scholarly journals Comparison between unilateral PNIF and rhinomanometry in healthy and obstructed noses

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
G. Ottaviano ◽  
V. Lund ◽  
E. Nardello ◽  
B. Scarpa ◽  
G. Frasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Nasal Blockage ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

Aims: Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF) is an easy method to assess nasal patency. Normative unilateral PNIF data in adults have been proposed. The study purpose was to compare PNIF and unilateral PNIF values to total and unilateral nasal resistances measured by anterior active rhinomanometry (AAR) in subjects with and without nasal obstruction to see whether unilateral PNIFis sensitive to detect nasal obstruction. Methods and results: Measurements of PNIF, unilateral PNIF and AAR were performed in 125 volunteers. Seventy of them were healthy subjects not complaining of nasal symptoms and entered into the study as the'normal' group. The other group consisted of fifty-five symptomatic subjects.Data were analysed to show the correlation between PNIF, unilateral PNIF and nasal resistances. The ability of PNIF and AAR in predicting pathologies were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicating that PNIF and AAR have a similar and significant power to discriminate pathologic from healthy subjects. Conclusion: The measurement of unilateral PNIF could be a helpful method to support the diagnosis of nasal blockage also in those cases with single nostril obstruction, but, in cases of doubt, AAR should also be performed to improve diagnostic accuracy.

scholarly journals Respiratory mode, nasal patency and palatine dimensions

CoDAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elaine Trevisan ◽  
José Humberto Bellinaso ◽  
Andrielle de Bitencourt Pacheco ◽  
Luciana Barros Augé ◽  
Ana Maria Toniolo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Nose Scale ◽  
Symptom Evaluation ◽  
Plaster Models ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

Purpose: To investigate the influence of breathing mode and nasal patency in the dimensions of the hard palate by comparing mouth breathing (MB) and nasal breathing (NB) adults. Methods: Seventy-seven individuals, distributed into the MB group (n=38) and the NB group (n=39), of both genders and aged between 18 and 30 years old, took part in the study. The respiratory mode diagnosis was based on anamnesis, physical characteristics, and otorhinolaryngological examination. The volunteers were evaluated in terms of nasal patency, with a peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) meter, and obstruction symptoms, by a Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale, and had their transversal and vertical hard palate dimensions measured with a digital caliper in plaster models. Results: Comparing both groups, the MB group presented significantly higher values in the NOSE scale, lower values in the PNIF, lower values in the transversal distance of the palate in the intercanine region, and significantly higher values in the vertical distance in the regions of the first and second premolars and molars. There was a negative correlation between PNIF and NOSE, and a positive correlation between PNIF and transversal distance of the palate in the region of the first premolars. Conclusion: MB adults presented reduced nasal patency and a higher degree of nasal obstruction symptoms. The hard palate was morphologically narrower and deeper in adults with the MB mode compared to the NB mode. Moreover, it was concluded that the smaller the nasal patency, the greater the obstruction symptoms and the narrower the hard palate.

Effluent lipopolysaccharide is a prompt marker of peritoneal dialysis-related gram-negative peritonitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
Hao Yan ◽  
Dahua Ma ◽  
Shuang Yang ◽  
Zhaohui Ni ◽  
Wei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Culture Negative

Background: To investigate the value of effluent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for early detection of gram-negative peritonitis (GNP) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: PD-related peritonitis episodes occurring between January 2016 and December 2018 were included in the study. Effluent LPS and the other infectious parameters were measured at peritonitis presentation, and peritonitis was categorized as GNP, non-GNP, and culture-negative peritonitis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to evaluate the efficacy of effluent LPS to distinguish GNP. Results: A total of 161 peritonitis episodes were analyzed, including 49 GNP episodes and 82 non-GNP episodes. In contrast with non-GNP, GNP presented with higher effluent leukocyte count (3236 (1497–6144) vs. 1904 (679–4071) cell mm−3, p = 0.008), increased effluent LPS (1.552 (0.502–2.500) vs. 0.016 (0.010–0.030) EU mL−1, p < 0.001), lower blood leukocyte count (9.95 ± 3.18 vs. 11.56 ± 4.37 × 109 L−1, p = 0.017), greater neutrophil predominance (87.1 ± 4.6% vs. 83.4 ± 7.7%, p = 0.001), and greater “procalcitonin” (PCT, 4.90 (2.20–12.60) vs. 1.00 (0.51–4.07) µg L−1, p < 0.001). It took 5.2 ± 3.1 h to report the results of effluent LPS. Effluent LPS cutoff value of >0.035 EU mL−1 showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.972 (95% CI 0.951–0.994, p < 0.001) in differentiating GNP from non-GNP with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 80.5%, and its joint utilization with PCT further increased the specificity (91.4%) to discriminate GNP. Conclusions: PD effluent LPS could be an applicable early marker of gram-negative organism-related peritonitis in PD patients.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Nasal Cycle, Nasal Symptoms and Nasal Cytology

