PREDICTION DES BESOINS EN ENGRAIS N, P et K DES LEGUMES CULTIVES EN SOL MINERAL: LES CHOUX

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
EMILE CHAMBERLAND
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
High K ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
K Fertilization

The objective of this study was to verify and improve the accuracy of fertilizer recommendations for growing cole crops on mineral soils. To achieve this end, 21 field trials were conducted on 12 soils during 1978–1981; of these trials, 13 were performed with late cabbage and Brussels sprouts and eight early cabbage and brocoli. The test crops were fertilized at four rates of N, P and K, and yield responses were related to soil test values. The Cate-Nelson iteration method was used to partition soils into three different classes according to their yield response to fertilization. Furthermore, polynomial and Mitscherlich equations were fitted to yield versus soil K and P data. These procedures suggested that fertilizer recommendations would be more precise by classifying these crops into early- and late-maturing groups. Accordingly, the recommended fertilization rates for soils containing a deficient or medium P supply were 70 and 80 kg P/ha for early and late crops, respectively. A clear yield response by early cabbage to K fertilization was indicated for soils containing a medium K supply; on these soils maximum yields would be achieved with an application of about 180 kg K/ha. On the other hand late cabbage and Brussels sprouts apparently only needed about 120 kg K/ha to achieve maximum yields on the same class of soils. While an increase in yields attributable to K fertilization is unlikely on soils containing a low and high K supply, a rate of 120 kg K/ha is nonetheless recommended to ensure maximum yield and maintain soil fertility levels. As regards N-fertilization, maximum yields early and late crop were produced with 160 and 180 kg N/ha, respectively. Key words: Fertilizer, N, P, K, vegetables, cabbages

Response of six-row barley to N and P2O5 fertilizer application in high fertility sites in Central Alberta

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Yield Responses

Two series of N and P2O5 fertilizer response trials were conducted at a total of five sites in Central Alberta in 1985 and 1986 to determine whether a range of barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars differed in their response to high levels of fertility application under high-yielding conditions. The cultivars included were two semidwarf (Samson, Duke) and three of conventional height (Leduc, Klondike and Johnston). No cultivar × fertility level interaction was obtained for grain yield in any of the trials, although significant interactions of minor magnitude were found for other agronomic traits in some trials. The most important of these traits was extent of lodging which was at a low level (less than 3 on the 0.2–9 Belgian Scale) in all trials, despite average grain yields ranging from 4000 to 6289 kg ha−1. Lodging was more severe in Johnston than in the other cultivars. Yields of the semidwarf s were no higher than those of Leduc in any trial, although minor lodging occurred for Leduc in some cases. Lack of significant cultivar × fertility interaction may be partially explained by the general lack of response to the higher fertility levels that were used, although good yield response was found to addition of 45 kg ha−1 of P2O5 in four of six trials, and to addition of up to 90 kg ha−1 of N in three of the six trials. No significant correlation was found between initial soil test N and P2O5 versus the mean year-site yield for different locations, suggesting that factors other than base soil fertility were more important in determining site-year yield potential. These results suggest that use of individualized fertilizer recommendations for targeting maximum yield for any of the cultivars studied is not warranted, since the cultivars demonstrated similar yield responses. The excellent straw strength advantage of the semidwarf cultivars was reconfirmed under these high yielding conditions, but yields over 6000 kg ha−1 with several taller cultivars were also recorded without lodging (e.g. Leduc). Key words: Target yields, lodging, Intensive Crop Management®, cultivar specific fertilizer recommendations

scholarly journals Response of wheat, pea, and canola to micronutrient fertilization on five contrasting prairie soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noabur Rahman ◽  
Jeff Schoenau
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Cu And Zn

