Factors associated with balance impairments amongst stroke survivors in northern Benin: A cross-sectional study

Background: Balance impairment is the predominant risk factor for falls in stroke survivors. A fear of falling after stroke can contribute to sedentary lifestyles, increased disability and risk of recurrence, leading to poor quality of life.Objective: To determine the frequency and factors associated with balance impairments amongst stroke survivors at the University Hospital of Parakou.Method: This cross-sectional study included adult stroke survivors. Stroke survivors after discharge were enrolled at the University Hospital of Parakou between 01 January 2020 and 30 September 2020. Balance impairments were measured by using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Get Up and Go (GUG) tests.Results: A total of 54 stroke survivors were included, with a mean age of 58.37 ± 12.42 years and a male predominance of 68.52%. The mean BBS score was 36.87 ± 14.34 with a minimum and a maximum of 10 and 56, respectively. Thirteen (24.07%) had balance impairments (BBS score ≤ 20), 34 (62.96%) had a TUG score ≥ 14 s (abnormal), 9 (16.67%) presented a moderate risk of falling and 6 (11.11%) presented high risk of fall with the GUG test. Post-stroke duration (odds ratio [OR] = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.04–0.30; p 0.01), severity of disability (OR = 8.33; 95% CI: 1.03–67.14; p = 0.03) and the number of physiotherapy sessions (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03–0.93; p = 0.02) were significantly associated with balance impairments.Conclusion: Our results showed that almost one quarter of stroke survivors after discharge at the University Hospital of Parakou had balance impairments. Post-stroke duration, severity of disability and the number of physiotherapy sessions were significantly associated with balance impairments.Clinical implications: [AQ1] Balance should be regularly assessed in people post-stroke. Further studies should document the content of rehabilitation and any rehabilitative efforts to improve balance in people post-stroke in Benin.

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Psychopathological Factors Associated With Burnout in Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association ◽

10.1177/1078390321999725 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107839032199972

Author(s):

Erman Yıldız

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

University Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have separately revealed that parameters such as anxiety, depression, and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are associated with burnout, there is still a limited understanding of the relationship between anxiety, depression, and STS and burnout in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. AIMS: To investigate the relationship between levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, and STS in ICU nurses. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with ICU nurses ( N = 164) from a university hospital in eastern Turkey. The participants completed the anxiety, depression, STS, and burnout scales along with the descriptive characteristics form. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean scores for STS, anxiety, depression, and burnout were 40.60 ± 13.77, 17.14 ± 12.90, 13.28 ± 9.75 and 41.39 ± 14.87, respectively. The results showed that, in the ICU nurses, anxiety, depression, and STS components explained 61% of emotional exhaustion, 38% of depersonalization, and 13% of personal accomplishment. CONCLUSIONS: While the present findings supported the paradigm that burnout in ICU nurses is associated with STS, anxiety, and depression, they also revealed some details about the psychopathological factors associated with burnout. These details were as follows: (1) individuals who resorted to avoidance as a component of STS on a high level were more likely to experience emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, (2) individuals with severe depressive symptoms were more likely to experience a decrease in their personal accomplishment, and (3) individuals with anxiety symptoms were more likely to experience both emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.

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Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological profiles of medication misuse and dependence in hospitalised older patients in Norway: a prospective cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e031483 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Socheat Cheng ◽

Tahreem Ghazal Siddiqui ◽

Michael Gossop ◽

Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen ◽

Christofer Lundqvist

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Older Patients ◽

Adverse Drug Events ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medication Misuse ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Concurrent Use