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Luca Pendolino ◽  
Bruno Scarpa ◽  
Giancarlo Ottaviano
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Normal Cytology ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Nasal Cycle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nasal Cytology ◽  
Nasal Inflammation ◽  
Parallel Pattern ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects ◽  
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

Background The nasal cycle is the spontaneous congestion and decongestion of nasal mucosa that happens during the day. Classically, 4 types of nasal cycle patterns have been described: (1) classic, (2) parallel, (3) irregular, and (4) acyclic. Hypothalamus has been considered as the central regulator even if several external factors may influence its activity. Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of a correlation between nasal cycle pattern, nasal cytology and nasal symptoms. Methods Thirty healthy volunteers have been enrolled in the study. All subjects completed a Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 questionnaire and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for nasal obstruction. The nasal cycle was studied by means of peak nasal inspiratory flow. Nasal cytology has been used to evaluate the presence of local nasal inflammation. Results Nineteen subjects showed a parallel nasal cycle pattern, while 11 showed a regular one. A parallel pattern was present in 60% of asymptomatic subjects and in 67% of the symptomatic one ( P = 1). VAS for nasal obstruction did not show a significant difference between the 2 patterns of the nasal cycle ( P = .398). Seventeen subjects had a normal rhinocytogram, while 13 volunteers showed a neutrophilic rhinitis; 53.8% of the subjects with a neutrophilic rhinitis showed a parallel pattern, while the remaining 46.2% had a regular one. In the case of a normal cytology, 70.6% of the volunteers had a parallel pattern and 29.4% had a regular one. Differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant ( P = .575). Conclusion Rhinitis with neutrophils seems to not influence the nasal cycle pattern. Based on the present results, the pattern of nasal cycle does not influence subjective nasal obstruction sensation.

scholarly journals Validitas metode rinohigrometri sebagai indikator sumbatan hidung

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Rachmawati Djalal ◽  
Abdul Qadar Punagi ◽  
Andi Baso Sulaiman ◽  
Fadjar Perkasa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Basic Standard ◽  
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

Background: The narrowing of nasal cavity due to nasal mucosa changes or other factors may leadsto nasal obstruction. Symptoms of nasal obstruction can be classified from mild to severe and in somecases total obstruction may occur. Purpose: The objective of the research was to determine the validity of rhinohygrometric method as nasal obstruction indicator. The complaint of nasal obstruction depicted theexistence of abnormalities either anatomically, physiologically or pathologically. The evaluation of   thenasal obstruction was based on anamnesis, physical examination and also supporting examination forthe measurement of the nasal patency. Method: An analytic study had been carried out on the diagnostic test for determining sensitivity and specificity values of rhinohygrometeric method as nasal obstruction indicator compared with peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) as the basic standard on subjects who hadnasal obstruction and subjects who did not have nasal obstruction. Results: In the research, the valuesof cutting off point rhinohygrometeric method are 3 cm and 4 cm on the length and width, while thevalue of basic standard of PNIF cutting off point is 80 liter/minute. Sensitivity and specificity methodof rhinohygrometeric on the length were 87.8% and 100% while on the width were 95.1% and 89.8%.Conclusion: Rhinohigrometeric method has validity as indicator of nasal obstruction.  Keywords: rhinohygrometeric method, nasal obstruction, cutting off point, sensitivity and specificity Abstrak :  Latar belakang: Setiap penyempitan rongga hidung baik akibat proses perubahan pada mukosahidung ataupun penyebab yang lain akan mengakibatkan timbulnya gejala sumbatan hidung. Gejalasumbatan hidung dapat bersifat ringan sampai berat bahkan dapat terjadi sumbatan total. Tujuan: Untukmenentukan validitas metode rinohigrometri sebagai indikator sumbatan hidung. Metode: Penelitian inimenggunakan studi analitik terhadap uji diagnostik untuk menentukan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitasmetode rinohigrometri sebagai indikator sumbatan hidung dibandingkan dengan peak nasal inspiratoryflow (PNIF) sebagai standar baku pada subjek yang mengalami sumbatan hidung dan subjek yang tidakmengalami sumbatan hidung. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah ditetapkan nilai titik potongmetode rinohigrometri adalah 3 cm dan 4 cm pada sisi panjang dan lebar, sedangkan nilai titik potongstandar baku PNIF adalah 80 liter/menit. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas metode rinohigrometri padasisi panjang adalah 87,8% dan 100%, sedangkan pada sisi lebar adalah 95,1% dan 89,8%. Kesimpulan:Metode rinohigrometri memiliki validitas sebagai indikator sumbatan hidung. Kata kunci: metode rinohigrometri, sumbatan hidung, titik potong, sensitivitas, spesifisitas

