Effect of fertilizer management, genotype, and environmental factors on some malting quality characteristics in barley

A field study conducted at two sites over 3 yr determined that malting quality in barley was influenced largely by environmental and genetic (genotype) factors. Fertility management had a lesser effect, with N fertilizer application having the largest component effect. Results suggest that producers will be limited in their management options when striving for optimal malting quality in barley. Key words: Malting barley, fertilizer management, interactions

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A STUDY OF YIELD AND PROTEIN RESPONSE OF MALTING BARLEY VARIETIES TO DIFFERENT FERTILIZERS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps58-069 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 430-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. N. Larter ◽

J. Whitehouse

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Malting Quality ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Malting Barley ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Testing Period ◽

Cent Point ◽

Protein Response

A study was initiated in 1952 to determine the effect of various fertilizers on yield, protein percentage and saccharifying activity of three varieties of malting barley. The varieties Montcalm, O.A.C. 21 and Olli were used throughout a 6-year testing period from 1952 to 1957. During the first 4 years of experimentation, fertilizer treatments included 20 and 40 lb./acre of 11–48–0, 72 and 96 lb./acre o f 16–20–0, and 60 lb./acre of ammonium nitrate. During the last 2 years of testing, the rates of fertilizer application consisted of 40, 60, 80 and 100 lb./acre of 11–48–0 and 96, 120 and 144 lb./acre of 16–20–0.The combined analysis of variance for yield for each of the two periods (1952–55 and 1956–57) showed fertilizer effects to be significant to the 1 per cent point. A significant "variety × fertilizer" interaction was found to occur for each period and was attributable to the differential response of the three varieties particularly at the high levels of fertilizer application.In 3 of the 5 years in which quality analyses were conducted, crude protein percentage and saccharifying activity of fertilized Montcalm and O.A.C. 21 were increased in comparison with control (unfertilized) material. In contrast, the protein percentage of Olli was not influenced by fertilizer treatment in any year.Varietal fluctuations in saccharifying activity values, either between years or between treatments, paralleled those for protein.From the practical viewpoint, it is doubtful whether the actual magnitude of protein increases, as found in the present study, was sufficient to consider fertilization as detrimental to malting quality.

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PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DI LOMBOK

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v12n1.2006.20-26 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

USMAN DARAS ◽

J. PITONO

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Key Words ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Anacardium Occidentale ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Plot Size ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRAK Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis dan komposisi pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete yang ditanam pada tanah regosol cokelat-kelabu di Desa Loloan, Kecamatan Bayan, Lombok Barat, dari tahun 1997 sampai 2000. Faktor yang diuji adalah: (1) komposisi NPK, 2 macam (1:1:1, dan 1:1:2); dan (2) dosis pupuk, 4 taraf (500, 750, 1000 dan 1500 g/pohon/tahun). Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan dan ukuran petak 4 pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman jambu mete cukup responsif terhadap pemupukan. Pemberian pupuk menaikkan kandungan hara N, P dan K daun. Dosis pupuk yang cukup memadai untuk menunjang pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete adalah 500, 750, dan 1000 g NPK/pohon/tahun dengan komposisi pupuk NPK 1:1:2, masing- masing untuk umur tanaman 5, 6, dan 7 tahun. Pupuk tersebut diberikan dalam 2 kali agihan, yaitu 50% pada awal musim hujan, dan 50% lagi menjelang akhir musim hujan. Kata kunci : Jambu mete, Anacardium occidentale, pemupukan, pertumbuhan, produksi, Nusa Tenggara Barat ABSTRACT Effect of fertilizer application on the growth and yield of cashew in Lombok A field study was conducted on cashew trees grown at grayish- brown regosol soil located at Loloan, Bayan, West Lombok, from 1997 to 2000. The objectives of the study were to examine the effect of NPK fertilizer and its composition on growth and yield of cashew. Treatments examined were: (1) composition of NPK (1:1:1, and 1:1:2); and (2) fertilizer dosage (500, 750, 1000 and 1500 g NPK/tree/year). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with 4 replications and plot size of 4 plants. Research results showed that the application of fertilizers significantly affected the growth and yield of cashew. The content of N, P and K in cashew leaves improved as the fertilizer dosage increased. Appropriate amounts of NPK were 500, 750 and 1000 g NPK/tree/year with composition of 1:1:2 for cashew trees of 5, 6 and 7 years old, respectively. The fertilizers were applied twice a year (50% in the beginning of rainy season, and 50% in the end of rainy season). Key words : Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, fertilizer application, growth, yield, West Nusa Tenggara

