ESTIMATING THE ATTERBERG LIMITS OF SOUTHERN SASKATCHEWAN SOILS FROM TEXTURE AND CARBON CONTENTS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DE JONG ◽  
D. F. ACTON ◽  
H. B. STONEHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Atterberg Limits ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Contents

The soil water contents at the liquid and plastic limits (the Atterberg limits) are widely used in the classification of soils for engineering purposes. Approximately 500 soil samples (129 Ap horizons and 417 B and C horizons) collected over several years as part of the ongoing soil survey program in Saskatchewan were analyzed for texture and Atterberg limits. On about half of the samples water retention (−33 kPa and −1500 kPa matric potential and air dryness), and organic and inorganic C were also determined. The relationship between the Atterberg limits and soil properties was explored through correlation and regression analysis. Clay and organic matter content explained most of the observed variation in the Atterberg limits of the Ap horizons. Clay was the most important independent variable in the B and C horizons, while inorganic C had only a relatively small impact. Key words: Atterberg limits, texture, organic and inorganic C

The relationship between apparent retention time in the rumen, voluntary intake, and apparent digestibility of legume and grass diets in sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Thornton ◽  
DJ Minson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Jaw Movements ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
The Relationship

Eight grasses and six legumes were fed ad libitum at hourly intervals to wethers fitted with large rumen fistulas to determine voluntary intake, apparent digestibility, and the apparent retention time of organic matter in the rumen, as well as the quantity of rumen digesta and the organic matter content of the rumen digesta. The voluntary intake of legumes was 28% higher than that of equally digestible grasses. This difference was caused by a shorter retention time (17%) and a higher amount of organic matter (14%) in the rumen digesta from legume diets than from grass diets. The weight of wet digesta in the rumen of sheep fed on legumes was 7% lower than from those fed on grass. Neither the quantity of digesta nor the quantity of organic matter in the rumen was related to the voluntary intake, digestibility, or retention time of organic matter in the rumen. Number of jaw movements each day and rate of cotton thread digestion were not related to the retention time of the diets either. Daily intake of digestible organic matter (DOMI, g/day) was closely correlated with retention time (RTOM, hr) for the feeds in this study (r = –0.93) and the same relation applied to both temperate and tropical feeds, viz. DOMI = 1276–50.7 RTOM (r=0.96) Differences in voluntary intake between grasses and legumes were attributed to differences in retention time and the density to which the food was packed in the rumen.

The relationship between digestibility or energy losses as methane and metabolisable energy content of whole crop wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 41-41
Author(s):  
A.T. Adesogan ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
D.I. Givens
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Estimates of the metabolisable energy (ME) content of whole crop wheat (WCW) derived using measured energy losses as methane (ELMm) are lacking due to the cost of measuring ELMm. Published ME values of WCW are largely calculated using predicted energy losses as methane (ELMp, Blaxter and Clapperton, 1965) or digestible organic matter content (DOMD) in vivo. However, there appears to be no published information about the accuracy with which DOMD in vivo or ELMp predicts the ME content of WCW. Therefore, this study assessed the validity of such ME predictions by comparing them with ME contents calculated using ELMm.

Soil–air partitioning of volatile organic compounds into soils with high water content

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Jeonghyeon Ahn ◽  
Guiying Rao ◽  
Mustafa Mamun ◽  
Eric P. Vejerano
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Water Contents

Environmental contextAssessing environmental and human health impacts of chemical spills relies on information about how chemicals move across multiple environments. We measured volatile contaminants in the air above soil saturated with water to provide estimates of air concentrations of selected chemicals released to soil from an oil refinery in Texas during Hurricane Harvey. Estimated concentrations were below recommended exposure limits, even in a worst-case scenario. AbstractThe emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soil into air is affected by soil moisture dynamics, soil temperature, solar irradiance and carbon availability. The high amount of water in soil can modify its properties, which changes how VOCs interact. We conducted a comprehensive measurement of the soil–air partition coefficient (KSA) of VOCs into water-saturated soil with both low and high water contents for polar, weakly polar and nonpolar VOCs into a mineral soil (S-clay) and soil containing a high amount of organic matter (S-om) under a water-saturated condition. Partitioning of non-polar substituted aromatics (1,2-dichlorobenzene and toluene) was sensitive to the organic matter content in water-saturated soil. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene and toluene had higher affinities to S-om than to S-clay at all investigated water contents because of their strong interaction with the organic matter in soil. KSA decreased with elevated water content only for non-polar substituted aromatic VOCs. Less hydrophobic VOCs (benzene and trichloroethylene) exhibited similar partitioning into both soils by sorbing onto the air-water interface and dissolving in soil water, while the organic matter did not affect partitioning. The weakly polar and polar VOCs (methyl tert-butyl ether and 1-butanol) showed similar partitioning into both soils by dissolving in soil water while sorption to the organic matter was significant only at high soil water contents. KSA of VOCs on soil with high organic matter content correlated strongly with psat and Koa, but not on mineral soil. Estimates of the air concentrations for a subset of VOCs released from one refinery during Hurricane Harvey in 2017 in Harris County, Texas were lower than the recommended exposure limits, even under a worst-case scenario.