ObjectivesTimely recognition of medication misuse and dependence is crucial to avoid both adverse drug events and increasing health expenditure. Yet the detection of these disorders in older people remains challenging due to the paucity of evidence on characteristics of patients at risk. This study investigates sociodemographic, pharmacological and clinical characteristics and factors associated with prolonged medication use, misuse and dependence in hospitalised older patients, focusing on three commonly prescribed central nervous system depressants (CNSDs): opioid analgesics, benzodiazepines and z-hypnotics.DesignA prospective, cross-sectional study complying with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.SettingSomatic departments of the Akershus University Hospital, Norway.Participants246 patients aged 65–90 were included.Outcome measuresProlonged use was defined as using CNSDs for ≥4 weeks. Misuse and dependence were assessed with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition criteria for substance abuse and dependence. We used descriptive statistics to report patients’ characteristics and logistic regression to demonstrate factors associated with prolonged use, and misuse or dependence.ResultsForty per cent of participants reported using CNSDs for ≥4 weeks. The odds of prolonged use were higher for patients aged 75–84 (OR=2.32, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.65) and ≥85 (OR=3.33, 95% CI 1.25 to 8.87) vs <75 years, for pain intensity (OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04), and polypharmacy versus no polypharmacy (OR=5.16, 95% CI 2.13 to 12.55). The odds were lower for patients who completed secondary education (OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.83) compared with those with only basic education. Factors associated with misuse or dependence were pain intensity (OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04) and concurrent use of ≥2 CNSDs (OR=3.99, 95% CI 1.34 to 11.88).ConclusionCNSD overuse is prevalent among hospitalised older patients, despite clear guidelines and recommendations. Our findings underline a need for stronger focus on responsible prescribing, timely detection and prevention of this issue, with special attention towards older patients, those with enhanced pain, polypharmacy and/or concurrent use of several CNSDs.Trial registration numberNCT03162081.

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Proportion of Maternal Near-Miss and Its Determinants among Northwest Ethiopian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/5257431 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Mengstu Melkamu Asaye

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Near Miss ◽

Maternal Near Miss ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Monthly Income ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

Life Threatening ◽

The University

Background. Life-threatening situations might arise unexpectedly during pregnancy. Maternal near-miss can be a proxy for maternal death and explained as women who nearly died due to obstetric-related complications. It is recognized as the predictor of level of care and maternal death. Maternal near-miss evaluates life-threatening pregnancy-related complications, and it directs the assessment of the quality of obstetric care. Objective. To determine the proportion and factors associated with maternal near-miss at maternity wards at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was carried out from March 1 to June 20, 2019, using WHO criteria for maternal near-miss at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital. The data are from the interviews and review of 303 systematically selected participants’ medical files at maternity wards. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze factors associated with maternal near-miss, including estimation of crude and adjusted odds ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals and p value less than 0.05 through SPSS version 20. Result. The study revealed that the proportion of maternal near-miss was found to be 15.8% (95%CI=11.9%-20.1%). In the adjusted analyses, maternal near-miss was significantly associated with low (≤1000 ETB) monthly income (AOR=399; 95%CI=1.65, 9.65), seven or more days of hospital stay (AOR=5.43; 95%CI=2.49, 11.83), vaginal bleeding (AOR=2.75, 95%CI=1.17, 6.47), and pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR=5.13; 95%CI=2.08, 12.6). Conclusion and Recommendation. The near-miss proportion was comparable to that in the region. Associated factors were low monthly income, seven or more days of hospital stay, vaginal bleeding, and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Thus, giving attention on early identification and treatment of these potential factors can be the opportunity in the reduction of maternal morbidity and mortality.

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Reconciliation of medications upon the admission of patients to the cardiology sector of a university hospital

Revista Brasileira de Farmácia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saúde ◽

10.30968/rbfhss.2019.104.0353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 0353

Author(s):

Lorena S. Miranda ◽

Ana L. Cavalcante ◽

Rafael M. Pinheiro ◽

Dayani Galato ◽

Emília V. Silva

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Medication Reconciliation ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Medical Prescription ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cardiology Department ◽

The University

Introduction: The reconciliation of medications is an important process that impacts on patient safety during the level of care transition, a moment with high discrepancy rates that can lead to adverse reactions. Objective: To analyze the results of medication reconciliation in order to identify discrepancies between the medical prescription and the medications previously used by the patient. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between May and November 2017 (until the second fortnight of the month), with patients admitted to the cardiology department of the University Hospital of Brasília. Data was collected through interviews with patients, relatives and/or caregivers, and through consultation of the medical records. The reconciliation of medications was performed daily, from Monday to Friday, within 48 hours of the patient’s admission to the unit, through a medication reconciliation form prepared by the author. Results: 90 patients were included in the study and a total of 297 discrepancies were found, 267 (90%) being intentional and 30 (10%), unintentional. Among the unintentional discrepancies, the most frequent was omission of medication in use by the patient (56%). Of the intentional discrepancies, the dosage modifications were more common in 45% of the cases. Conclusion: The reconciliation of medications was a crucial clinical service for the identification and resolution of unintentional discrepancies between previously used medications and hospital medical prescription.

