Comparison of the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and nutritive value of barley and corn silages ensiled with or without a mixed bacterial inoculant

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Addah ◽  
J. Baah ◽  
P. Groenewegen ◽  
E. K. Okine ◽  
T. A. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Barley Silage ◽  
Daily Gain

Addah, W., Baah, J., Groenewegen, P., Okine, E. K. and McAllister, T. A. 2011. Comparison of the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and nutritive value of barley and corn silages ensiled with or without a mixed bacterial inoculant. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 133–146. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and corn (Zea mays) silage are the most commonly used forages in feedlot diets in western Canada, and are often inoculated in an effort to improve their preservation and quality. However, the relative value of these two forages in feedlot diets or their responses to inoculation have not previously been compared. Whole-crop barley (B) and corn (C) forage were ensiled for 63 and 77 d, respectively, in both mini silos and Ag Bags® without and with inoculation [Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici at 1.0×105 CFU g-1 forage; inoculated barley (IB), inoculated corn (IC)]. At the end of the ensiling period in mini silos, the pH of C and IC was lower (P<0.001) than B and IB silage, but lactate:acetate was higher (P<0.001) in IB than other silages (8:1 vs. ∼4:1). Inoculation did not affect dry matter (DM) loss during ensiling, but losses in barley were higher (P<0.001) than in corn silage. Barley silage appeared to be more stable than corn after 2 d of aerobic exposure. Inoculation of barley or corn did not affect in situ organic matter disappearance (OMD) or DM intake, average daily gain (ADG) or feed efficiency of steers. However, steers fed barley silage had a higher (P=0.037) DM intake, ADG (P=0.002) and improved (P=0.002) feed efficiency compared with those fed corn silage. The inoculant was more effective at improving the fermentation and aerobic stability of barley as compared with corn, and growth and feed efficiency of cattle fed barley silage was superior to those fed corn silage.

PSIV-2 A comparison of feedlot growth and performance of beef x Holstein crossbred steers and Holstein steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
Bailey L Basiel ◽  
Chad D Dechow ◽  
Tara L Felix
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Objectives were to compare feedlot performance and carcass traits of F1 beef × Holstein steers and Holstein steers. Angus or Limousin × Holstein crossbred [n = 27; age = 12 ± 3 months; body weight (BW) = 435 ± 8 kg] and Holstein (n = 20; age = 11 ± 2 months; BW = 400 ± 9 kg) steers were fed at the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Livestock Evaluation Center for 111 days. Feed intake was recorded using the GrowSafe Feed Intake Monitoring System (Model 4000E, GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Calgary AB, Canada). The diet contained corn silage, dried distillers grains, soybean meal, and cracked corn and was formulated to meet or exceed the requirements of beef cattle (NASEM, 2016). Growth performance variables of interest and carcass measurements were analyzed with the Mixed procedure of SAS (SAS 9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). USDA assigned quality grades (QG) and yield grades (YG) were analyzed the with GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Breed was a fixed effect in all models. There were no differences (P &gt; 0.05) between breeds in average daily gain or feed efficiency. Crossbreds exceeded Holsteins in initial (P &lt; 0.01) and final BW (P = 0.01), dry matter intake (P = 0.03), hot carcass weight (P &lt; 0.01), backfat (P = 0.03), and ribeye area (REA; P &lt; 0.01). Thirty-five percent (35%) of the Holsteins received a QG of Choice or above while 74% of crossbreds graded USDA Choice or above (P = 0.01). However, 75% of Holsteins were YG 2 or lower while only 45% of crossbreds achieved YG 2 or less (P = 0.05). There was no improvement in efficiency when crossbreds were compared to Holsteins; however, carcasses from crossbreds were more likely to grade USDA Choice or above while yielding greater REA and backfat than Holsteins.