Abstract A polyhouse study was conducted to evaluate the relative effectiveness of different micronutrient fertilizer formulation and application methods on wheat, pea and canola, as indicated by yield response and fate of micronutrients in contrasting mineral soils. The underlying factors controlling micronutrient bioavailability in a soil–plant system were examined using chemical and spectroscopic speciation techniques. Application of Cu significantly improved grain and straw biomass yields of wheat on two of the five soils (Ukalta and Sceptre), of which the Ukalta soil was critically Cu deficient according to soil extraction with DTPA. The deficiency problem was corrected by either soil or foliar application of Cu fertilizers. There were no significant yield responses of pea to Zn fertilization on any of the five soils. For canola, soil placement of boric acid was effective in correcting the deficiency problem in Whitefox soil, while foliar application was not. Soil extractable Cu, Zn, and B concentration in post-harvest soils were increased with soil placement of fertilizers, indicating that following crops in rotation could benefit from this application method. The chemical and XANES spectroscopic speciation indicates that carbonate associated is the dominant form of Cu and Zn in prairie soils, where chemisorption to carbonates is likely the major process that determines the fate of added Cu and Zn fertilizer.

Effects of Application Method and Rate on Control of Sclerotinia Blight of Peanut with Iprodione and Fluazinam1

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Damicone ◽  
K. E. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Sclerotinia Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Yield Responses

Abstract Two trials with iprodione and three trials with fluazinam were conducted to assess the effects of application method and rate on the control of Sclerotinia blight of peanut with fungicide. In order to concentrate the fungicides near the crown area where the disease causes the most damage, applications were made through a canopy opener with a single nozzle centered over the row to achieve a 30.5-cm-wide band (canopy opener), and through a single nozzle centered over the row to achieve a 46-cm-wide band (band). Broadcast applications were compared to these methods at rates of 0, 0.28, 0.56, and 1.12 kg/ha on the susceptible cultivar Okrun. Sclerotinia blight was severe, with > 70% disease incidence and < 2000 kg/ha yield for the untreated controls in each trial. Linear reductions in area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), but not final disease incidence, with iprodione rate were significant (P < 0.05) for all methods of application. However, the rate of decrease did not differ among application methods. Linear increases in yield with rate of iprodione were greater for canopy opener compared to the band or broadcast applications. Only a 50% reduction in AUDPC and a maximum yield of < 2700 kg/ha was achieved with iprodione using the best method. At the maximum rate of 1.12 kg/ha, fluazinam provided > 75% disease control and > 4000 kg/ha yield for all application methods. Differences in disease control and yield among application methods only occurred at the 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha rates of fluazinam. Reductions in AUDPC with fluazinam rate were quadratic for all application methods, but AUDPC values were less for the canopy opener and band methods at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha compared to the broadcast methods. The yield response to rate for broadcast applications of fluazinam was linear. However, predicted yield responses to fluazinam rate were quadratic for the band and canopy opener methods and approached the maximum response at 0.84 kg/ha. Targeting fungicide applications using the band and/or canopy opener methods was beneficial for fluazinam at reduced rates. Disease control with iprodione was not adequate regardless of application method.

Dry matter yield response of pasture grass to application of Nemafos (thionazin).

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
G.C. Ennik
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Stimulation Of

Results of several field trials on the response of permanent grass swards and of sown swards with and without clover to application of thionazin (as Nemafos) at about 8 ml/m2 before each cut are described. Where N was the main factor limiting growth, plots with Nemafos grew better than the controls because of an increase in available soil N. At high levels of N, growth was improved because of direct stimulation of regrowth after cutting. Nemafos had a favourable effect, which lasted longer with successive cuts, on the development and vigour of tillers. The yield responses were unrelated to control of nematodes. [See also HbA 39, 422]. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Potassium Rates Affect Yield of Two Muskmelon Varieties in Florida

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 593a-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro O. Pacheco ◽  
G.J. Hochmuth ◽  
D.N. Maynard ◽  
A.A. Csizinszky ◽  
S.A. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Minor Crops ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Spring Yield ◽  
K Fertilization

