scholarly journals Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Mahendra ◽  
Basanta Kumar Choudhury ◽  
Tamanna Sharma ◽  
Neha Bansal ◽  
Richa Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

AbstractVitamin D serves as a precursor to the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, which has widespread actions throughout the body. Calcitriol regulates numerous cellular pathways that could have a role in determining cancer risk and prognosis. Low Vitamin D levels have been implicated in numerous disease processes including fracture risk, falls, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. Metabolite of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) regulates numerous genes that control gut physiology and homeostasis. 1,25(OH)2D3 serves various functions such as maintaining the integrity of epithelial barrier and absorption of calcium and phosphate, and the host's defense against pathogens, and the inflammatory response by several types of secretory and immune cells. Although epidemiological data remain inconsistent, and randomized control trials in humans do not yet exist to conclusively support a beneficial role for Vitamin D, results from some correlating studies strongly suggest that Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing cancer and that avoiding deficiency and adding Vitamin D supplements might be an economical and safe way to reduce cancer incidence and improve cancer prognosis and outcome. The present review highlights the role of Vitamin D in cancer of the gastrointestinal tract including esophagus, gastric (stomach), liver, pancreas, and colon.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in Reducing the Frequency of Asthma Attacks in Patients with Frequent Exacerbation of Asthma

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mubeen Ahmed Memon ◽  
Sheeba Faryal Ansari ◽  
Mumtaz Ali Lakho ◽  
Mukhtiar Hussain Jaffery ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Interventional Group

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is common among asthmatics with literature suggesting that its low levels in the body may trigger exacerbations and decrease the response to corticosteroid treatment. It has also shown to inhibit the production of cytokines, which in turn enhances the body’s response to corticosteroid treatment during an exacerbation. Therefore, maintenance of adequate levels of vitamin D in patients with asthma may reduce the risk of exacerbation and improve their general health. This study aims to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in preventing asthma exacerbations. Methods: This single blind parallel arm interventional study was conducted in the pulmonology ward in a tertiary care hospital from June 2018 to April 2020. Two hundred (n= 200) participants with a history of frequent acute exacerbation of asthma were enrolled in the study via consecutive convenient non-probability technique. Participants were divided into two groups; the placebo and the interventional group that received 200,000 IU of vitamin D capsule. Results: Compared to day 0, mean episodes of exacerbation in the interventional group were significantly lower after 180 days (1.1 ± 0.4 vs. 0.61 ± 0.3; p-value <0.0001). Similarly, number of asthma attacks in past 7 days was significantly lower in intervention group after 180 days (4.4 ± 2.7 vs. 3.1 ± 1.5; p-value 0.0001) Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation is a safe and cost-friendly approach to reducing asthma exacerbations. It may also help to improve the condition in severe asthmatics with low vitamin D levels.

