scholarly journals A Study of HbA1c, fasting and 2 hour plasma glucose levels in current smokers presenting at a tertiary care hospital in North India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Niket Verma
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: There is a concern that smokers are at increased risk of diabetes and this association has received surprisingly little attention. This study aims to study the relationship of smoking with three glycaemic variables (HbA1c, fasting and 2 hour post prandial plasma glucose levels) in current smokers and describe the potential impact of smoking in the context of screening for diabetes by using one of these glycaemic variables.Methods: 150 patients attending the OPD of Santosh Medical College were part of this Cross sectional population based study. One hundred were smokers and fifty non-smokers and non-diabetics. All participants were subjected to fasting plasma glucose level, 2 hour plasma glucose level and HbA1c testing.Results: Mean values of all three variables are substantially higher in smokers as compared to non-smokers. HbA1c levels show an increasing trend with increasing age among both groups. Mean plasma glucose levels show increasing values with increasing age but the trend is not uniform. Among females, only HbA1c levels whereas among males all three variables show a strong correlation with smoking. No correlation was observed between the number of cigarettes smoked daily or smoking index and the glycaemic variables. All variables show an increasing trend as the number of years of smoking increases.Conclusions: A higher prevalence of diabetes is seen in current smokers when we consider HbA1c levels indicating the beneficial effect of using HbA1c levels for identifying current smokers at risk of diabetes mellitus.  

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Animesh Ray ◽  
Dr. Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Dr. Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among patients admitted to the Medicine ward and ICU METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum sample by the ELISA method RESULTS A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (±SD) of 41.2 (±15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8%patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity CONCLUSIONS Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21)

scholarly journals Comparison of effects of restraint, cage transportation, anaesthesia and repeated bleeding on plasma glucose levels between mice and rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tabata ◽  
T. Kitamura ◽  
N. Nagamatsu
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Observable Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Endogenous Glucose

We examined the effects of handling, cage transportation, anaesthesia and repeated bleeding on plasma glucose levels in mice and rats. Plasma glucose was determined using a compact glucose analyser Antsense®, which provides a quick and accurate method without the necessity for special specimen preparation. In mice, plasma glucose was significantly elevated after primary handling or cage transportation. Anaesthesia increased plasma glucose levels two-fold, whilst repeated bleeding induced a rapid but transient increase. However, it was found to be possible to sample plasma glucose levels at one-hour intervals without any apparent effect on plasma glucose level as a result of stress from the sampling procedure. In contrast, the same set of procedures i.e. handling, cage transportation and anaesthesia, when performed on rats, seemed to have small or no observable effect on levels of plasma glucose. These results show the importance of the sampling procedure when determining plasma glucose in mice. It is recommended that the procedure which causes the least influence on endogenous glucose levels should be the method of choice and that animals should be acclimatized to the procedure, by appropriate handling, prior to sampling.

scholarly journals Efek hipoglikemik tepung komposit (ubi jalar ungu, jagung kuning, dan kacang tunggak) pada tikus diabetes induksi streptozotocin

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Carolina Sisca Djunaidi ◽  
Dian Rachmawanti Affandi ◽  
Danar Praseptiangga
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background: The composite flour (50% sweet potato, 30% corn, and 20% cowpea) had proven that it could substitute 100% wheat flour for biscuit making. Intake of antioxidants, dietary fiber, and protein, had been known to reduce plasma glucose level. Objective: To evaluate the effect of composite flour diet on plasma glucose levels, body weight and food consumption of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.Method: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged ± 2 months (± 200 grams), were divided into three groups of ten rats. They were (1) non-diabetic standard diet (ND-STD), (2) diabetic (65 mg/kg of body weight by STZ induction) standard diet (D-STD), and (3) diabetic composite flour diet (1,5 g/100 g of body weight/day) (D-CFD), for 4 weeks, 3 days after STZ induction. The plasma glucose obtained from GOD-PAP method were determined before induction, after induction and every week during diet intervention.Results: Plasma glucose levels was significantly lower in D-CFD when compared with D-STD (p<0,05). The weight of D-STD was found to be significantly decreased as compared to ND-STD (p<0,05). There were no changes in food consumption of ND-STD, D-STD and D-CFD (p<0,05).Conclusion: The composite flour could reduce plasma glucose level in diabetic rats and did not give negative effects on body weight and food consumption.

scholarly journals Clinico-microbiological study of diabetic limb amputations in a tertiary care hospital in North India

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Rajpal Singh Punia ◽  
Reetu Kundu ◽  
Vikram Jassal ◽  
Ashok Kumar Attri ◽  
Jagdish Chander
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
North India ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Grade 3