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Ritualinis mandagumas (ta’ârof) šiuolaikinio Irano visuomenėje ir tarpkultūrinėje komunikacijoje: Teherano šiaurinės dalies atvejis

Lietuvos etnologija / Lithuanian ethnology ◽

10.33918/25386522-1928008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (28) 2019 ◽

pp. 169-190

Author(s):

Dalia Sabaliauskienė

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Key Words ◽

Intercultural Communication ◽

Capital City ◽

Cultural Environment ◽

City Culture ◽

Face Maintenance

This paper examines the concept and practices of the Iranian ritual courtesy ta’ârof in northern Tehran, based on field-study findings, and analyses its expression in intercultural communication. It examines how contemporary Iranians perceive ta’ârof, what practices of ritual courtesy are commonly found, and whether configurations of the Iranian code of courtesy remain stable in the changing cultural environment. The study employs the theory of face maintenance and data from Iranian face and diaspora research. It shows emic perceptions of ta’ârof, and reveals its practices in Tehran, alongside tendencies of expression among Iranians living in Lithuania. Key words: ta’ârof, ritual courtesy, capital-city culture, intercultural communication, contemporary Iran.

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N Management of European Grasslands: Can the Exchange of Gaseous N Species Be Influenced at the Operational Level?

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2001.373 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 652-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Calanca ◽

A. Neftel ◽

J. Fuhrer

Keyword(s):

Late Summer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Effective Control ◽

Management Options ◽

Total N ◽

Model Calculations ◽

Weather Forecasts ◽

Grassland Ecosystems ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

N Management

Grassland ecosystems can be regarded as biochemical reactors in which large amounts of organic nitrogen (N) are converted into inorganic N, and vice versa. If managed in a sustainable manner, grasslands should operate in a quasi steady state, characterized by an almost perfect balance between total N input and output. As a consequence, the exchange of gaseous N species (NH3, NO, NO2, N2O, and N2) between grasslands and the atmosphere is very small compared to the total N turnover. In this study, the effects of two management options (mowing and fertilization) on production and emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) from a grass/clover crop were examined on the basis of observations and model results referring to an experiment carried out on the Swiss Plateau in late summer of 2000. It was found that production and emission of N2O induced by mowing were of the same order of magnitude as those brought about by fertilization, suggesting a possible transfer of N from clover to the soil after defoliation. Emissions were strongly modulated by precipitation on time scales ranging from 1 day to 1 week. This indicates that effective control of N2O emissions through management on a day-to-day basis requires reliable medium-range weather forecasts. Model calculations were not able to reproduce essential characteristics of the emissions. The model slightly overestimated the background emissions, but severely underestimated the emission peaks following fertilizer application, and largely failed to reproduce emission induced by mowing. Shortfalls in the model used for this study were found in relation to the description of soil-water fluxes, soil organic matter, and the physiology of clover.

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A field study of competition and interaction between Lemna minor and Lemna trisulca

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b89-373 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 2904-2911 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alexander L. McIlraith ◽

Gordon G. C. Robinson ◽

Jennifer M. Shay

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Field Study ◽

Key Words ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Lemna Minor ◽

Survey Methods ◽

The Other ◽

Transplant Experiment ◽

Replacement Series ◽

Vegetative Biomass

Field experiments and survey methods were used to assess competition and interaction between Lemna minor L. and Lemna trisulca L. at Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Sites were dominated by one or the other species or codominated by both. Replacement series experiments predicted codominance of L. minor and L. trisulca in an unshaded eutrophic site but predicted L. minor dominance when run for a longer time. Similar experiments conducted in a shaded eutrophic site predicted L. minor dominance. Addition series experiments showed that intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred in the unshaded site. In a eutrophic unshaded ditch, high densities of L. minor suppressed L. trisulca. In a eutrophic shaded site, high densities of L. minor and green algae inhibited L. trisulca, and in a sunny, less eutrophic site high density of each species inhibited the other. In a transplant experiment, L. minor biomass in shaded enclosures approached that found naturally in two shaded sites. Lemna trisulca persisted when shaded. Vegetative biomass trends in an unshaded eutrophic marsh ditch indicated spring and fall L. trisulca dominance and summer L. minor dominance. Shaded eutrophic sites were dominated by L. minor, whereas a less eutrophic site was dominated by L. trisulca. A model is developed to explain dominance patterns, and seasonal life-history responses are considered. Key words: Lemna, duckweed, competition, interaction, resources, light, nutrients.