Optimum economic yield is produced when nutrients in the proper amounts are supplied to the crop. Crop nutrient requirements (CNR) of essential elements have been determined for the major vegetables produced in Florida. However, for minor crops, such as muskmelon, little research has been conducted to determine the CNR, especially potassium. In many vegetables, yield has responded to increasing K rates when other elements were not limiting. Our objective was to determine the K fertility requirement for optimum yield of muskmelon and to evaluate the Mehlich-1 soil test calibration for soil testing low in K (<20 mg·kg–1). Experiments were conducted in the spring and fall seasons of 1995. Potassium at five rates (0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg·ha–1) was injected weekly, approximating the growth curve of `Galia' and `Mission'. There were significant yield responses to K fertilization for both cultivars during both seasons. During spring, average marketable yield was 14.5, 26.1, 31.9, 31.5, and 36.3 Mg·ha–1 and for fall, average marketable yield was 15.8, 32.9, 37.8, 37.2, and 36.4 Mg·ha–1 for the previously described K treatments, respectively. The cultivar response for both seasons was described by a linear-plateau model. In spring, yield was maximized with K at 116.8 and 76.3 kg·ha–1 for `Galia' and `Mission', respectively. In fall, K at 73.3 and 68.3 kg·ha–1 produced the peak response for the same cultivars. These results indicate that maximum yield of muskmelon in Florida can be obtained at considerably less K than the current recommendation of 140 kg·ha–1.

Meta-analysis of soybean yield response to foliar fungicides evaluated from 2005 to 2018 in the United States and Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuba Raj Kandel ◽  
Catherine L. Hunt ◽  
Keith A Ames ◽  
Nicholas Arneson ◽  
Carl Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Application Date ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Spray Control

Random-effect meta-analyses were performed on data from 240 field trials conducted between 2005 and 2018 across nine U.S. states and Ontario, Canada, to quantify the yield response of soybean after application of foliar fungicides at beginning pod (R3). Meta-analysis showed that the overall mean yield response when fungicide was used compared to not applying a fungicide was 2.7% (110 kg/ha). Moderator variables were also investigated and included fungicide group, growing season, planting date, and base yield, which all significantly influenced the yield response. There was also evidence that precipitation from the time of planting to the R3 growth stage influenced yield when fungicide was used (P = 0.059). Fungicides containing a premix of active ingredients from multiple groups (either two or three ingredients) increased the yield by 3.0% over not applying a fungicide. The highest and lowest yield responses were observed in 2005 and 2007, respectively. Better yield response to fungicides (a 3.0% increase) occurred when soybeans were planted not later than 21 May and when total precipitation between planting and the R3 application date was above historic averages. Temperatures during the season did not influence the yield response . Yield response to fungicide was higher (a 4.7% increase) in average yield category (no spray control yield 2878 to 3758 kg/ha) and then gradually decreased with increasing base yield. Partial economic analyses indicated that use of foliar fungicides is less likely to be profitable when foliar diseases are absent or at low levels.

scholarly journals CORN RESPONSE TO RESIDUAL N FROM UREA AND MANURES APPLIED IN PREVIOUS YEARS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. BEAUCHAMP
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Decay Series ◽  
Residual N ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Yield Responses

The response of corn (Zea mays L.) to residual N from several manures and urea was determined in the first and second years following application. Grain yields were obtained from six field trials conducted over a 12-yr period at the Elora Research Station. Manures or urea were applied at several rates during 1 or more years followed by 2 yr (3 yr for one trial) of yield measurements when N treatments were not applied. During the years when corn grain yield response to residual N was determined, one-half of each plot received 120 kg N ha−1 as anhydrous ammonia. This provided a potential yield which was used to evaluate a residual "organic manure" effect or the effect of manure in increasing yields over those obtained only with chemical fertilizers including N. The results indicated that yield responses from residual N from liquid dairy cattle manure and solid beef manure were considerably lower than that from liquid poultry manure and urea in the first year. In the second year there was only a small response from residual N from any of the sources. These results were used to formulate a "decay series" which agreed generally with several published decay series in that response to residual N decreased in a curvilinear manner. Residual N appeared to be less available than predicted by published decay series especially after the second year. There was no clear evidence in this study that manures provided an additional "organic manuring" effect of increasing yields over those obtained only with chemical fertilizers. Key words: Residual manure N, organic manuring effects, decay series

