NUTRITIVE VALUE OF AIR-CLASSIFIED RAPESEED FRACTIONS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. LESLIE ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
J. D. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Dehulled Seed ◽  
Intact Seed ◽  
Original Seed ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Net Protein

Three samples of rapeseed, composed of high, medium, and low glucosinolate cultivars, were air-classified into various fractions and these fractions were subjected to chemical and biological evaluation. The dehulled fraction of the seed had higher protein and fat content and lower fiber content than the original seed. Digestible nitrogen (DN) and digestible energy (DE) content increased when the hull was removed. Net protein utilization was also higher in the dehulled seed than in the intact seed. No effects of glucosinolate level in the seed were noted with respect to DN or DE but feed consumption of chicks was increased on all tests when the low glucosinolate meal was fed.

The impact of laboratory chow for rats in the experiments: Chemical and biological evaluation of nine grain-based diet options

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Ferreira ◽  
L de Souza Morelini ◽  
EMC de Azeredo ◽  
ECS Vieira ◽  
EB Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Net Protein

Cereal-based diets formulated as semi-purified diets can provide flexibility for researchers, enabling open controlled formulas, besides being cheaper than purified diets. Seeking to widen the researchers’ options in their experimental design developments, we aimed at assaying the chemical score, growth performance and protein utilization of nine semi-purified experimental chows. These diets were formulated at 17.8%, 12% and 8% protein contents, using three variations of ingredients for each one, as follows: casein (C), casein+soybean meal (C+S, 1:1 w/w protein) and casein+soybean meal+corn gluten meal (C+S+G, 1:1:1 w/w protein), without cysteine supplementation and setting casein 17.8% (AIN-93G) as reference diet. The diets C and C+S (17.8%) had the Cys as the limiting amino acid once the addition of gluten turns the Lys as second limiting. All diets had the potential for promoting growth with body mass gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR; chow consumed per body weight gain, average 3.12) and feed efficiency ratio (FER; body weight gain per chow consumed, average 0.3), except for C+S+G 8% (FCR = 6 g; FER = 0.13). These variations were mainly due to the protein amounts independently from the protein ingredient used and could characterize the C+S+G 8% as unable to support growth. For the other parameters (digestibility, net protein ratio, net protein utilization and protein efficiency ratio), there were no relevant differences between the diets. We can conclude that 17.8%, 12% and 8% chows (C and C+S) allowed a proper combination of ingredients from the point of view of palatability, nutrient availability/utilization, metabolic processes, growth performance and feed utilization parameters.

scholarly journals A new biological method for estimating food protein nutritive value

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoshana Mokady ◽  
S. Vila ◽  
G. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
Net Protein

1. A new method has been devised for the nutritional evaluation of food protein quality. The method is analogous to the classical determination of net protein utilization (NPU). The suggested new criterion, the protein utilization by the liver (LPU), expresses the amount of food nitrogen ‘retained’ in the liver as a percentage of the food nitrogen intake.2. Five different foods, casein, soya-bean protein isolate, maize gluten, wheat gluten, cottonseed meal alone or with supplements of amino acids, a total of thirteen samples, were tested for LPU and NPU in groups of six rats. The correlation coefficient between values for LPU and NPU for all seventy-eight rats was +0.85 and was highly significant.

OAC WINTRI TRITICALE IN DIETS OF GROWING SWINE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ADEOLA ◽  
L. G. YOUNG ◽  
I. McMILLAN
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Net Protein

Two performance trials and two metabolism trials were conducted to evaluate the feeding value of two samples of OAC Wintri triticale for growing swine. The samples of triticale contained 15.5% (triticale A) or 10% (triticale B) protein on a dry matter basis. In trial 1, each sample replaced 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of protein from corn in a 15% protein (as-fed) corn-soybean meal diet. Diets had a constant soybean meal level and cornstarch was added as appropriate to make diets isonitrogenous. Each diet was fed to five individually penned pigs (average weight 22 kg). Forty-eight pigs were utilized in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of triticale sample (triticale A or triticale B), dietary protein (15 or 17%) and percent corn replaced (0, 50 or 100%) in trial 2. Soybean meal in diets was adjusted as appropriate to obtain a 15 or 17% protein diet. Daily gain (P < 0.10) and feed consumption (P < 0.05) were greater for pigs fed triticale B than triticale A in both experiments. While feed efficiency was not different between the two samples of triticale in trial 1, triticale B had better (P < 0.01) feed efficiency than triticale A in trial 2. The corn-soybean meal diet promoted faster gains and higher feed consumption (P < 0.05) than the triticale A-soybean meal diet. As the level of triticale A in the diets increased, daily gain, feed intake and feed efficiency declined in both trials. Digestible and metabolizable energy values (kcal g−1) declined (P < 0.01) linearly as level of triticale in the diet increased. Dry matter digestibility declined (P < 0.01) as the level of triticale increased in trial 2 and as the level of triticale B in diets increased in trial 1. There was no change in dry matter digestibility as the level of triticale A in diets increased in trial 1. Biological value and net protein utilization were lower (P < 0.01) for diets containing triticale A than triticale B. Level of triticale in diets did not affect apparent protein digestibility, biological value and net protein utilization (P > 0.10) in either trial. In a soybean-meal-supplemented diet, the energy value of triticale relative to corn appears to be about 90%. Key words: OAC Wintri triticale, digestibility, energy, pigs, performance, protein

scholarly journals Obligatory Nitrogen Losses in Pregnant Rats with Special Reference to Estimation of Net Protein Utilization.