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HBV and HCV serological markers in patients with the hepatosplenic form of mansonic schistosomiasis

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032011000200008 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 124-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jéfferson Luis de Almeida Silva ◽

Veridiana Sales Barbosa de Souza ◽

Tatiana Aguiar Santos Vilella ◽

Ana Lúcia C. Domingues ◽

Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Coêlho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Serological Markers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

CONTEXT: Blood transfusion is one of the major risk factors for the transmission of the hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses. However, there are no reports describing the endoscopic transmission of these viruses in patients with the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of serological markers of HBV and HCV in patients with the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis and evaluate the possible risk factors associated with these infections. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 230 patients with hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis who attended a university hospital in Recife, Northeastern Brazil, from February to August 2008. The patients answered a standardized questionnaire about risk factors. Serum samples were analyzed for anti-HBc total, anti-HBs, HBsAg, and anti-HCV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed. RESULTS: The prevalence was 30% for anti-HBc total and/or HBsAg and 7.4% for anti-HCV. There was a higher frequency of the serological markers in females and in patients aged .50 years. A significant association was detected between the presence of anti-HCV and the receipt of six or more blood transfusions. There was no association of history and number of digestive endoscopies with the serological markers analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a higher prevalence of serological markers for HBV and a lower prevalence of anti-HCV. Our results indicate that females and patients of an advanced age are the most affected categories and that patients that received multiple transfusions are at a higher probability of HCV infection.

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Prevalence of Intestinal Opportunistic Parasites Infections among HIV Positive Children in the University Hospital Center Yalgado Ouédroago of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1010.065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 550-557

Author(s):

Traoré Roukiatou Zongo Cheikna ◽

Zongo Oumarou Ouédraogo Ganamé Abasse ◽

Zida Adama Yonaba Caroline ◽

Traoré Yves Savadogo Aly

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

University Hospital ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stool Samples ◽

The University

In sub-Saharan Africa, Gastrointestinal parasites infections are widespread, particularly among immune deficient individuals. Prevalence of these infections varies from locality to other due to many factors. The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites among HIV-positive children in the paediatric clinic at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo of Ouagadougou. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the University hospital of Ouagadougou from July to November 2015. Ninety-three (93) freshly issued stool samples were collected in HIV-positive children less than 15 years old. Stool samples were analysed for the presence of various intestinal parasites using direct microscopy, formol-ether concentration method, modified Ziehl Neelsen stain and Weber trichrome stain. The study included 93 HIV positive children. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 24.73% (23/93). The most detected parasites were Entamoeba coli (52.17% of total detected parasites), Trichomonas intestinalis (21.73%), Giardia intestinalis (8.65%), Entamoeba histolytica (4.34%). Patients with multi-infection (2 or 3 parasites) have been detected. The participants, 97.5% (89/93) were on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and 81.76% (76/93) were on ARV therapy. Despite the medical care given to the HIV-infected children, the prevalence of opportunistic intestinal is high at the University hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHU-YO)and deserves special attention.

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Prevalence and factors associated with incidents related to medication in surgical patients

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420140000100005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Thatianny Tanferri de Brito Paranaguá ◽

Ana Lúcia Queiroz Bezerra ◽

Andressa Luanna Moreira dos Santos ◽

Ana Elisa Bauer de Camargo Silva

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Medical Records ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Surgical Clinic ◽

Length Of Hospitalization

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of incidents related to medication, registered in the medical records of patients admitted to a Surgical Clinic, in 2010. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted at a university hospital, with a sample of 735 hospitalizations. Was performed the categorization of types of incidents, multivariate analysis of regression logistic and calculated the prevalence. The prevalence of drug-related incidents was estimated at 48.0% and were identified, as factors related to the occurrence of these incidents: length of hospitalization more than four days, prescribed three or more medications per day and realization of surgery intervention. It is expected to have contributed for the professionals and area managers can identify risky situations and rethink their actions.

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