scholarly journals 13 Effect of housing cow-calf pairs on dry lots vs pasture on calf performance and behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Lucas T Neira ◽  
Ashley E Cooney ◽  
Wesley P Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objectives were to analyze the effects of housing cow-calf pairs in dry lots (DL) or pasture (PAST) on calf performance and behavior through the receiving phase. Simmental × Angus (n = 108; 87 ± 11.5 d postpartum) spring-calving cows were stratified by age, BW, BCS, and calf sex and allotted to six groups. Cows were limit-fed a ration consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grain, corn stalks, dry rolled corn (DRC), and soybean hulls to meet protein and energy requirements. Calves had ad libitum access to same diet in an adjacent pen. Calves on PAST were rotationally grazed with free-choice mineral. After weaning (177 ± 11.5 d of age) all calves were fed a diet consisting of corn silage, wet distiller grains, DRC, and grass hay during the receiving phase (42 d). At the age 87, 142, 177, 198, and 219 ± 11.5 d, BW was measured. Hair coat score (HCS) and dirt score (DS) were measured on d 0 and d 90. Calf behavior was observed after feedlot arrival. Average daily gain, DMI and feed efficiency were also analyzed. The data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Dry-lot calves had greater (P < 0.01) BW and ADG prior to weaning. Calves from PAST had lower (P < 0.01) DS and greater (P < 0.01) HCS at weaning. Upon feedlot arrival, more (P < 0.01) DL calves were walking and had increased (P < 0.01) vocalizations. Calves from PAST had greater (P < 0.01) ADG, DMI as a percent of BW, and gain:feed than DL calves during the receiving phase. Calves raised in a dry lot had greater BW and ADG prior to weaning, but PAST calves had fewer behavioral signs of stress and greater growth performance in feedlot.

Use of triticale silage in diets for growing steers

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. ZoBell ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
D. F. Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Barley Silage ◽  
Daily Gain

A total of 120 steers were fed either barley silage (BS) or triticale silage (TS) combined with barley (B) or high-moisture barley (HMB) grain, as a total mixed ration in a 2 × 2 factorial design with three replications. The barley and triticale yields were 9.8 and 8.7 t ha−1, respectively. No differences (P > 0.05) in weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake or feed efficiency were observed for treatments or interactions. TS can be used to replace BS at moderate levels in growing steer rations containing barley grain. Key words: Barley, triticale, silage, steers, performance

scholarly journals 2 Evaluation of Masters Choice Corn Silage on Growing Steer Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 127-127
Author(s):  
jiehua Xiong ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Levi J McPhillips ◽  
Kyle Vosburgh ◽  
Galen E Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Fiber Digestion ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Abstract Corn hybrids can be selected for improved digestion rates using lab techniques, which should impact animal performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate two Masters Choice corn silage hybrids on growing steer performance. In an 84-day growing study, 288 crossbred steers (initial BW = 303 ± 12 kg) were utilized in a generalized randomized block design with three diet treatments, 12 steers per pen and 8 pen replicates per treatment. Diets consisted of 80% corn silage (DM basis) of Masters Choice hybrid MCT6365 RIB (MC1, that has been selected to improve fiber and starch digestion) and MCT6733 GT3000 (MC2, that has been selected to improve fiber digestion) were compared to a conventional corn hybrid Farm Choice (CON, that is commonly grown in Eastern Nebraska). All corn was grown in one field under identity preserved method and harvested at 37-38% DM in three consecutive days. Relative to CON, feeding MC1 resulted in similar dry matter intake (DMI, P = 0.28), but numerically increased average daily gain (ADG, P = 0.14) which significantly improved feed efficiency (G:F, P = 0.02). Feeding MC2 led to greater DMI (P &lt; 0.01), similar ADG (P = 0.45), and lower G:F (P &lt; 0.01) compared to CON. The results suggest that feeding Masters Choice hybrid MCT6365 RIB (MC1) corn silage at 80% of the diet DM improved ADG and G:F by 4.2%, while feeding MC2 decreased G:F by increasing DMI compared to CON. Differences in corn hybrids exist when feeding growing cattle 80% silage.

scholarly journals Performance and feed efficiency of beef cattle fed high energy diet with probiotic consortium technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Miranda MOREIRA ◽  
Javier Andrés Moreno MENESES ◽  
Cintia Vanin RIBEIRO ◽  
Alyce de Melo FARIA ◽  
Helena Graciani ARANTES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Fecal Score