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-499
Author(s):  
Sadaichi SAKAMOTO ◽  
Masahiro MORI ◽  
Masaharu OHNAKA ◽  
Yoshiaki NIIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Nitrogen Losses ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Net Protein

EVALUATION OF PROTEIN IN FOODS VIII. INFLUENCE OF QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF DIETARY PROTEIN ON NET PROTEIN UTILIZATION

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Morrison ◽  
Z. I. Sabry ◽  
N. T. Gridgeman ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
New Model ◽  
Chemical Score ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
Maximum Utilization ◽  
General Prediction

The relation between the percentage of dietary Calories derived from protein (P) and the corresponding net protein utilization (N.P.U. or U) was studied with various proteins of different nutritional value. At P > 40 the experimental results (from rats) did not fit the Miller–Payne linear model. A semilogarithmic plot, however, accommodated all the data, ranging from P = 10 to P = 80. The new model yields, by extrapolation, values of maximum utilization that agree well with the protein (chemical) scores. A general prediction equation is given that enables N.P.U. to be calculated from a knowledge of P and of the chemical score of the protein or protein mixture at issue.

NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF AN ENSILED PRODUCT FROM FISH

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1879-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Krishnaswamy ◽  
S. B. Kadkol ◽  
G. D. Revankar
Keyword(s):  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Skim Milk Powder ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Streptococcus Lactis ◽  
Available Lysine ◽  
Net Protein

Ensiled fish was prepared from a local variety of freshwater fish (Barbus carnaticus) by fermentation with a pure culture of Streptococcus lactis, commercial lactose being used as a source of fermentable carbohydrate. The fermented material (pH 4.7) was roller dried. The finished product was cream colored and had a somewhat aromatic odor. It had a protein content of about 72%. Total lysine, available lysine, methionine, cystine, and tryptophan of the ensiled fish (expressed as g/16 g N) were 10.1, 8.1, 3.6, 1.1, and 1.2%, respectively. Hygienically, the product, being free from coliforms, enterococci, Salmonella, coagulase-positive staphylococci, and pathogenic anaerobes, was satisfactory. The biological value of the product as determined by protein efficiency ratio (3.3), net protein utilization (82.3%), and net protein ratio (4.2) was not significantly different from that of skim milk powder, which has a protein efficiency ratio of 3.2, net protein utilization of 82.8%, and net protein ratio of 4.9.

NUTRITIVE VALUE OF RAPESEED FLOUR FOR MINK: EFFECTS ON LIVE PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT UTILIZATION, THYROID FUNCTION AND PELT QUALITY

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BELZILE ◽  
L. S. POLIQUIN ◽  
J. D. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Matter Basis

A trial for testing the replacement value of rapeseed flour (RF) (blend of Brassica napus and campestris) for raw meat was conducted with growing-furring mink. The RF contained 67% crude protein and approximately 1/10 of the quantity of glucosinolates normally found in commercial meal. Forty male pastel mink were fed diets containing 0, 6.5, 13.4 and 20% RF (dry-matter basis) from the end of July to pelting. On a dry-matter basis, the diets contained approximately 41% protein and the percentages of protein as RF protein were 0, 4.3, 9 and 12.4. Initially, the animals ate significantly (P < 0.05) more feed and grew significantly (P < 0.05) faster on the 0 and 6.5% RF diets, but later, weight gain and feed consumption were the same for all groups (P > 0.05). After 70 days on trial, weight gain was less (P < 0.05) on the 20% RF diet compared with the 0 and 6.5% diets. There was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the apparent digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy and nitrogen, and in nitrogen retention for the mink receiving the diets containing 13.4 and 20% RF. Mink fed the 20% RF diet showed significant (P < 0.05) thyroid hypertrophy, but at slaughter serum protein-bound iodine level was the same (P > 0.05) for all groups. There was little difference among groups with respect to pelt size and pelt quality.

EVALUATION WITH RATS OF YEAST (Candida utilis) AND GARBAGE SWILL PROTEIN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MAYLIN ◽  
A. CERVANTES ◽  
R. BEAMES
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Net Protein ◽  
True Protein Digestibility

True protein digestibility and biological value of three sources of protein used in the feeding of pigs in Cuba were measured with rats. The sources were dried yeast (Candida utilis), cream yeast (C. utilis), and autoclaved garbage swill. The true protein digestibility of swill (84.4%) was similar to that of dried yeast. However, the true protein digestibility of cream yeast (96.3%) was significantly higher. Biological values of swill, dried yeast and cream yeast were 79.7, 72.3 and 76.6%, respectively, to produce respective net protein utilization (true protein digestibility × biological value) values of 67.4, 61.4 and 73.8%. The results support the present policy in Cuba of feeding yeast in the undried form. Key words: Rats, yeast, garbage, protein evaluation

EVALUATION OF PROTEIN IN FOODS: VII. FACTORS INFLUENCING NET PROTEIN UTILIZATION AS DETERMINED BY CARCASS ANALYSIS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1663-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Morrison ◽  
Z. I. Sabry ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Net Protein

The effects of deficiency of vitamins and minerals on net protein utilization (N.P.U.) values obtained with casein at various protein levels were studied in growing male rats. Animals given diets without added vitamins and minerals lost weight and had reduced N.P.U. values. Carcass analysis data indicated that nitrogen retention occurred in these animals concomitantly with loss of body water and fat. In further studies, a direct relationship was observed between N.P.U. values and the dietary lysine content, at lysine concentrations varying from 0.32 to 0.72%. The use of various control groups to estimate endogenous and metabolic nitrogen losses gave similar N.P.U. values.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document