scholarly journals Vitamin D dan paparan sinar matahari untuk mencegah COVID-19. Fakta atau mitos ?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1A) ◽  
pp. 320-328
Author(s):  
Maria Mexitalia ◽  
Martvera Susilawati ◽  
Rina Pratiwi ◽  
JC Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Latar Belakang : Paparan sinar matahari pada kulit merupakan cara terbaik untuk sintesis vitamin D. Kadar vitamin D yang adekuat dalam tubuh merupakan proteksi terhadap berbagai penyakit seperti penyakit degeneratif, kanker dan juga infeksi saluran napas. Beberapa penelitian menghubungkan kadar vitamin D yang rendah dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas COVID-19. Hal ini menyebabkan fenomena baru pada masyarakat yaitu kebiasaan berjemur. Tujuan : Artikel ini akan membahas tentang metabolisme vitamin D, peran sinar matahari dalam mengaktifkan vitamin D di dalam tubuh, dan peran vitamin D dalam berbagai penyakit, khususnya mekanisme imunitas untuk COVID-19. Diskusi : Vitamin D meningkatkan kekebalan alami seluler terutama dengan cara menginduksi peptida antimikroba, yang meliputi cathelicidin, LL-37, 1,25-dihdroxyvitamin D dan defensins. Selain itu vitamin D akan meningkatkan sekresi hidrogen peroksida pada sel monosit. Pemberian vitamin D dosis tinggi sebanyak 10.000 IU/hari selama beberapa minggu dilanjutkan 5000 IU/hari bermanfaat untuk mencegah COVID-19, walaupun hasilnya masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut. Absorpsi sinar matahari ke dalam tubuh manusia dipengaruhi oleh warna kulit, penggunaan bahan pakaian dan tabir surya , dan luas pajanan. Paparan sinar matahari sebesar satu Minimal Erythemal Dose (MED) pada orang dewasa dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi vitamin D setara dengan suplementasi 10.000 – 25.000 IU. Penelitian pada bayi yang diberi paparan 3 kali seminggu @ 5 menit pada jam 10.00-14.00, dengan paparan 50% area tubuh selama 2 bulan, mendapatkan kenaikan 25(OH)D sebesar 8,9 ng/mL. Simpulan : Vitamin D yang diaktifkan oleh paparan sinar matahari sangat bermanfaat sebagai proteksi berbagai penyakit termasuk juga pada COVID-19, walaupun efektifitasnya masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut. Kata Kunci : COVID-19, vitamin D, paparan sinar matahari   Background : The exposured of sunlight on the skin is the best way for vitamin D synthesis. Adequate vitamin D levels are protection against various diseases such as degenerative diseases, cancer and also respiratory infections. Several studies have linked between low vitamin D levels with COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This causes a new phenomenon in the community, namely sunbathing. Purpose : This review rearticle will discuss about vitamin D metabolism, the role of sunlight in activating vitamin D in the body, and the role of vitamin D in various diseases, specifically the immune mechanism for COVID-19.Discussion : Vitamin D increases cellular innate immunity mainly by inducing antimicrobial peptides, which include cathelicidin, LL-37, 1,25-dihdroxyvitamin D and defensins, and also increase the secretion of hydrogen peroxide in monocyte cells. The administration of high-dose vitamin D of 10,000 IU / day for several weeks followed by 5000 IU / day is useful to prevent COVID-19, although the results still require further research. The sun exposure to activated vitamin D body is affected by skin color, using of clothing and sunscreen, and area of ??exposure. Sun exposure of one Minimum Erythemal Dose (MED) in adults can increase vitamin D concentrations equivalent to 10,000 - 25,000 IU vitamin D supplementation. Study on infants who were given exposure 3 times a week @ 5 minutes at 10:00 to 14:00, with exposure 50% of body surface area for 2 months, increased 25(OH)D of 8.9 ng/mL. Conclusion : Vitamin D which is activated by sun exposure is very useful as protection for various diseases including COVID-19, although its effectiveness still requires further research. Keywords : vitamin D, sun exposure, COVID-19.

scholarly journals The role of vitamin D in selected autoimmune diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wiśniewska ◽  
Alicja Szypowska
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Autoimmune Reaction ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The authors of recently published scientific papers are focusing increasingly often on the effect of vitamin D on immune processes. In the case of deficiencies of this vitamin, an imbalance in the immune system is observed, which is associated with the intensification of the inflammatory reaction in the body and the increased possibility of an autoimmune reaction. Therefore, due to the growing interest of scientists in the relationship between the effects of vitamin D and the development of autoimmune diseases, this paper considers the use of Vitamin D in autoimmune therapies. However, the mechanism of vitamin D on individual autoimmune diseases has not been elucidated so far, therefore there is a need for further research. The importance of maintaining normal plasma vitamin D levels to reduce the risk of developing autoimmune diseases has been demonstrated by the authors of other studies. They showed that vitamin D levels influenced the course, severity of symptoms and frequency of relapses of autoimmune thyroid disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Extirpation of Adrenal Gland Ganglioneuroma Incidentally Diagnosed during Evaluation for Patchy Alopecia Areata in an Adolescent Boy

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-489
Author(s):  
Zlatan Zvizdic ◽  
Emir Haxhija ◽  
Adisa Chikha ◽  
Emir Milisic ◽  
Asmir Jonuzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: We present a 17-year-old boy with an incidentally diagnosed left adrenal ganglioneuroma during the diagnostic workup of alopecia areata. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: Laboratory investigations revealed vitamin D deficiency. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed and ganglioneuroma was confirmed histologically. At follow-up, the vitamin D supplements improved the vitamin D levels followed by a gradual regression of alopecia areata. However, it recurred 18 months later despite the normal levels of serum vitamin D and no tumor recurrence. Conclusion: Further studies should reveal the relationship between alopecia areata and ganglioneuroma as well as the role of vitamin D in alopecia areata.