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic consortium on feed intake, feeding behavior, feed efficiency, fecal score, weight gain and carcass traits in finishing Nellore heifers fed high energy diets in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore heifers were distributed in 12 pens with two animals each, being six pens per treatment. In the control treatment (CON) the animals were fed exclusively with the base diet, which contained 35% corn silage and 65% concentrate. In the treatment with probiotic consortium technology (TCP), the animals received the base diet and a single dose of 75 mL/animal/day of Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) top-dressed in the morning feeding. There was no period of adaptation to the diet. The experiment lasted 93 days. The use of TCP did not affect (P = 0.980) the dry matter intake. The average daily gain was 12.5% greater (P = 0.025) in the animals treated with TCP (0.941 kg/day for TCP versus 0.834 kg/day for CON). The animals that received TCP improved (P = 0.021) the feed efficiency by 12.6%. The animals that received TCP tended to have a better (P = 0.094) fecal score within the first 27 days of feedlot. There were no significant effects of TCP on the feeding behavior and carcass traits. Based on the results, there is a great potential of using TCP to improve productivity in beef cattle.

scholarly journals Effect of bambermycin and dietary distillers grains concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
Erik R Loe
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted comparing medicated feed additives (MFA) bambermycin or monensin sodium and tylosin phosphate in feedlot diets containing modified distillers grains (mDGS). Crossbred steers (n = 256; initial full BW 418 ± 28.5 kg) were allocated into three weight blocks in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were: MFA (bambermycin at 20 mg/steer daily or monensin + tylosin at 380 and 90 mg/steer daily, respectively) and mDGS inclusion (15% and 30% of diet DM). Twenty-four pens were utilized, resulting in six replications per treatment. Steers were fed a diet consisting of a 1:1 combination of dry-rolled and high-moisture corn with the roughage portion of the diet consisting of corn silage and corn stover. Steers in the heaviest two blocks were marketed after 104 d and steers in the lightest block were marketed after 126 d. Overall average daily gain (ADG) tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and was not affected (P = 0.17) by mDGS level. Dry matter intake was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with 30% mDGS with monensin and tylosin than with any other treatment. Feed efficiency was not affected by mDGS, MFA, or their interaction (P ≥ 0.30). Marbling scores were greater (P = 0.01) greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater with 15% mDGS than with 30% mDGS. Carcasses from steers fed bambermycin had a greater percentage of USDA choice than those fed with monensin and tylosin (P = 0.01). Liver abscess occurrence was not affected (P ≥ 0.17) by MFA, mDGS, or their interaction. Results from this experiment indicate that including bambermycin in feedlot diets containing 30% mDGS results in increased DMI when compared with including monensin and tylosin in 30% mDGS diet without the risk for increases in liver abscess occurrence.

Nutritive value of sausage casings from processed cattle hides

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
G. M. J. Horton ◽  
H. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Daily Gain

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the nutritive value of sausage casings prepared from cattle hides as a protein source for day-old hybrid (Hubbard × Hubbard) broiler chickens. The results demonstrate that sausage casings are an available protein source for broiler chicks that can be substituted for soybean meal at levels up to 8% of the feed without affecting average daily gain and feed efficiency. Key words: Sausage casings, cattle hides, broiler chickens, collagen, gelatin

Effects of immunocastration on the performance and meat quality traits of feedlot-finished Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. M. Gómez ◽  
A. Saran Netto ◽  
D. S. Antonelo ◽  
J. Silva ◽  
G. A. Sene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Daily Gain

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of immunocastration on the performance, testosterone concentration, carcass traits and meat quality of feedlot-finished Nellore cattle. Fifty-eight males (430 ± 36 kg bodyweight; 24 months old) were separated into three groups in a randomised complete design: surgically castration (n = 15), immunocastrated (anti-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Bopriva®) vaccine, n = 21) and non-castrated (n = 22). The animals were housed in individual pens and fed ad libitum for 90 days with a common diet comprising 70% concentrate and 30% roughage (corn silage). The non-castrated animals had a greater average daily gain, feed efficiency, hot carcass weight and carcass yield than the surgically castrated and immunocastrated animals (P &lt; 0.05). Surgically castrated cattle grew faster and more efficiently than those castrated immunologically (P &lt; 0.05). The surgically castrated and immunocastrated animals had higher colour values L*, a* and b* and cooking loss than non-castrated animals (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, immunocastration decreased cattle performance compared with surgically castrated or non-castrated animals. However, immunocastration resulted in better meat quality compared with non-castrated, making it an alternative to surgical castration with no negative effects on animal welfare.

