THE EFFECT OF NPK FERTILIZATION ON ELEMENT UPTAKE, YIELD AND FRUIT COMPOSITION OF FOCH GRAPES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. NEILSEN ◽  
D. S. STEVENSON ◽  
A. GEHRINGER
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
K Fertilization ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Irrigated French-American hybrid Foch grapevines planted in 1979 on a sandy loam soil were fertilized in narrow in-row strips with rates of N of 50, 150 and 300 kg ha−1 yr−1, rates of P of 0 or 90 kg ha−1 yr−1, and rates of K of 0 or 500 kg ha−1 yr−1; each rate combined with the others to form 12 NPK treatments from 1980 through 1985. Petiole N, P and K concentrations were increased by their respective fertilizer additions. Nitrogen fertilization also consistently increased cluster weight and yield in two of the four harvests although petiole Ca, Mg and Zn were decreased at the 150- and 300-kg rates of N fertilization. Yield per vine was increased in the first fruiting year by P fertilization, although subsequent yield and petiole Ca, Mg and Zn were unaffected. No yield response to K fertilization was observed but petiole Mg was decreased in all 5 yr and petiole Ca in 3 yr as a consequence of K fertilization. In general, soluble solids and titratable acidity in the fruit were not consistently affected by NPK fertilization although juice pH was increased in 2 of 3 yr at the highest rates of N and K fertilization and in 1 yr at the highest rate of P fertilization.Key words: NPK, Foch grapes, yield, fruit composition

Effect of fertilizer placement on yield of established alfalfa stands

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Simons ◽  
C. A. Grant ◽  
L. D. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
K Fertilization

Alfalfa yield response to P and K fertilization management has been documented elsewhere, but little work has been done in western Canada. Field studies conducted on two Manitoba soils for 4 yr evaluated the effects of four levels of monoammonium phosphate and three levels of potassium chloride fertilizers, applied as a surface broadcast or as an in-soil band application, on the yield of established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) stands. Applied P increased total annual forage yield on the clay loam soil by 1.53 t h−1 (47%), when averaged over the 4 yr of the study, but did not increase yields on the fine sandy loam. Yield response to P application on the clay loam soil increased over the 4 yr of the study. Potassium application resulted in minor or no increases in forage yield on both soils. On the clay loam soil, there was no yield difference between banded and broadcast fertilizer applications. On the fine sandy loam soil, band application reduced yields slightly compared with broadcast application, particularly at the first harvest following fertilizer application. Grass ingress into the plots was reduced by K application but was not affected by P fertilization, which may indicate a beneficial effect of K fertilization on alfalfa vigor and persistence. Key words: Potassium, phosphorus, banding, broadcast, persistence

Yields of Sub-humid Rainfed Crops in Relation to Soil Water Retention and Cropping Sequence

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Verma ◽  
S. S. Prihar ◽  
Ranjodh Singh ◽  
Nathu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Rabi Crops ◽  
Water Holding

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted for 4 years to study the yield of ‘kharif’ and ‘rabi’ crops grown in sequence on two soils differing in water-holding capacity. The results indicated that drought caused greater reduction in yield of rainy-season crops on loamy sand than on sandy loam soil. In low retentivity soil it was more profitable to raise a single crop of wheat on soil-stored water. In sandy loam soil of higher retentivity, two crops a year gave much higher yields than a single crop. Of the sequences tried, maize followed by wheat gave the highest and most stable yields. For ‘rabi’ crops, stored water showed a better yield response than an equivalent amount of rain during the growing season.

scholarly journals Fruit yield and composition in orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in response to nitrogen fertilization in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Brunetto ◽  
◽  
Cesar Cella ◽  
Alcione Miotto ◽  
Eduardo Girotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: Little is known about the impact of N fertilization on fruit production and composition in orange groves grown in soils with low or medium organic matter content in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This study aimed to evaluate how N fertilization of orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in a sandy soil may interfere in fruit yield and composition of fruit and juice. The experiment was conducted with orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' growing in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil, in Rosário do Sul (RS). The plants received applications of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160kg N ha-1. Total N in leaves, number of fruits per plant, yield, fresh weight, fruit diameter, peel thickness, percentage of fruit juice, peel color, juice color, ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acidity were evaluated in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 crops. In the first crop, especially yield, number of fruits per plant, TSS content in fruit juice and ratio decreased with increasing N rate applied. However, in the second crop, the total titratable acidity of the fruit juice prominently increased with the dose of N applied. In both crops, results were highly influenced by rainfall distribution, which affect the plant physiology, soil N dynamics and, consequently, probability of response to N applied and the loss of mineral N in the soil.

scholarly journals Mechanical pruning and soil organic amendments in vineyards of Syrah: effects on grape composition

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-277
Author(s):  
Manuel Botelho ◽  
Henrique Ribeiro ◽  
Amândio Cruz ◽  
Daniel F. Duarte ◽  
Diana L. Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Increase In Productivity

Aim: The interaction of mechanized pruning systems and soil organic amendment can increase vine productivity. However, since the increase in productivity may affect grape composition, this study aimed to understand the effects of the interaction between these two practices.Methods and materials: Two field trials were implemented in Shiraz vineyards in two different wine regions. Mechanical hedge pruning was compared with hand spur pruning and four different organic amendments were tested: biochar, municipal solid waste compost, cattle manure and sewage sludge.Results: Mechanical pruning reduced the total soluble solids (TSS) and pH of the grapes, but had no effects on the other variables. Organic amendments also reduced TSS, especially sewage sludge, and tended to reduce total anthocyanins and total phenols. The effect of the interaction between both factors on grape composition was never significant. A negative relationship between yield and TSS was observed, while titratable acidity had no relationship with yield. Total anthocyanins were also negatively related to yield. A positive relation between TSS and total anthocyanins was also observed.Conclusions: The results show that the combination of mechanical pruning and soil organic amendment is a powerful tool for increasing productivity, but it has some effects on grape composition.Significance and impact of study: The reduction in some fruit composition variables showed that, while mechanical pruning does not significantly affect grape composition, the choice of type and amount of organic amendment will depend on the destination of the grapes.