The diabetic population faces 80% increased risk of cellulitis, 4-fold increased risk of osteomyelitis and 2-fold risk of both sepsis and death caused by infections.Study objectives. The present study was carried out to assess the clinical aspects and microbiological profile of organisms isolated from 25 patients undergoing diabetic limb amputations.Materials and Methods. In 25 diabetes persons who underwent limb amputation, grading of ulcers was done according to Wagner system. Material was stained with Gram stain. Potassium hydroxide wet mounts were also studied. Culture was done in blood agar, MacConkey agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar tube slants and brain heart infusion broth and examined for growth. The histopathology sections were also studied and special stains were done.Results. Of 25 cases, 16 were males and 9 were females. The age ranged from 30 to 90 years (mean: 58?10.91). Majority of ulcers were grade 3. Osteomyelitis was seen in 13 (52%) cases; acute in 2 (8%), chronic in 3 (12%) and acute exacerbation of chronic osteomyelitis in 8 (32%) cases. On culture Proteus mirabilis was isolated in majority of cases followed by Escherichia coli. In 20 cases more than one bacterium were isolated. Candida was cultured in 8 cases followed by Trichosporon in 2 and Fusarium in one case. On histopathology Candida was seen in 3 cases, while one case showed spores of Trichosporon. 80% cases with osteomyelitis had polymicrobial infection.Conclusions. The isolation of etiologic agent helps in administering appropriate antibiotic regimens, thus reducing the problem of multidrug resistance, morbidity and surgical limb amputations in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Central dopamine D2 receptors regulate plasma glucose levels in mice through autonomic nerves

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Ikeda ◽  
Naomi Yonemochi ◽  
Risa Mikami ◽  
Manabu Abe ◽  
Meiko Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Systemic Injection ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hepatic Glucose

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that the central nervous system (CNS) regulates plasma glucose levels, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study investigated the role of dopaminergic function in the CNS in regulation of plasma glucose levels in mice. I.c.v. injection of neither the dopamine D1 receptor agonist SKF 38393 nor the antagonist SCH 23390 influenced plasma glucose levels. In contrast, i.c.v. injection of both the dopamine D2 receptor agonist quinpirole and the antagonist l-sulpiride increased plasma glucose levels. Hyperglycemia induced by quinpirole and l-sulpiride was absent in dopamine D2 receptor knockout mice. I.c.v. injection of quinpirole and l-sulpiride each increased mRNA levels of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, which are the key enzymes for hepatic gluconeogenesis. Systemic injection of the β2 adrenoceptor antagonist ICI 118,551 inhibited hyperglycemia induced by l-sulpiride, but not by quinpirole. In contrast, hyperglycemia induced by quinpirole, but not by l-sulpiride, was inhibited by hepatic vagotomy. These results suggest that stimulation of central dopamine D2 receptors increases plasma glucose level by increasing hepatic glucose production through parasympathetic nerves, whereas inhibition of central dopamine D2 receptors increases plasma glucose level by increasing hepatic glucose production through sympathetic nerves.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Ray ◽  
Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India. Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum samples by the ELISA method. Results: A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (+/-SD) of 41.2 (+/-15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8% patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity. Conclusion: Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21) Key Words: SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody, Seroprevalence, Hospitalized patient, COVID-19

scholarly journals Hypertension and diabetes as predictors of early death after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Tetri ◽  
Seppo Juvela ◽  
Pertti Saloheimo ◽  
Juhani Pyhtinen ◽  
Matti Hillbom
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Early Death ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
History Of

Object Previous investigators have suggested that a high mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and an elevated plasma glucose level at admission are associated with a poor outcome after hemorrhagic stroke. It remains unclear, however, whether hypertension and diabetes are responsible for this effect. High admission MABP and plasma glucose levels may also be markers of other factors such as stroke severity. Methods The authors retrospectively investigated the role of a high admission MABP and plasma glucose level together with other predictors of early death among 379 nonsurgical patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) who were admitted to the stroke unit of Oulu University Hospital. Results The 3-month mortality rate was 28%. The patients who died within 3 months of ICH had significantly higher plasma glucose levels and MABPs at admission (p < 0.001). After adjustments for patient sex, age, size and location of hematoma, Glasgow Coma Scale score at admission, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage, history of cardiac disease, and previous use of warfarin, history of diabetes (relative risk 1.61, 95% CI 1.03–2.53, p < 0.05) and high MABP at admission (relative risk 1.01 per mm Hg, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, p < 0.05) remained independent predictors of death 3 months after ICH. A high admission plasma glucose level and history of hypertension were not independent predictors of death. Conclusions A high MABP at admission was found to be an independent predictor of early death in patients with ICH. History of hypertension was not responsible for the effect. Admission hyperglycemia appeared to be a stress response to the severity of the bleeding, whereas diabetes predicted early death.

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