SUPPLEMENTARY COPPER FOR GROWING CATTLE CONSUMING DIETS HIGH IN MOLYBDENUM OR MOLYBDENUM PLUS SULFUR

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. WITTENBERG ◽  
R. J. BOILA
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty-eight Cu-depleted beef steers were used in a 105-d growing trial to compare four methods of Cu supplementation. Corn silage-barley concentrate diets were supplemented to contain 10 mg kg−1 dry matter (DM) Mo, and 1.3 (low S) or 3.7 (high S) g kg−1 total S. Copper treatments within low and high S diets were: (1) no supplemental Cu (0Cu); (2) a dietary supplement of 10 mg kg−1 DM Cu in the complete feed, added as CuSO4∙5H2O to the concentrate (CuSO4); (3) 20 g copper oxide needles (CuON) orally dosed on day 0; and (4) injectable Cu (ICu) on day 0. Although average daily gain was not different (P > 0.05) among Cu treatments, DM intake was lower (P < 0.05) with CuSO4 and CuON than with 0Cu or ICu. Feed efficiency (FE; feed:gain ratio) was better (P < 0.05) with CuSO4 (FE = 5.60) than 0Cu (FE = 6.88), while CuON (FE = 6.04) and ICu (FE = 6.16) FE were intermediate to 0Cu and CuSO4. Increasing dietary S from 1.3 to 3.7 mg kg−1 DM resulted in lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of Cu and Mo in liver and plasma, and plasma ceruloplasmin activity. An improvement of FE with CuSO4 was related to increased Cu and lower Mo concentrations in the plasma and liver of steers. With ICu there was some indication of an improvement of Cu status. With CuON, measured parameters were indicative of a metabolic Cu insufficiency, but with a lower concentration of Mo in plasma. At the levels of supplementation used in this trial, CuSO4 was a better Cu supplement than CuON or ICu for cattle consuming diets containing excess Mo or Mo plus S. Key words: Cattle, molybdenum, sulfur, copper sulfate, copper oxide needles, injectable copper

scholarly journals 103 Effect of a single Revalor-XH or Revalor-200/Revalor-200 re-implant program and zinc supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and liver mineral of feedlot heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Messersmith ◽  
Emma Niedermayer ◽  
Grant Crawford ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Abstract A 169-d study utilizing 208 Angus-cross heifers (291 ± 23 kg; 4 sources) in a 2×2 factorial examined the effects of implant strategy and Zn supplementation on growth and mineral status of heifers. Factors included 2 implant (Merck Animal Health, Madison, NJ) strategies: extended-release Revalor-XH on d 0 (REV-XH; 20 mg estradiol+200 mg trenbolone acetate) or Revalor-200 on d 0 and 91 (REV-200; 20 mg estradiol+200 mg trenbolone acetate) and 2 supplemental Zn (mg/kg dry matter [DM]; ZnSO4) strategies: national (30; NRC) or industry (100; IND) recommendations. Heifers were blocked by weight within source (n = 5 or 6 heifers/pen; 9 pens/treatment), received a corn silage-based diet (d 0-56), then transitioned to a corn-based diet fed via concrete bunks. Data were analyzed in Proc Mixed of SAS; fixed effects of implant (IMP), Zn, interaction, and source with the repeated effect of time for average daily gain (ADG) and liver mineral. Initial weight served as a covariate for performance and carcass data. Revalor-200 had greater ADG from d 0-28 and 91-120, while REV-XH peaked during d 56-91 (IMP × time; P = 0.02), corresponding to likely periods of greatest hormone payout from each implant. Liver Mn concentrations decreased on d 14 regardless of implant while d 105 and 164 concentrations were lesser for REV-200 (IMP × time; P = 0.02). Hot carcass weight, DM intake, carcass-adjusted ADG and feed efficiency were not different between IMP strategies (P ≥ 0.18). Steers fed IND tended to be heavier on d 91 (P = 0.06) and were heavier on d 120 (P = 0.05) than NRC; however, final BW did not differ due to Zn (P = 0.37). The similar performance between implant strategies and superior performance during peak hormone payout by heifers supplemented IND vs. NRC suggests increased Zn may support rapid growth.

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