scholarly journals Human occupation and land use process in the Itaim basin, Taubaté, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dos Santos Targa ◽  
Mauro Castilho Gonçalves ◽  
Celso De Souza Catelani ◽  
Nelson Wellausen Dias
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Rural Culture ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
The City

 Indiscriminate use of land leads to substantial changes in the routine of social groups. Caused predominantly by anthropic elements and historically observed by the behavior of the economic and social trajectories, this phenomenon causes changes in the landscape and territory. This investigation analyzed the historical and social incidents in the random occupation of a hydrographic basin, located in the city of Taubaté, State of São Paulo. It considers factors related to urban occupation and the characterization of the rural environment, based on the analysis of anthropic conditions related to gradual alteration of the landscape and the territorial environment, from a historical and environmental perspective. Based on topical incursions at particular points in the basin and analysis of components found in the water, a progressive and inevitable degradation of their natural characterization was found, as well as the urgent need of intervention by public entities, and the population that lives and works in the region is called for, in order to expand the preservation of what remains of history, environment and rural culture.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of an Areal Watershed in Taubaté, SP, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vicente Rodolfo Santos Cezar ◽  
Marcelo Dos Santos Targa ◽  
Celso De Souza Catelani
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Circularity Index

      In 1991, the Integrated Water Resources Management System (SIGRHI) in the State of São Paulo adopted the watershed as a territorial unit for studies, integrated planning and sustainable development. The morphometric analysis of small watersheds, which involves the characterization of geometric parameters, relief, drainage network, combined with land use and occupation, may constitute an important model for environmental analysis of larger watersheds. This study aimed at characterization of the morphometry in the Areal river basin, in the city of Taubaté, São Paulo. The study found 1.89 km² of area, 7.44 km of perimeter and 3.11 km in length of the basin axis, which allowed the calculation of the compactness coefficient (Kc = 1.51), form factor, (F = 0.195) and circularity index (CI = 0.43), indicating that under normal precipitation conditions, this basin is unlikely to be flooded, due to the distance from the unit, leading to smaller concentrate outflow. The results obtained for the Maintenance Coefficient (Cm) indicate that 260 m² is required to maintain each meter of perennial channel. The high values of drainage density (Dd = 3.35 km.km-2) and sinuosity index (Is = 0.95) indicate that drainage channels in the area are rectilinear, thus suggesting the occurrence of a high surface runoff associated with high dissection. The analysis of land use and occupation revealed that, from the seven types of vegetation cover, the dominant cover in the Areal basin is 0.756 km2 (40%) constituted of pasture, while forest represents 0.580 km2 (31%), 0.321 km2 (17%) of the land cover is constituted of degraded forest. In terms of conservation, the Areal basin is conserved because, besides being located in the environmental preservation area of the Una River Basin, it is located at the meeting of two ecological corridors and is occupied by only 8 families of rural producers. On the other hand, the creation of approximately 120 head of cattle in the upper part of the basin and the existence of gully erosion of the order of 0.018 km2 (1%) of the basin area, which led to increased runoff and sediment concentration in the flat areas marginal to the creek of Areal. Based on morphometric analysis, it was concluded that: Areal watershed presents high capacity to form new watercourses and their relief characteristics, with low sinuosity channels and high values of altimetric amplitude, channel gradient, and density. Drainage, allied to the existence of erosive processes, favors sediment flow and transport. Conservation actions are required to control erosion.

scholarly journals Criminal Profiling: Application of The FBI’s Typology in Homicides Occurred in the City of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-458
Author(s):  
Ulisses Condomitti
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Criminal Profiling ◽  
Federal Bureau Of Investigation ◽  
Investigative Technique ◽  
Criminal Profile ◽  
The City

The criminal profiling technique, developed in the second half of the last century, has proved to be a useful resource as an investigative technique, especially when conventional techniques have not been productive and is closely associated with the Behavioral Sciences and with Forensic Criminology, being used to direct to investigate by reducing the number of suspects in a crime. Among the various methodologies available, the Crime Scene Analysis stands out, popularly known as the “FBI Method”, developed by agents from the Behavioral Science Unit (BSU - Behavioral Science Unit) of the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation, an organ American investigation agency of federal autarchy, which has certain similarities to the Federal Police of Brazil) from the 1980s. In this article, the application of such methodology for the initial characterization of the criminal profile of homicide suspects ant authors in the city of São Paulo through the study of real cases in which the author worked, performing the examination of the crime scene.