A multivariate approach to plant mineral nutrition: dose–response relationships and nutrient dominance in factorial experiments

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2138-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Shaver ◽  
M. J. Lechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Canonical Variates Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Fertilization ◽  
K Fertilization

Canonical variates analysis was used to compare the effects of fertilization on the concentrations of five mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) in young shoot tissues of six tundra plant species of three different growth forms. There were two specific objectives: (i) to determine whether it was possible to describe meaningful dose–response relationships in a multivariate response to fertilization, and (ii) to determine the multivariate effect of N plus P fertilization in comparison with the effects of N or P added alone. The results showed that low levels of N–P–K fertilization caused a shift in multivariate nutrient content that was intermediate between the control values and the shift caused by high fertilization, and in the same direction as the latter. In a June harvest, the effect of N plus P fertilization was very similar to the effect of N fertilization alone. However, in August the N plus P effect was dominated by the response to P alone. In all of the analyses, the fundamental similarities and differences among unfertilized plants of each species and growth form were maintained under fertilization.

Root Growth and Yield Response of Rainfed Lowland Rice to Planting Method

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Sharma ◽  
S. K. De Datta ◽  
C. A. Redulla
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Loam Soil

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted on two soils (clay loam and sandy loam) with varying texture and water table depth to study the effects of two planting methods (dry seeding and transplanting) on the root growth and grain yield of rainfed lowland rice. About 75% of the roots were found in the top 10 cm soil. Root length density at the flowering stage and grain yield in the sandy loam soil, with a water table deeper than 1.5 m, were less in dry-seeded than in transplanted rice, probably because of the greater moisture stress in dry-seeded rice between late tillering and harvest. In the clay loam soil, with the water table mostly at the soil surface, there was no difference in grain yield between dry-seeded and transplanted rice.

scholarly journals Effect of the number of calcium chloride sprays on 'Jonagold' apple quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
One Year ◽  
Experimental Treatments

The aim of this study was to examine effect of frequency of calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) sprays on 'Jonagold' apple (<em>Malus domestica</em> Borkh.) quality. The experiment was carried out in 1996-1998 in the Experimental Orchard of the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture in Skierniewice. Apple trees were grafied on M.26 rootstock and planted in 1992 at a distance of 4 x 2 m on a sandy loam soil with high available phosphorus, potassium and magnesium contents. Four experimental treatments were applied: (i) three sprays with CaCl<sub>2</sub> solutions at 2, 10 and 18 weeks after full bloom, (ii) six sprays with CaCl<sub>2</sub> at 2, 6, 10, 14, 16 and 18 weeks after full bloom, (iii) nine sprays with CaCl<sub>2</sub> at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 weeks after full bloom and (iv) control plot - trees unsprayed with CaCl<sub>2</sub>. The results showed that fruit Ca concentration increased with the number of CaCl<sub>2</sub> sprays during the growing season. Apples nine-times sprayed with CaCl<sub>2</sub> solutions were smaller, less mature at harvest and after storage, had lower titratable acidity and soluble solids contents after storage and were less sensitive to bitter pit, internal breakdown and Gloeosporium-rot compared to other treatments; however these effects were influenced by the growing season. Six CaCl<sub>2</sub> sprays only in one year of the study increased fruit firmness after storage, fruit resistance to bitter pit and internal breakdown. Three CaCl<sub>2</sub> sprays decreased bitter pit incidence; however this effect was found only in one investigated year.

scholarly journals Rootstocks Impact Vine Performance and Fruit Composition of Grapes in British Columbia

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Reynolds ◽  
Douglas A. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Riparia ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Arid Regions ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Block Experiment

Nine wine grape cultivars [`Chardonnay', `Gewurztraminer', `Ortega', `Riesling', `De Chaunac', `Marechal Foch', `Okanagan Riesling', `Seyval blanc', and Verdelet'], own rooted or grafted to four rootstocks [`Couderc 3309' (Vitis riparia × V. rupestris); `Kober 5BB' (5BB), `Teleki 5C', and `Selektion Oppenheim 4' (SO4) (V. riparia × V. berlandieri)] were planted into a randomized complete block experiment in 1985. Data were collected on yield components, weight of cane prunings (vine size), and fruit composition between 1989 and 1996. Yield per vine, clusters per vine, cluster weight, and berry weight were not affected by rootstock, but SO4 tended to produce lowest berries per cluster. Lowest vine size was associated with 5BB and own-rooted vines were usually largest; 5BB was also associated with highest crop load (yield to vine size ratio). Own-rooted vines tended to produce berries with lowest percentage soluble solids (%SS) while 5BB led to highest %SS. Titratable acidity was not strongly affected and pH differences between rootstocks were very small. These data suggest that rootstocks may not provide significant advantage over own-rooted vines under conditions found in the arid regions of the Pacific northwestern U.S. and British Columbia.

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