THE EFFECT OF NPK FERTILIZATION ON ELEMENT UPTAKE, YIELD AND FRUIT COMPOSITION OF FOCH GRAPES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. NEILSEN ◽  
D. S. STEVENSON ◽  
A. GEHRINGER
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
K Fertilization ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Irrigated French-American hybrid Foch grapevines planted in 1979 on a sandy loam soil were fertilized in narrow in-row strips with rates of N of 50, 150 and 300 kg ha−1 yr−1, rates of P of 0 or 90 kg ha−1 yr−1, and rates of K of 0 or 500 kg ha−1 yr−1; each rate combined with the others to form 12 NPK treatments from 1980 through 1985. Petiole N, P and K concentrations were increased by their respective fertilizer additions. Nitrogen fertilization also consistently increased cluster weight and yield in two of the four harvests although petiole Ca, Mg and Zn were decreased at the 150- and 300-kg rates of N fertilization. Yield per vine was increased in the first fruiting year by P fertilization, although subsequent yield and petiole Ca, Mg and Zn were unaffected. No yield response to K fertilization was observed but petiole Mg was decreased in all 5 yr and petiole Ca in 3 yr as a consequence of K fertilization. In general, soluble solids and titratable acidity in the fruit were not consistently affected by NPK fertilization although juice pH was increased in 2 of 3 yr at the highest rates of N and K fertilization and in 1 yr at the highest rate of P fertilization.Key words: NPK, Foch grapes, yield, fruit composition

Response of `Spineless Beauty' Zucchini (Cucurbita sp.) to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Fertilization

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 445d-445
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Morales-Payan
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
K Fertilization

Field trials were conducted in Nigua, San Cristobal, Dominican Republic, to determine the yield response of `Spineless Beauty' zucchini (Cucurbita sp.) to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) soil applications in a loamy clay soil containing 4.3% organic matter, 3 parts per million (ppm) of P, and 155 ppm of K. Zucchini was direct-seeded at a distance of 1 m between rows and 0.5 m within rows. Except for N, P, and K fertilization, the crop was grown according to recommended practices. A factorial design (4 × 4 × 4) with four replications was utilized. Rates of N, P, and K were 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg·ha–1, applied as a side dressing 7 days after zucchini emergence. Zucchini fruit harvest started 40 days after crop emergence and every other day thereafter during 20 days. Analysis of variance was performed on the resulting data. Results indicate that there were significant interactions of N, P, and K fertilizer rates on `Spineless Beauty' fruit yield; therefore, nutrient combinations were considered as individual treatments. Significantly superior (lsd 5%) fruit yield was obtained with 150, 150, and 50 kg·ha–1 N, P, and K, respectively.

Boundary-line analysis of field-scale yield response to soil properties

2004 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. SHATAR ◽  
A. B. MCBRATNEY
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Smoothing Splines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Data Scatter ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

An algorithm to fit boundary lines, using cubic smoothing splines, was written and used to identify yield responses to changes in soil properties. This method involves fitting a curve that represents the maximum yield response to each predictor value, which represents the yield potential at each soil property value. Boundary-line yield responses to individual soil properties were found to differ from responses found by fitting curves through the data scatter. The effects of correlated variables appeared to be lessened using the boundary line approach. Multivariate boundary-line models, based on the Law of the Minimum, were found to be useful for the identification of site-specific causes of yield variation and yield potentials. The boundary line was found to be a useful complement to more traditional data analysis techniques.

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