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Osteopetro-Rickets: A Rare Paradoxical Association in an Infant

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5292 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 88-89

Author(s):

MB Patil

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Key Words ◽

Bone Disease ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Severe Anaemia ◽

Management Options ◽

Positive Balance ◽

Malignant Osteopetrosis ◽

Infantile Malignant Osteopetrosis ◽

Key Words Osteopetrosis

Infantile malignant osteopetrosis is a hereditary bone disease with intense positive balance of body calcium. Osteopetro-rickets is a very rare paradoxical association of infantile osteopetrosis and rickets. This is a case report of an infant with osteopetro- rickets. He presented with severe anaemia, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and clinical signs of rickets. The clinical, biochemical and skeletal survey showed osteopetrosis and rickets. We also describe the pathophysiologic mechanism and various management options. Key words: Osteopetrosis; Osteopetro-rickets; Rickets DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5292 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.32(1) 2012 88-89

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COMPARISON OF HILL AND ROW PLOTS FOR AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY TRAITS IN SPRING MALTING BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps90-007 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. TRAGOONRUNG ◽

P. M. HAYES ◽

B. L. JONES

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Malting Quality ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Malting Barley ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Hill Plot ◽

Hill Plots

Provided they reliably predict row plot performance, hill plots should be useful for doubled haploid recurrent selection in malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The primary objective of this research was to compare hill and row plot expression of agronomic and malting quality traits in an array of elite spring habit barley germplasm grown under irrigated conditions. A supporting objective was to identify an appropriate seeding rate for hill plot evaluation. Eight-replicate hill plots at four seeding rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 seeds per hill) were compared with adjacent four-replicate row plots in each of three environments. Genotype and genotype × environment interactions were significant for most agronomic traits in both plot types. Significant, linear genotype responses to hill plot seeding rates were observed for most agronomic traits. Seeding rate had no consistent effect on the expression of malting quality. The percentage of lines in common in the two plot types at 25 and 50% selection intensities was the most useful comparison statistic and indicated hill plot selection should be effective for most agronomic and malting quality traits. Although yield heritability estimates were consistently high in both hill and row plots, there was little relationship between trait expression in the two plot types. Differential tillering in response to hill plot competition is likely responsible. A seeding rate of 10 seeds per hill should be appropriate in preliminary screening for traits amenable to hill plot selection in irrigated spring habit malting barley.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., malting quality, breeding methods, barley

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Crop productivity as affected by fertilizer management options in Boro -T.aman cropping pattern at farmers' fields

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v35i2.5892 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 287-296

Author(s):

M Akkas Ali ◽

M Robiul Alam ◽

MSH Molla ◽

F Islam

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

High Yield ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Plant Nutrient ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Gross Margin ◽

Management Options ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio

The experiment was conducted at multilocation testing (MLT) site, Sujanagar, Pabna during the year of 2003-2004 to find out a soil test based economically viable fertilizer recommendation for the cropping pattern Boro-T. aman. Six treatments viz., moderate yield goal (MYG), high yield goal (HYG), integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS), recommended fertilizer of FRG' 97 (BARC) guide (RF), farmers' practice (FP), and absolute control were employed for the study. The grain yield of Boro and T. aman rice increased 18 and 14%, respectively, by IPNS compared to farmers' practice. Total grain yield of rice was increased by about 16% in the IPNS fertilizer package compared to farmers' practice. Fertilizer nutrients supplied both from organic and inorganic sources in adequate amount have a positive effect on productivity of soil. On an average it was found that highest grain yields of Boro rice (5.37 t/ha) and T. aman (4.49 t/ha) were obtained from integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS) where farmers’ practice gave yield of 4.55 and 3.94 t/ha. The highest average gross margin (70385 Tk./ha) and marginal benefit cost ratio (3.78) was also obtained from IPNS plots. Keywords: Crop productivity; fertilizer management; cropping pattern. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i2.5892Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(2) : 287-296, June 2010

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