Are measurements of peak nasal flow useful for evaluating nasal obstruction in patients with allergic rhinitis?

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Gardenia Maria Martins de Oliveira ◽  
Jose Angelo Rizzo ◽  
Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos ◽  
Emanuel Savio Cavalcanti Sarinho
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Nasal Flow ◽  
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

Background: Nasal obstruction is one of the most bothering allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms and there is a need for objective parameters to complement clinical evaluation due to blunted perception in many patients. In this study we compare measures of peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) and peak nasal expiratory flow (PNEF) in patients with AR and in individuals without nasal symptoms and correlate them with the perception of nasal obstruction. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 64 AR patients and 67 individuals without nasal symptoms aged between 16 and 50 years. All subjects had PNIF and PNEF measures and subjective evaluations of nasal obstruction were done through a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a symptoms questionnaire. Results: The results show a lower PNIF and PNEF in AR patients compared to controls. There was no correlation between VAS score and PNIF and PNEF. There was a weak inverse correlation between PNIF and symptoms score. Conclusion: Objective measures of nasal obstruction, especially PNIF, can give useful informations on aspects of the disease different from those obtained from the patient`s perception.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impacts of Methylsulfonylmethane on Allergic Rhinitis After a Standard Allergen Challenge: Randomized Double-Blind Exploratory Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hewlings ◽  
Douglas S Kalman
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Adaptive Design ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Study Product

BACKGROUND The sulfur-containing compound methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) has been used as a dietary supplement for a variety of reported health benefits. Clinical observations and case studies have indicated that MSM may help alleviate allergic rhinitis; however, this effect has not been evaluated under controlled conditions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effects of MSM consumption on allergic rhinitis symptoms after provocation with a standardized allergen. METHODS We recruited healthy participants with a history of allergic nasal congestion to participate in a randomized, double-blind, adaptive-design study. Participants were administered a standardized allergen in clinic to determine the presence or absence of an allergic response. Participant responses were recorded using a recognized measure of nasal patency, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), and by a visual analog scale to score the severity of their allergy-related nasal symptoms. After we collected baseline nasal responses to allergen, followed by a 1-week washout period, participants returned to the clinic and were exposed to allergen after taking an acute high dose of 12 g of MSM. We then randomly assigned participants to a lower dose of MSM (1 g, 3 g, or 6 g), which they consumed once a day for 14 days. Participants returned to the clinic for repeat assessments while again taking their assigned daily dose of MSM. RESULTS All MSM treatment courses significantly reduced visual analog scale average nasal symptoms in a longitudinal comparison across all participants, with low-dose treatments decreasing symptoms by 53.72% (P=.001), and an acute 12-g dose decreasing symptoms by 22.49% (P=.03). Although the acute dose of MSM did not yield significant changes in nasal patency, low “everyday” doses significantly relieved nasal obstruction as indicated by a 17.32% (P=.02) increase in PNIF across all participants. The most effective dose across all measurements was daily consumption of 3 g of MSM, which significantly decreased all nasal symptoms (nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, watery or itchy eyes and nose, and sneezing) and further was found to significantly (P=.01) increase PNIF. CONCLUSIONS The MSM study product provided significant relief of allergic rhinitis symptoms and objective nasal obstruction measurements without the occurrence of adverse events. Oral consumption of the study product may reduce the symptoms and onset of allergic rhinitis without the side effects associated with standard-care medication. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02342483; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02342483 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/73vLKNvAp) INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR RR1-10.2196/11139

scholarly journals Nasal patency and craniocervical posture in scholar children

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333
Author(s):  
Jovana M. Milanesi ◽  
Luana C. Berwig ◽  
Angela R. Busanello-Stella ◽  
Maria Elaine Trevisan ◽  
Ana Maria T. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Head Extension ◽  
Symptom Evaluation ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