COMPACTION AND SETTLING OF QUEBEC SOILS IN RELATION TO THEIR SOIL-WATER PROPERTIES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. DE KIMPE ◽  
M. BERNIER-CARDOU ◽  
P. JOLICOEUR
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Behavior ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Water Retention Properties ◽  
Soil Water Properties

Twenty-one topsoils, with texture varying from sandy loam to clay and organic matter content ranging from 1.6 to 11.9%, were submitted to compaction and settling at different moisture contents where dry bulk density was determined. Under compaction, the density curve went through a maximum while a minimum was observed in the case of settling. Optimum moisture contents corresponding to these two characteristic densities were almost the same. The most important physical properties affecting soil behavior under compaction and settling were found to be water retention properties at low matric potential which themselves depended primarily on organic matter content. Samples submitted to compaction had saturated hydraulic conductivities less than 1 cm/h, while after settling, Ksat measurements ranged from 0.8 to 234 cm/h. Organic matter played an important role in reducing the effects of compaction, and moisture content alone was not sufficient to predict the best conditions for workability in the fields.

scholarly journals Population Densities of Tylenchulus semipenetrans Related to Physicochemical Properties of Soil and Yield of Clementine Mandarin in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Sorribas ◽  
Soledad Verdejo-Lucas ◽  
Joaquín Pastor ◽  
Cesar Ornat ◽  
Joan Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Damage Function ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Tylenchulus Semipenetrans ◽  
Physicochemical Soil Properties ◽  
Citrus Nematode ◽  
The Relationship

A survey was conducted from April to June 2002 in 62 orchards of clementine mandarin grafted on Troyer or Carrizo citrange rootstock in Catalonia (northeastern Spain) to determine the relationship between physicochemical soil properties and Tylenchulus semipenetrans population densities. Soil was analyzed to determine texture, pH, electric conductivity, organic matter content, N, P, K, Mg, calcium carbonate, and calcium oxide. Also, trials were conducted in 2003 and 2004 in three drip-irrigated orchards of clementine mandarin cv. Clemenules (El Pla and Mariclaire) or cv. Hernandina (Martorella) to determine the relationship between citrus nematode densities and yield of mandarin. T. semipenetrans was detected in 77% of the surveyed orchards. The number of second-stage juveniles + males in soil was related to N and K soil content (3.57953 – 0.001305 N + 0.00113 K, R2 = 0.1620, P < 0.0157). The relationship between relative yield of clementine mandarin cv. Clemenules and densities of females per gram of root in spring was described by the Seinhorst damage function model (0.035 + 0.965 (0.9995)(Pi – 287), R2 = 0.4782, P < 0.0001).

scholarly journals The Relationship between Mollusks and Oxygen Concentrations in Todos Santos Bay, Baja California, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gabriel Kuk-Dzul ◽  
Victoria Díaz-Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

This study describes the relationship between mollusks, physicochemical properties of seawater, and sediments under natural conditions of low impact. Thirty-nine stations were sampled in October 1994 using a Van Veen grab (0.1 m−2). Temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of bottom water were obtained with a CTD. Organic matter content and sediment grain analysis were determined. A total of 836 mollusks were collected. Gastropoda was the most abundant (52%) and diverse class with 27 genera, followed by Bivalvia with eight genera and Scaphopoda with only one genus. According to CCA analysis, dominant mollusks were significantly related with high DO concentrations.Donax,Natica,Acteocina,Bulla,Anachis,Odostomia, andCrucibulumcan be classified as sensitive genera because they were found mainly in high oxygen concentrations (3.1–5.6 mL L−1); on the other hand,Cardiomya,Nuculana,Laevicardium,Chione,Truncatella, andDentaliumcan be classified as tolerant genera (1.0–5.6 mL L−1). Todos Santos Bay hosts a diverse malacological fauna (36 genera); our results show that the dominant genera were mainly related to high dissolved oxygen concentrations. Mollusks can be a useful tool in environmental monitoring programs related with oxygen depletion in coastal areas.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Mapping of Available Micro Nutrient Status in Relation to Soil Properties of Tomato Grown Soils of Chikkaballapura District, Karnataka

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
P. N. Siva Prasad ◽  
C. T. Subbarayappa ◽  
A. Sathish
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Nutrient Index ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

