THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 68. Crataegus crus-galli L. sensu lato

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. DICKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Fleshy Fruit ◽  
Great Abundance ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
Large Numbers

Crataegus crus-galli L. sensu lato (cockspur hawthorn) is one of the most readily identified Canadian hawthorns. It occurs frequently, and often in great abundance, on abandoned or poorly managed agricultural land in southern Ontario. These shrubs or small trees are difficult to remove and because of their thorns highly resistant to grazing. The weediness of cockspur hawthorn appears to be a function principally of reproductive characteristics (apomixis and self-fertility in abundant, unspecialized flowers each of which may develop into a fleshy fruit) that result in the production and dispersal of large numbers of seed annually (or biennially).Key words: Weed biology, cockspur hawthorn, Crataegus crus-galli, distribution

The biology of Canadian weeds.: 97. Barbarea vulgaris R.Br.

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. MacDonald ◽  
Paul B. Cavers
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Barbarea Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Disturbed Areas

Barbarea vulgaris R.Br. is an introduced weed of recently disturbed areas, small-seeded grain crops, roadsides and pastures. It is abundant in southern Ontario, Quebec and the northeastern U.S.A.; frequent in the Maritimes, British Columbia and the northwest coastal U.S.A.; and rare south of 33°N, north of 50°N and across the prairies. The weediness of this species largely results from its prolific seed production, enforced and induced seed dormancy, and its rapid growth under favourable conditions. Key words: Barbarea vulgaris, yellow rocket, weed biology

Note on Injury to Tree Fruits by Frankliniella tritici (Fitch) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

1955 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 238-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Great Abundance ◽  
Essex County ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Tree Fruits

The thrips Frankliniella tritici (Fitch) occurred in great abundance early in May, 1954, in orchards of tree fruits in Essex County, Ontario.Observations during the first three weeks of May showed that this insect was abundant on the foliage and blossoms of apple, sweet and sour cherries, plum, and peach. Sweet cherry, European plum, and peach suffered the greatest attack. On sweet cherry and plum large numbers of eggs were inserted in blossom stems, styles and apices of the ovaries. From 30 to 50 per cent of the blossoms of sweet cherry and plum were destroyed, apparently because of disruption of tender tissues by the large numbers of eggs inserted in them; a considerable number of the fruits remaining on the trees were injured by feeding of adults and immature stages of the thrips (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Análise dos Fatores que Influenciaram na Modernização e na Expansão da Agropecuária no Estado de Goiás

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Batista Alves
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Structure Modification ◽  
Land Price ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Technology Standard ◽  
Technological Standard ◽  
Standard Structure ◽  
The Relationship

A proposta básica deste trabalho é tentar compreender como se dá a expansão de fronteiras no estado de Goiás verificando as relações entre o preço da terra e as variáveis de padrão tecnológico - terras irrigadas, número de tratores, investimentos, dentre outras. Realizou-se uma análise das correlações entre as variáveis preço da terra de pastagem e agrícola e as variáveis que compõem o nível de padrão tecnológico, chegando-se à conclusão de que a variação nos preços da terra não está associada à modificação da estrutura do nível de padrão tecnológico em função do baixo coeficiente de correlação encontrado. Isso pode ter ocorrido, talvez, por uma forte especulação de terras no território, pois a antiga região de fronteira foi se tornando saturada impedindo novas ocupações ou assentamentos. Palavras-chaves: Frente de expansão, frente pioneira, renda diferencial, padrão tecnológico, coeficiente de correlação.Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to try to understand as how occurs the borders expansion in the state of Goiás showing the relationship between land price and the variables of technological standard, as irrigated lands, tractors number and investments among others. It has been done an analysis of correlations among variables as cattle and agricultural land price and composing variables of the level of technological standard, structure modification of technology standard, as function of low coefficient of found correlation. It could occurred, maybe, by a strong speculation of land prices in this area, as the ancient border region was been saturated obstructing new occupations and settlements. Key Words: Expansion front, pioneer front, differential income, technological standard, correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals Productive soils as basis for effective agricultural land use in Carpathian region of Ukraine

2013 ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinovii Pankiv
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Definition Of

The structure of soils in Carpathian region of Ukraine, which is involved for agricultural land use, including for arable land, has been analyzed. The basic steps to increase the area of arable land have been described. Integrated approach with using spatial, legal, environmental, and economic performance has been proposed for definition of the efficiency of agricultural land use. The appellation “soil use” for characteristic the type using of agricultural land resources has been proposed. Key words: productive soils, land use, the Carpathian region of Ukraine, soil use

Megaliths and Holy Places in the Genesis of the Kingdom of Asturias (North of Spain, ad 718–910)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel de Blas Cortina ◽  
Marta Díaz-Guardamino
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Fluvial Terrace ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
North Of Spain ◽  
Bear Witness