Vitamin D: why does the body need it? The Importance of Controlling Vitamin D Levels All Year Round

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
O.A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Questions And Answers

Recently, there has been a growing amount of scientific information about the role of vitamin D in the body and the serious consequences of its deficiency. The article is structured in the form of questions and answers and focuses on the role of diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency and its subsidies

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Giulia Bivona ◽  
Bruna Lo Sasso ◽  
Caterina Maria Gambino ◽  
Rosaria Vincenza Giglio ◽  
Concetta Scazzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Key Questions

Vitamin D and cognition is a popular association, which led to a remarkable body of literature data in the past 50 years. The brain can synthesize, catabolize, and receive Vitamin D, which has been proved to regulate many cellular processes in neurons and microglia. Vitamin D helps synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission in dopaminergic neural circuits and exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities within the brain by reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress load. Further, Vitamin D action in the brain has been related to the clearance of amyloid plaques, which represent a feature of Alzheimer Disease (AD), by the immune cell. Based on these considerations, many studies have investigated the role of circulating Vitamin D levels in patients affected by a cognitive decline to assess Vitamin D’s eventual role as a biomarker or a risk factor in AD. An association between low Vitamin D levels and the onset and progression of AD has been reported, and some interventional studies to evaluate the role of Vitamin D in preventing AD onset have been performed. However, many pitfalls affected the studies available, including substantial discrepancies in the methods used and the lack of standardized data. Despite many studies, it remains unclear whether Vitamin D can have a role in cognitive decline and AD. This narrative review aims to answer two key questions: whether Vitamin D can be used as a reliable tool for diagnosing, predicting prognosis and response to treatment in AD patients, and whether it is a modifiable risk factor for preventing AD onset.

Vitamin D and sleep duration: Is there a bidirectional relationship?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mosavat ◽  
Aisling Smyth ◽  
Diana Arabiat ◽  
Lisa Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Sleep Length

AbstractVitamin D contributes to numerous physiological processes within the body but primarily calcium and bone homeostasis. Emerging evidence highlights a novel role for vitamin D in maintaining and regulating optimal sleep. Sleep is a known regulator of bone health, highlighting the interconnectedness between vitamin D concentrations, sleep duration and bone metabolism. It is possible that the relationship between sleep length and vitamin D is bidirectional, with vitamin D playing a role in sleep health and conversely, sleep affecting vitamin D levels. Nevertheless, limited information on the direction of the interaction is available, and much remains to be learned concerning the complex relationship between insufficient sleep duration and vitamin D deficiency. Given the potential to implement interventions to improve sleep and vitamin D supplementation, understanding this relationship further could represent a novel way to support and improve health.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention of Pancreatic Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pubudu Bulathsinghala ◽  
Kostas N. Syrigos ◽  
Muhammad W. Saif
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Advanced Stages

Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy of poor prognosis which is mostly diagnosed at advanced stages. Current treatment modalities are very limited creating great interest for novel preventive and therapeutic options. Vitamin D seems to have a protective effect against pancreatic cancer by participating in numerous proapoptotic, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, prodifferentiating, and immunomodulating mechanisms. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum concentrations are currently the best indicator of vitamin D status. There are three main sources of vitamin D: sun exposure, diet,and dietary supplements. Sun exposure has been associated with lower incidence of pancreatic cancer in ecological studies. Increased vitamin D levels seem to protect against pancreatic cancer, but caution is needed as excessive dietary intake may have opposite results. Future studies will verify the role of vitamin D in the prevention and therapy of pancreatic cancer and will lead to guidelines on adequate sun exposure and vitamin D dietary intake.

scholarly journals Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): Are Antiresorptive Drugs the Main Culprits or Only Accomplices? The Triggering Role of Vitamin D Deficiency

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Luca Dalle Carbonare ◽  
Monica Mottes ◽  
Maria Teresa Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
First Case ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Exposed Bone ◽  
Antiresorptive Drugs ◽  
Almost All

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a severe clinical condition characterized mostly but not exclusively by an area of exposed bone in the mandible and/or maxilla that typically does not heal over a period of 6–8 weeks. The diagnosis is first of all clinical, but an imaging feedback such as Magnetic Resonance is essential to confirm clinical suspicions. In the last few decades, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has been widely discussed. From the first case reported in 2003, many case series and reviews have appeared in the scientific literature. Almost all papers concerning this topic conclude that bisphosphonates (BPs) can induce this severe clinical condition, particularly in cancer patients. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism by which amino-BPs would be responsible for ONJ is still debatable. Recent findings suggest a possible alternative explanation for BPs role in this pattern. In the present work we discuss how a condition of osteomalacia and low vitamin D levels might be determinant factors.

The role of vitamin D in the development of type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
A.P. Shumilov ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Semchenkova ◽  
D.S. Mikhalik ◽  
T.G. Avdeeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D plays an important role in decreasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by influencing calcium metabolism, thereby reducing β-cell dysfunction and preventing insulin resistance. The findings of research works are contradictory enough, although some of them demonstrated an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. The article describes the biological mechanisms of relationships between vitamin D levels and type 2 diabetes, reviews the results of the studies conducted and summarizes the available data. Key words: vitamin D, type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance

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