly journals Pain management after lung surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Frödin ◽  
Margareta Warrén Stomberg
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Lung Surgery ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Severe Postoperative Pain

Pain management is an integral challenge in nursing and includes the responsibility of managing patients’ pain, evaluating pain therapy and ensuring the quality of care. The aims of this study were to explore patients’ experiences of pain after lung surgery and evaluate their satisfaction with the postoperative pain management. A descriptive design was used which studied 51 participants undergoing lung surgery. The incidence of moderate postoperative pain varied from 36- 58% among the participants and severe pain from 11-26%, during their hospital stay. Thirty-nine percent had more pain than expected. After three months, 20% experienced moderate pain and 4% experienced severe pain, while after six months, 16% experienced moderate pain. The desired quality of care goal was not fully achieved. We conclude that a large number of patients experienced moderate and severe postoperative pain and more than one third had more pain than expected. However, 88% were satisfied with the pain management. The findings confirm the severity of pain experienced after lung surgery and facilitate the apparent need for the continued improvement of postoperative pain management following this procedure.

Dendritic cell vaccine as an alternative to opioid analgesia in patients with advanced cervical cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18022-e18022
Author(s):  
Anna P. Menshenina ◽  
Oleg I. Kit ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Tatiana I. Moiseenko ◽  
Ekaterina V. Verenikina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Dendritic Cell Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Intense Pain

e18022 Background: Locally advanced and progressive cervical cancer is always accompanied by the pain syndrome. The common analgesics include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids. The purpose of the study was to assess allogeneic dendritic cell vaccine (DCV) as an alternative analgesic in patients with advanced cervical cancer. Methods: The pain syndrome dynamics was assessed in 20 patients with advanced T3-4N1M0-1 cervical cancer receiving subcutaneous paravertebral injections of allogeneic DCV in a total alternating dose of 5-10 million cells every 2 weeks. Patients received DCV for one year, with a total of 24 vaccine therapy sessions and a total dosage of 180 million dendritic cells. The pain intensity was assessed on a verbal rating scale: 0 – no pain; 1 – mild pain; 2 – moderate pain; 3 – severe pain; 4 – extremely intense pain. Results: Prior to the therapy, 15 patients (75%) had severe pain; 2 (10%) - moderate pain; 3 (15%) - extremely intense pain. After 4-6 DCV injections, the pain intensity decreased, patients refused opioid analgesics. After 10-12 DCV sessions, 19 (95%) (p < 0.05) women had no pain at all, patients denied additional pain relief with non-opioid analgesics. Unrelieved pain was registered only in one cervical cancer patient. Conclusions: DCV injections in patients with advanced cervical cancer provide pain relief thereby improving their quality of life.

New small molecule analgesics

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Laev ◽  
Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Analgesic Drugs ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Analgesic Agents ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
New Perspective

: Pain is a symptom of ninety percent of human diseases, and pain management is a very important medicinal problem. Various modulators of the pain response have been detected and analgesic effects are obtained by increasing inhibition or decreasing excitation in the nervous system. Various known analgesic drugs are commonly used to relieve the pain; however, this problem is still not fully resolved by currently available treatments. Available analgesic drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, and analgesic adjuvants) are not too effective and are severely limited by adverse effects, for example, opioid addiction. Therefore, developing effective pain management is a difficult but necessary task. Thus, there is an urgent need for further development of the design and synthesis of new analgesic agents. The aim of this review is to present recent progress in search of new small molecule analgesics. The structures and effects of new perspective analgesic agents (anti-inflammatory agents, opioid analgesics, adjuvant agents for pain management and natural compounds) are presented and discussed. The review covers the literature published in 2015-2020 years and includes 173 references.

Pain score, analgesic utilization, and patient satisfaction among cancer patients at a community cancer center.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
Dylan Michael Zylla ◽  
Jim Fulbright ◽  
Pamala A. Pawloski ◽  
Lisa Illig ◽  
Adina Peck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Long Acting

203 Background: Cancer-related pain is common, negatively impacts quality of life and survival, and often requires opioid analgesics. Patient level data describing the incidence and severity of pain, medication utilization, and patient satisfaction associated with care are lacking. An understanding of cancer pain prevalence and analgesic utilization is needed to initiate quality improvement (QI) interventions. Methods: We analyzed 2 months of outpatient oncology clinic encounters from the electronic medical record (EMR) and conducted a patient survey of 163 cancer patients to obtain baseline data on pain levels, opioid and non-opioid treatments, and patient satisfaction. Our survey incorporated questions from the Brief Pain Inventory to validate EMR reports and obtain patient satisfaction data. Results: Moderate to severe pain is reported in nearly 1 of every 9 cancer patient encounters (Table 1). On average, we achieved a personal pain goal (PPG) in 83.5 % of all patients (n=109). Among patients receiving opioids, a PPG was achieved in 16 of 29 patients (55.2%). Of the 13 opioid-consuming patients not achieving a PPG, 12 were not on a long-acting opioid, and 5 had never discussed a pain management plan with their physician. Oxycodone CR is the most commonly prescribed long-acting opioid (40.4% versus morphine SR (26.1%), methadone (23.0%), and fentanyl transdermal (10.6%)). Conclusions: Moderate to severe pain is commonly encountered among patients receiving cancer care in the clinic setting. Increasing the proportion of patients achieving a PPG is a critical quality and patient satisfaction goal, and may be improved by creating a pain plan incorporating a long-acting opioid. Our QI intervention aims to improve pain assessment documented in the EMR and educate both patients and staff regarding appropriate pain management. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Cancer-Related Pain Management and the Optimal Use of Opioids