Flowing from the Picos de Europa mountain range into the Bay of Biscay (in a SW–NE direction), the River Sella is the main dividing axis of the highly mountainous territory of Asturias, northern Spain, with peaks up to 2,500 metres. The first known human traces in the Sella river basin date back to the Middle Palaeolithic and include remains of thirteen Neanderthal individuals found in the cave of El Sidrón. Archaeological remains dating to the Upper Palaeolithic and the Epipalaeolithic are frequent throughout the region. The adoption of the Neolithic way of life in Asturias was modest. The polished axes found in large numbers and mostly manufactured with rocks imported from other regions, are one of the main sources of evidence to study the Asturian Neolithic. The most noticeable archaeological evidence for this period is, however, the megalithic phenomenon, the earliest monuments dating to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC. Unlike the usual concentrations of barrows and dolmens in other areas of northern Iberia, these constructions are often found on high ground, strategically overlooking the main stretches of well-travelled pathways. The most prominent Asturian megalith, Santa Cruz (Cangas de Onís), however, differs from the pattern outlined above, as it was placed on a fluvial terrace, on a location often flooded by the Sella and Güeña rivers, which meet here (Blas Cortina 1997a; 1997b). The low altitude and the fair conditions of the optimal Holocene would have provided the basis for a densely forested environment throughout the fifth and fourth millennia bc. Historically, the most populated town of this region has been Cangas de Onís, located in the confluence of the Sella and Güeña rivers, where the best agricultural land is also found. These apt conditions also extend to the adjoining valley of Güeña, home to the sites of Covadonga and Abamia, which bear witness to the interweaving of prehistoric memory and Medieval affairs that will be discussed in this chapter.

Morphological and anatomical characterization of ectomycorrhizas and ectendomycorrhizas on Pinus strobus seedlings in a southern Ontario nursery

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2057-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Ursic ◽  
R. Larry Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Thelephora Terrestris ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Conifer Seedlings ◽  
The Given ◽  
Pot Culture

A morphological and anatomical study of the mycorrhizas on Pinus strobus L. was conducted on seedlings excavated from St.-Williams nursery in southern Ontario. Micro- and macro-scopic characters were used to classify the morphotypes into complexes and, when possible, genera and species. An E-strain fungus, fungi from the Mycelium radicis atrovirens (MRA) complex, and an unidentified ascomycetous "red-type" fungus formed ectendomycorrhizal (EECM) associations, while Tuber sp., Hebeloma sp., and Thelephora terrestris formed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations in the nursery. Cultures of Hebeloma sp., the E-strain fungus, Tuber sp., and two morphologically distinct MRA fungi (MRA1, later identified as Phialophora finlandia Wang & Wilcox, and MRA2, unidentified) were isolated from field-collected morphotypes and re-inoculated onto Pinus strobus seedlings grown in semisterile pot cultures for 4 months. In the resynthesis experiment, the E-strain fungus formed EECM with sparse intracellular colonization, and Tuber sp. formed ECM with characteristic cystidia and densely packed mantles, as they had in the field. However, unlike the MRA field specimens, Phialophora finlandia formed ECM in pot culture. Hebeloma sp., normally an ECM former with conifer seedlings, did not form mycorrhizal structures under the given culture conditions, and neither did the MRA2 isolate. Key words: ectomycorrhiza, ectendomycorrhiza, Pinus strobus, Tuber sp., Phialophora finlandia, E-strain.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 126. Amaranthus albus L., A. blitoides S. Watson and A. blitum L.

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Costea and F. J. Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

A review of biological information is provided for three species of the genus Amaranthus: A. albus L., A. blitoides S. Watson and A. blitum L. The last species has been revised taxonomically and a new subspecies for Canada is presented-A. blitum subsp. emarginatus (Moq. ex Uline & Bray) Carretero, Munoz Garmendia & Pedrol. Amaranthus albus and A. blitoides are native to the U.S.A. and introduced to Canada. Both species are annual ruderal and agrestal weeds. During the past 100 yr the two species have spread across most provinces of Canada, but the greatest frequency and abundance have been recorded in Saskatchewan. Originating from Europe, Asia and North Africa, A. blitum was initially considered a non-persistent species. The present study shows that A. blitum especially, subsp. emarginatus, has continued to spread in Québec. The three species are alternate hosts to many insects, nematodes, viruses, bacteria and fungi that affect cultivated plants. In other areas (U.S.A., Europe and Asia), the three species have developed multiple resistance to triazine and acetolactate-synthase-inhibiting herbicides. Key words: Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus blitum, weed biology, ecology, taxonomy, herbicide resistance

NATIVE FIXED AMMONIUM AND FIXATION OF ADDED AMMONIUM IN RELATION TO CLAY MINERALOGY IN SOME ONTARIO SOILS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. DORAM ◽  
L. J. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Southern Ontario

Six soil profiles belonging to the Brookston, Lockport, Guelph, Chinguacousy and Haldimand series were sampled in southern Ontario. Illite contents of the clay fractions ranged from 25 to 56% and vermiculite contents ranged from 13 to 53%. The native fixed ammonium content varied from 57 to 367 μg/g and accounted for between 3 and 44% of the total nitrogen, being proportionally less in Ap horizons. Results of simple linear regression analyses demonstrated significant correlations of native fixed ammonium with percentages of clay, illite, illite plus vermiculite and K2O. The amount of ammonium fixed increased with increasing concentration of added ammonium up to the highest rate of application (2000μg NH4+/g soil). Regression analysis indicated that vermiculite was more important in the fixation of added NH4+ than illite. Studies on Ap horizons comparing the amount of NH4+ fixed with the amount of K− fixed for equivalent amounts of added cation showed that K+ was fixed in greater quantities than NH4+. Key words: Native fixed NH4+, NH4+ fixation, clay mineralogy

Porodisculus pendulus: systematics, cultural characters, and Canadian records

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ginns
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
First Time

The first documented records of Porodisculus pendulus in Canada are from southern Ontario and southwestern Quebec. The cultural characters of the fungus are described for the first time. The numerous and sometimes improper names applied to this fungus are detailed and discussed, and type specimens are indicated for the epithets. Allied species are discussed. The global distribution of the fungus, which includes Africa, Asia, Australasia, and the Americas, is expanded. Key words: Basidiomycetes, systematics, Porodisculus, biogeography.

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