GPS based soil survey was conducted in the tomato growing areas of Chikkaballapura district, Karnataka to map the soil fertility status by using Arc GIS 10.4 software. Seventy five surface soil samples were taken from the tomato growing areas of the district and analysed for texture, pH, EC, OC and micronutrients (Zn, CU, Fe, Mn, B) and zinc content in plant samples. The results revealed that the soils under investigation were acidic to alkaline in reaction, non saline, medium to high in organic matter content. All the studied soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam in texture. DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and HWS-B varied from 0.07 - 6.87, 0.41-4.59, 2.08-28.92, 1.37-27.08 and 0.24-2.13 mg kg-1 respectively. Plant zinc ranges from 14 - 98 mg kg-1 inferring low to high in zinc concentration. The nutrient index was calculated for all the micronutrients and it is found to be medium. Among the micronutrients 48, 21.33 and 30.67 per cent samples were categorized as low, medium and high in available zinc status. These results indicated that Zn is likely to constraint tomato crop production in Chikkaballapura.

scholarly journals An Environmental Approach to Understanding the Expansion of Future Vineyards: Case Study of Soil Developed on Alluvial Sediments

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta ◽  
Sandra Bravo ◽  
Jose Angel Amorós ◽  
Caridad Pérez-de-los-Reyes ◽  
Jesus García-Pradas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
La Mancha

The importance of soil properties in wine grape production is generally treated as secondary to climate and canopy management. This study was undertaken to characterize and classify a singular soil resource for a vineyard in a traditional viticultural region: Castilla-La Mancha, central Spain. The soil under study was described and sampled using standard soil survey procedures as outlined by FAO, and served as a pedologic window for Gleyic Fluvisol (Calcaric, Humic), according to the FAO System, or Fluventic Haploxerept, according to the Soil Taxonomy System. This soil, developed on alluvial materials of Holocene age related to the Gigüela river (either carbonatic or gypsiferous) has, in addition to obvious hydromorphic features (that reduce its use), high organic matter content (5.5% in the Ap horizon) and moderate salt content (between 1.14 and 2.39 dS/m). Other properties are common to most vineyard soils in Castilla-La Mancha, such as alkaline reactivity (pH between 7.6 and 8.2); calcium and magnesium as the dominant cations followed by sodium and potassium; finally, some deficiency in N (0.11%) and P (12.3 mg/kg). The most restricting soil factors for vineyard growth of this soil type were waterlogging, which can affect vine roots, and the appearance of certain salinity problems. The final conclusion of this study was that the use of the studied soil type for vineyard cultivation could be recommended to farmers only in the case of improving soil properties—for example, draining the river level.

scholarly journals Using soil survey data to model potential Coccidioides soil habitat and inform Valley fever epidemiology

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247263
Author(s):  
Robert R. Dobos ◽  
Kaitlin Benedict ◽  
Brendan R. Jackson ◽  
Orion Z. McCotter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Model Potential ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

Coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley fever, is a disease that can result in substantial illness and death. It is most common in the southwestern United States and areas of Latin America with arid climates, though reports increasingly suggest its range is wider than previously recognized. The natural habitat of the causative organisms, Coccidioides spp., have been associated with certain soil properties and climatic conditions. Current understanding of its geographic range is primarily defined by skin test studies and outbreak locations. We developed a fuzzy system model to predict suitable soil habitats for Coccidioides across the western United States based on parameters (electrical conductivity, organic matter content, pH, water holding capacity, temperature, and precipitation) from sites where soil sampling has confirmed the presence of Coccidioides. The model identified high coccidioidomycosis incidence areas as having high suitability and identified pockets of elevated suitability corresponding with outbreak locations outside the traditional range. By providing high-resolution estimates of Coccidioides suitability, including areas without public health surveillance for coccidioidomycosis, this model may be able to aid public health and clinical provider decision making. Awareness of possible Coccidioides soil habitats could help mitigate risk during soil-disturbing activities and help providers improve coccidioidomycosis diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Environmental factors affecting splash erosion in the mountain area (the Western Polish Carpathians)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kijowska-Strugała ◽  
Krzysztof Kiszka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of various environmental factors on splash erosion based on the funnel method under natural conditions. The relationship between splash and wash erosion were also studied. The intermediate timescale study (2012–2016, from May to October) was conducted in the Western Polish Carpathians where Inceptisols predominate. The splash erosion rate (kg m−2) was variable and showed a strong correlation with environmental factors, including rainfall parameters, land use (black fallow, meadow), slope gradient (0°, 11°), and also the particle size of soil and usage time (organic matter content, OM). The splash erosion rate on the slope with black fallow was 95 times higher than in the meadow and up to 20 times higher than in flat area. The average downslope splash erosion was 75% higher than the upslope splash erosion, and the soil particles were detached to maximum heights of 50 cm (downslope). There was a positive correlation between splash erosion and wash and a negative correlation between splash erosion and OM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document