A study to compare the plasma glucose levels obtained in sodium fluoride and citrate buffer tubes at a tertiary care hospital in Punjab

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory disease of the pancreas. After diagnosis the initial management is preferably done in intensive care unit along with 4-6 hourly insulin sliding scale monitoring for hyperglycemia. Individuals with type II DM are more prone to develop AP. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects the blood glucose levels of over past two months and daily glucose levels do not affect its levels in the blood.Objectives: To find out the frequency of acute pancreatitis in diabetic patients both in type 1 and type 2.Study Design: Cross-sectional, comparative studyMethodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional, comparative study based on 154 patients with acute pancreatitis in our tertiary care hospital over the duration of two years i.e. from January 2016 to December 2017. The data were entered and coded where necessary and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis was done to summarize data in the form of percentages and numbers for categorical data while continuous variables were shown by using mean and standard deviation.Results: The mean age was 48.6 year with a standard deviation of 16.9 years, the total cases were 154 for the duration two years from January 2016 to December 2017. Out of 147 patients, 72 (44.4%) were male and 75 (46.3%) were female. Only 13 (8.8%) out of 154 patients were diabetics. Total serum pancreatic lipase and serum pancreatic amylase levels were significantly higher in non-diabetic subjects as compared to diabetics. Also, high serum lipase levels were seen in slightly more females than males.Conclusion: The results of our study documented that the prevalence of acute pancreatitis is more common in non-diabetics as compared to diabetics, and those who were diabetic were between 41 to 60 years of age. We recommend further studies in this area to reach a general agreement on the prevalence of acute pancreatitis and factors affecting its prevalence as well as on the relation of diabetes and severity of acute pancreatitis.Citation: Khan ZA, Baig KS, Ahmad Z, Afridi M. Acute pancreatitis in diabetics: a twoyear retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Anaesthesia, pain & intensiv care 2019;23(2):211-216

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A Study of HbA1c, fasting and 2 hour plasma glucose levels in current smokers presenting at a tertiary care hospital in North India

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20180002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Niket Verma

Keyword(s):

Glucose Level ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Plasma Glucose Level ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

North India ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Hba1c Levels

Background: There is a concern that smokers are at increased risk of diabetes and this association has received surprisingly little attention. This study aims to study the relationship of smoking with three glycaemic variables (HbA1c, fasting and 2 hour post prandial plasma glucose levels) in current smokers and describe the potential impact of smoking in the context of screening for diabetes by using one of these glycaemic variables.Methods: 150 patients attending the OPD of Santosh Medical College were part of this Cross sectional population based study. One hundred were smokers and fifty non-smokers and non-diabetics. All participants were subjected to fasting plasma glucose level, 2 hour plasma glucose level and HbA1c testing.Results: Mean values of all three variables are substantially higher in smokers as compared to non-smokers. HbA1c levels show an increasing trend with increasing age among both groups. Mean plasma glucose levels show increasing values with increasing age but the trend is not uniform. Among females, only HbA1c levels whereas among males all three variables show a strong correlation with smoking. No correlation was observed between the number of cigarettes smoked daily or smoking index and the glycaemic variables. All variables show an increasing trend as the number of years of smoking increases.Conclusions: A higher prevalence of diabetes is seen in current smokers when we consider HbA1c levels indicating the beneficial effect of using HbA1c levels for identifying current smokers at risk of diabetes mellitus.

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Compliance of checking HbA1c in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.37.1.2814 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Aziz ◽

Syed Ahsan Ali

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

University Hospital ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Creative Commons ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Uncontrolled Diabetes

Background and Objectives: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus worldwide was 171 million one and half decade ago, while the prediction is 366 million patients by 2030 and more than 640 million people by 2040. HbA1c value represents average blood glucose over the past 2-3 months and accounts for both pre-prandial and post-prandial blood glucose levels. A link between HbA1c and diabetic complications has been confirmed. In general, patients with controlled diabetes mellitus should have at least biannual testing, while patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or unmet glycemic targets should be tested every three months. The objective was to see compliance of checking HbA1c in tertiary care hospital of a developing world. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study done from 1st February 2019 to 31st March 2019 in the Department of Medicine and Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. All patients of age 18 years and above, admitted with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) from 1st February 2019 to 31st March 2019 were included. If HbA1c was less than 7% the patients were labelled as having controlled DM, otherwise, uncontrolled DM. If HbA1c of patients with controlled DM was not checked in last six months and if HbA1c of patients with uncontrolled DM was not checked in last three months then it was labelled as non-compliance of checking HbA1c. Results: Out of 1732 diabetic patients only 94 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria. Out of these 94 patients 43 (45.7%) were male. Mean HbA1c was 7.90% (1.4) and 69 (73.4%) patients had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Overall, the compliance of checking HbA1c was 58.5%. In uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients, the compliance of checking HbA1c was 45% and in controlled diabetes mellitus patients the compliance was 96%. Conclusion: The compliance of checking HbA1c is inadequate in diabetic inpatients. The considerable prevalence of diabetes and the benefits of timely interventions in diagnosed patients to prevent complications suggest the need for a comprehensive awareness among the doctors for checking HbA1c. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2814 How to cite this:Aziz A, Ali SA. Compliance of checking HbA1c in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):142-145. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2814 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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