Characterization of atmospheric aerosols in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: comparisons between polluted and unpolluted periods

2011 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 969-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taciana Toledo de Almeida Albuquerque ◽  
Maria de Fátima Andrade ◽  
Rita Yuri Ynoue
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Efeito das transformações antrópicas às margens do rio Una, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli Aparecida Perim ◽  
Maria Dolores Alves Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Degraded Area ◽  
The City ◽  
Anthropic Pressure

This study sought to support the mapping of occupied areas on the margin of rivers through the use of geoprocessing imaging technologies combined with the application of indices that measure the effects of the anthropic transformations in the environment, in order to verify the environmental degradation. The Anthropic Transformation Index is demonstrably efficient for space-time analyses on river basins and at environmental protection areas. In order to develop a data base to support public policies related to the preservation of the Una River Basin, this article presents the effects of the anthropic actions in the years 1962 to 2014, in the registry district of Taubaté, in the Vale do Paraíba Metropolitan Region. In order to collect data using photos and aerial images of the territory, geo-referencing and vectorization were performed by the QGIS program, which enabled quantification of the occupation and land use. Five occupational categories types had been identified in the area: watercourses, riparian forest, field or pasture, denser forest and urbanization. Afterwards, the ITA was applied and the index 5.5 was obtained, which indicates a degraded area, based on the percentage of land use and occupation. It was concluded that the greatest change occurred in a 52-year time span, in the landscape of registry district, where a marked anthropic pressure was observed.it is the significant anthropic pressure, close to the watercourses, towards the Una River Basin, in the city of Taubaté, in the state of São Paulo.

scholarly journals CONDIÇÕES HIDROLÓGICAS DE UMA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA COM DIFERENTES USOS DO SOLO NA REGIÃO DE TAQUARITINGA, SP.

Irriga ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-169
Author(s):  
Flávia Mazzer Rodrigues ◽  
Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra ◽  
Sérgio Campos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Weekly Sample ◽  
Sample Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Condições hidrológicas de uma bacia hidrográfica com diferentes usos do solo na região de Taquaritinga, SP. Flavia Mazzer Rodrigues1; Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra1; Sérgio Campos2 1Departamento de Engenharia Rural – Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, [email protected] de Engenharia Rural – Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 1 Resumo Nas áreas onde atividades antrópicas são desenvolvidas, como a agricultura, o uso do solo contribui consideravelmente nas características físicas, químicas e biológicas da água. O presente trabalho apresenta resultados das condições hidrológicas da Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego da Fazenda Glória, localizada no Município de Taquaritinga, Estado de São Paulo, realizado entre fevereiro e julho de 2005, cujo objetivo é diagnosticar as variações físicas e químicas na rede de monitoramento da água nas 4 microbacias de 1ª ordem de magnitude, com diferentes uso/ocupação do solo em torno das nascente. Para a análise da água, foram selecionados cinco pontos, sendo quatro deles nas nascentes e um ponto de amostragem na foz do Córrego da Fazenda Glória. A metodologia constitui de coletas de amostras semanais dos parâmetros de turbidez, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH e condutividade elétrica. A rede de drenagem com nascentes protegidas, situadas a montante da microbacia hidrográfica do Córrego da Fazenda Glória, foram as que receberam menores influência do sistema agrícola.Unitermos: recurso hídrico, ambiente, monitoramento ambiental.  RODRIGUES, F. M.; PISSARRA, T. C. T.;CAMPOS, S. HIDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN WATERSHEDS WITH DIFFERENT LAND USE AND OCCUPATION,  IN THE REGION OFTAQUARITINGA,BRAZIL  2 Abstract In areas where human activities, as agriculture, are developed land use contributes to physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water. This study aimed to identify physical and chemical variations of the water monitoring network in 4 first magnitude watersheds with different land use/occupation in the hydrographic basin of the Glori Farm Creek in the city ofTaquaritinga, State of Sao Paulo, from February to July, 2005. The methodology consisted of weekly sample water collections to naalyze turbidity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and electric conductivity. The characterization of the hydrological conditions of the watersheds showed that agricultural activities, including the productive system of the sugarcane cultivation, have affected the quality of water resources. KEYWORDS: water resources, environment, environmental monitoring. 