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Reis-Pina ◽  
Peter G. Lawlor ◽  
António Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Clinical Recommendations

<p>Pain relief is vital to the treatment of cancer. Despite the widespread use and recognition of clinical recommendations for the management of cancer-related pain, avoidable suffering is still prevalent in patients with malignant disease. A gap exists between what is known about pain medical management and actual practices of patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals and institutions. Opioids are the pillar of the medical management of moderate to severe pain. The prescription of opioid analgesics – by a registered medical practitioner for absolute pain control – is a legitimate practice. In this article we look at patients’ fears and physicians’ general<br />hesitations towards morphine and alike. We examine misconceptions that yield fallacies on the therapeutically use of opioids and, therefore, sustain inadequate pain management.</p>

scholarly journals Analgesic combinations as a strategy for pain relief and isobolographic analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aracely Evangelina Chávez-Piña ◽  
Arlette Guadalupe Arroyo-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Isobolographic Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Pain is a multidimensional sensory experience that is intrinsically unpleasant and associated with hurting and soreness, it is essentially a sensation. Pain has strong, cognitive and emotional components, it is linked to, or described in terms of suffering. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid analgesics are two of the most common types of drugs used for pain management. However, the use of these analgesics is limited by the presence of significant adverse effects. A useful practice is a combination of two agents with the same therapeutic effect wherein each agent is administered to obtain additive, synergistic or subadditive interaction in a fixed ratio. If the combination resulted in addition or synergism, the doses employed by each agent are reduced, then the side effects are absent; this kind of study is named isobolographic analysis. In this review, the authors summarized previous reports of the combination of NSAIDs with opioids and natural products as an alternative in the pain management.

scholarly journals Adherence Level Of Medical Personnel In Implementing 2019 Postoperative Pain Management Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Nasrulloh Nasrulloh ◽  
Hamzah Hamzah ◽  
Arie Utariani ◽  
Dedi Susila
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Multimodal Analgesia ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Mild Pain

Introduction: Inadequate pain management may increase the risk of complications and postoperative chronic pain. Postoperative Pain Management Guidelines of The Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/ Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya were arranged in 2019. Purposes: This study aim is to analyze the medical personnel’s adherence in implementing postoperative pain management guidelines. Methods: This is descriptive observational study with retrospective design. Total sampling was carried out on the medical records of patients who underwent elective surgery and received postoperative acute pain management during March-May 2020. Results: A total of 349 patients, most of the pain intensity was moderate (62.8%). The medical personnel adherence with postoperative pain management guidelines was 88.0%. The overall use of multimodal analgesia was 61.0%. Adherence to guidelines on pain category was mostly good adherence: 99.1% in mild pain, 82.6% in moderate pain, and 81.2% in severe pain. The use of multimodal analgesia was found in 12.3% mild pain; 83.6% moderate pain, and 100% severe pain patients. Conclusion: Most of the medical personnel have adhered to the postoperative pain management guideline, and widely-used multimodal analgesia. Systematic evaluation of guidelines implementation, patient satisfaction, and outcomes are needed.

scholarly journals Selected pathobiological features and principles of pharmacological pain management

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052090365
Author(s):  
Razia Abdool Gafaar Khammissa ◽  
Raoul Ballyram ◽  
Jeanine Fourie ◽  
Michael Bouckaert ◽  
Johan Lemmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Neural Signals ◽  
Chronic Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Spinal Cord Neurons ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Pain induced by inflammation and nerve injury arises from abnormal neural activity of primary afferent nociceptors in response to tissue damage, which causes long-term elevation of the sensitivity and responsiveness of spinal cord neurons. Inflammatory pain typically resolves following resolution of inflammation; however, nerve injury—either peripheral or central—may cause persistent neuropathic pain, which frequently manifests as hyperalgesia or allodynia. Neuralgias, malignant metastatic bone disease, and diabetic neuropathy are some of the conditions associated with severe, often unremitting chronic pain that is both physically and psychologically debilitating or disabling. Therefore, optimal pain management for patients with chronic neuropathic pain requires a multimodal approach that comprises pharmacological and psychological interventions. Non-opioid analgesics (e.g., paracetamol, aspirin, or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are first-line agents used in the treatment of mild-to-moderate acute pain, while opioids of increasing potency are indicated for the treatment of persistent, moderate-to-severe inflammatory pain. N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antagonists, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or a combination of these should be considered for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. This review discusses the various neural signals that mediate acute and chronic pain, as well as the general principles of pain management.

scholarly journals SEVERAL ASPECTS OF CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL OSTEOCHONDROSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Скляренко ◽  
Oksana Sklyarenko ◽  
Кошкарёва ◽  
Zinaida Koshkareva ◽  
Cороковиков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Treatment Number

The aim of the research was to develop an algorithm of complex conservative treatment of patients with cervical osteo-chondrosis. We examined and provided conservative treatment to 40patients with cervical osteochondrosis in periods I–II with severe pain syndrome. The treatment was mainly aimed at pain management. For this purpose, we assigned non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) to the patients. NSAID are the most effective medicinal agents, first of all due to their analgesic effect. Also, the treatment included physiotherapy and acupuncture. As a result of the treatment, neurological manifestations were reduced. Number of cervicalgia cases decreased from 12 (before the treatment) to 6 (after the treatment), number of cervical cranialgia cases – from 12 to 7, number of cervicobrachialgia cases – from 16 to 8 correspondingly. Developed complex of conservative treatment measures al-lows to obtain successful treatment results in most cases. It is important to note that proposed treatment regimen is available, simple and can be applied in all neurological and neurosurgical units and hospitals.

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