ABSTRACT Changes in head posture have been observed as a compensatory mechanism for the nasal airflow impairment. This study aimed to compare the craniocervical posture between children with normal and decreased nasal patency and correlate nasal patency with craniocervical posture. Children aging from six to twelve years went through nasal patency and craniocervical assessments. The biophotogrammetric measures of craniocervical posture used were Cervical Distance (CD), Head Horizontal Alignment (HHA) and Flexion-Extension Head Position (FE), evaluated by SAPO software (v.0.68). Nasal patency was measured using Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow meter (PNIF) and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale. One hundred thirty-three children were distributed into two groups: G1 (normal nasal patency - PNIF higher than 80% of predicted value) with 90 children; G2 (decreased nasal patency - PNIF lower than 80% of predicted value) with 43 children. Differences between groups were not found in CD and HHA measures. FE was significantly higher in G2 than G1 (p=0.023). Negative weak correlation between FE and %PNIF (r=-0.266; p=0.002) and positive weak correlation between CD and PNIF (r=0.209; p=0.016) were found. NOSE scores negatively correlated with PNIF (r=-0.179; p=0.039). Children with decreased nasal patency presented greater head extension. This postural deviation is prone to increase as nasal airflow decreases, thus indicating the relationship between craniocervical posture and nasal patency. Lower values of PNIF reflected on additional problems caused by nasal obstruction symptoms.

scholarly journals Fully Automated Colorimetric Analysis of the Optic Nerve Aided by Deep Learning and Its Association with Perimetry and OCT for the Study of Glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3231
Author(s):  
Marta Gonzalez-Hernandez ◽  
Daniel Gonzalez-Hernandez ◽  
Daniel Perez-Barbudo ◽  
Paloma Rodriguez-Esteve ◽  
Nisamar Betancor-Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Colorimetric Analysis ◽  
Cirrus Oct ◽  
And Function ◽  
Usual Pattern

Background: Laguna-ONhE is an application for the colorimetric analysis of optic nerve images, which topographically assesses the cup and the presence of haemoglobin. Its latest version has been fully automated with five deep learning models. In this paper, perimetry in combination with Laguna-ONhE or Cirrus-OCT was evaluated. Methods: The morphology and perfusion estimated by Laguna ONhE were compiled into a “Globin Distribution Function” (GDF). Visual field irregularity was measured with the usual pattern standard deviation (PSD) and the threshold coefficient of variation (TCV), which analyses its harmony without taking into account age-corrected values. In total, 477 normal eyes, 235 confirmed, and 98 suspected glaucoma cases were examined with Cirrus-OCT and different fundus cameras and perimeters. Results: The best Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis results for confirmed and suspected glaucoma were obtained with the combination of GDF and TCV (AUC: 0.995 and 0.935, respectively. Sensitivities: 94.5% and 45.9%, respectively, for 99% specificity). The best combination of OCT and perimetry was obtained with the vertical cup/disc ratio and PSD (AUC: 0.988 and 0.847, respectively. Sensitivities: 84.7% and 18.4%, respectively, for 99% specificity). Conclusion: Using Laguna ONhE, morphology, perfusion, and function can be mutually enhanced with the methods described for the purpose of glaucoma assessment, providing early sensitivity.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of the Echogenicity of a Breast Tumor Predicts the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3546
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sylwia Dobruch-Sobczak ◽  
Hanna Piotrzkowska-Wróblewska ◽  
Piotr Karwat ◽  
Ziemowit Klimonda ◽  
Ewa Markiewicz-Grodzicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The Third ◽  
Leibler Divergence

The aim of the study was to improve monitoring the treatment response in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The IRB approved this prospective study. Ultrasound examinations were performed prior to treatment and 7 days after four consecutive NAC cycles. Residual malignant cell (RMC) measurement at surgery was the standard of reference. Alteration in B-mode ultrasound (tumor echogenicity and volume) and the Kullback-Leibler divergence (kld), as a quantitative measure of amplitude difference, were used. Correlations of these parameters with RMC were assessed and Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed. Thirty-nine patients (mean age 57 y.) with 50 tumors were included. There was a significant correlation between RMC and changes in quantitative parameters (KLD) after the second, third and fourth course of NAC, and alteration in echogenicity after the third and fourth course. Multivariate analysis of the echogenicity and KLD after the third NAC course revealed a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 92%, PPV = 77%, NPV = 97%, accuracy = 91%, and AUC of 0.92 for non-responding tumors (RMC ≥ 70%). In conclusion, monitoring the echogenicity and KLD parameters made it possible to accurately predict the treatment response from the second course of NAC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document