scholarly journals Land use and land cover changes in São Paulo Macro Metropolis and implications for water resilience under climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-50
Author(s):  
Demerval Gonçalves ◽  
Wilson Cabral Sousa Júnior ◽  
Luciana de Resende Londe ◽  
Marcos Pellegrini Coutinho ◽  
Walter Manoel Mendes Filho
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Climate Data

The São Paulo Macro Metropolis (MMP) is a geographical arrangement that brings together the most significant Brazilian socioeconomic figures and faces numerous challenges, such as heavy pressure on natural resources. Through compilation, spatialization and cross-referencing of data, this work assessed time series of land use and land cover of the last decades, the water supply status in an urban environment and climate data projection for MMP. Municipalities with different profiles were identified: those with positive final balances and those with negative final balances about the maintenance of their natural areas. Furthermore, more than half of the municipalities of the MMP have low water supply assurance, which can be aggravated due to climate change, as predicted in several climate models. The characterization of municipalities based on this information allowed identifying which of them are the most vulnerable, and these results indicate paths for coordinated actions at local and regional levels to increase water resilience in the macro-region.

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT URBAN LAND USE TYPES ON AIR POLLUTION IN THE MEGACITY OF SÃO PAULO

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Júlio Barboza Chiquetto ◽  
Maria Elisa Siqueira Silva ◽  
Rita Yuri Ynoue ◽  
Flávia Noronha Dutra Ribieiro ◽  
Débora Souza Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact

A poluição do ar é influenciada por fatores naturais e antropogênicos. Quatro pontos de monitoramento (veicular, comercial, residencial e background urbano (BGU))da poluição do ar em São Paulo foram avaliados durante 16 anos, revelando diferenças significativas devidoao uso do solo em todas as escalas temporais. Na escala diurna, as concentrações de poluentes primários são duas vezes mais altas nos pontos veicular e residencial do que no ponto BGU, onde a concentração de ozonio (O3) é 50% mais alta. Na escala sazonal, as concentrações de monóxido de carbono(CO) variaram em 80% devido ao uso do solo, e 55% pela sazonalidade.As variações sazonais ede uso do solo exercem impactos similares nas concentrações de O3 e monóxido de nitrogênio (NO). Para o material particulado grosso (MP10) e o dióxido de nitrogênio(NO2), as variações sazonais são mais intensas do que as por uso do solo. Na série temporal de 16 anos, o ponto BGU apresentou correlações mais fortes e significativas entre a média mensal de ondas longas (ROL) e o O3 (0,48) e o MP10 (0,37), comparadas ao ponto veicular (0,33 e 0,22, respectivamente). Estes resultados confirmam que o uso do solo urbano tem um papel significativo na concentração de poluentes em todas as escalas de análise, embora a sua influência se torne menos pronunciada em escalas maiores, conforme a qualidade do ar transita de um sistema antropogênico para um sistema natural. Isto poderá auxiliar decisões sobre políticas públicas em megacidades envolvendo a modificação do uso do solo.

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