The Efficacy of Injection of 0.25 mg/kg Dexamethasone after Induction of Anesthesia on Reducing Tonsillectomy Morbidities.

Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in otolaryngology practice. Nausea, vomiting, pain, decreased oral intake and dehydration are frequently associated with tonsillectomy. This study demonstrates the effect of prophylactic administration of dexamethasone as a single dose on post tonsillectomy morbidities. This was a comparative cross-sectional study of pediatric patients (3-15 years) attending the otolaryngology outpatient clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital between October 2010 and December 2012. A sample of 100 patients, divided into two groups of 50 patients was included for analysis. The first group received intravenous dexamethasone (0.25 mg/kg) as a single dose with induction of anesthesia. In the second, control, group, no pre-operative dexamethasone was administered. The outcome was assessed by a questionnaire distributed to both groups to evaluate post-operative nausea, vomiting, pain and early oral feeding. Pain score was assessed using a visual analogue scale (ranging from 0 to 10. Our results showed a statistically significant reduction in morbidity associated with tonsillectomy, supporting the administration of single dose intravenous dexamethasone during tonsillectomy.

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Prevalence of Thyroid Diseases in an Occupationally Radiation Exposed Group: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital of Southern Italy

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530318666181102114627 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 803-808 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luigi Vimercati ◽

Luigi De Maria ◽

Francesca Mansi ◽

Antonio Caputi ◽

Giovanni M. Ferri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Southern Italy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Thyroid Diseases ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exposed Workers

Background: Thyroid diseases occur more frequently in people exposed to ionizing radiation, but the relationship between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and thyroid pathologies still remains unclear. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in healthcare workers exposed to low-level ionizing radiation compared with a control group working at the University Hospital of Bari, Southern Italy, and living in the same geographical area, characterized by mild iodine deficiency. Methods: We ran a cross-sectional study to investigate whether healthcare workers exposed to ionizing radiation had a higher prevalence of thyroid diseases. Four hundred and forty-four exposed healthcare workers (241 more exposed, or “A Category”, and 203 less exposed, or “B Category”) and 614 nonexposed healthcare workers were enrolled during a routine examination at the Occupational Health Unit. They were asked to fill in an anamnestic questionnaire and undergo a physical examination, serum determination of fT3, fT4 and TSH, anti-TPO ab and anti-TG ab and ultrasound neck scan. Thyroid nodules were submitted to fine needle aspiration biopsy when indicated. Results: The prevalence of thyroid diseases was statistically higher in the exposed workers compared to controls (40% vs 29%, adPR 1.65; IC95% 1.34-2.07). In particular, the thyroid nodularity prevalence in the exposed group was approximately twice as high as that in the controls (29% vs 13%; adPR 2.83; IC95% 2.12-3.8). No statistically significant association was found between exposure to ionizing radiation and other thyroid diseases. Conclusion: In our study, mild ionizing radiation-exposed healthcare workers had a statistically higher prevalence of thyroid diseases than the control group. The results are likely due to a closer and more meticulous health surveillance programme carried out in the ionising radiation-exposed workers, allowing them to identify thyroid alterations earlier than non-exposed health staff.

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Is suicidal ideation associated with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis?

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37562017000000129 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Martín Bedolla-Barajas ◽

Norma Angélica Pulido-Guillén ◽

Bolívar Vivar-Aburto ◽

Jaime Morales-Romero ◽

José Raúl Ortiz-Peregrina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether there is an association between suicidal ideation (SI) and allergic diseases in adults. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study involving individuals ranging from 20 to 50 years of age recruited from a university hospital in the city of Guadalajara, Mexico. We included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of allergic asthma, those with a confirmed diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, and healthy controls. All subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), which includes an item that evaluates the presence of suicidal thoughts or desires within the last two weeks, in order to identify SI. Results: The sample comprised 115 patients with allergic asthma, 111 patients with allergic rhinitis, and 96 healthy controls. The number of individuals identified with SI in the three groups were, respectively, 17 (14.8%), 13 (11.7%), and 8 (8.3%). Regarding the presence of SI, no statistically significant association was found in the allergic asthma group (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 0.78-4.64; p = 0.154) or in the allergic rhinitis group (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 0.58-3.68; p = 0.424) when they were compared with the control group. However, the presence of depression was associated with SI in the three groups: allergic asthma (OR = 12.36; 95% CI: 2.67-57.15; p = 0.001); allergic rhinitis (OR = 6.20; 95% CI: 1.66-23.14; p = 0.006); and control (OR = 21.0; 95% CI: 3.75-117.36; p < 0,001). Conclusions: In comparison with the control group, no association was found between SI and the groups with allergic diseases. In contrast, there was association between SI and depression in the three groups.

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Recurrent Miscarriage and Consanguinity among Omani Women– A Cross Sectional Study

Gynecology & Reproductive Health ◽

10.33425/2639-9342.1141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatma Al Hoqani ◽

Wadha Al Ghafri ◽

Saneya El tayeb ◽

Yahya Al Farsi ◽

Vaidyanathan Gowri

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Miscarriage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Recurrent Miscarriages ◽

Sultan Qaboos University ◽

Chi Squared ◽

History Of

Objective: to determine the prevalence of explained and unexplained recurrent miscarriages (RM) and to find out if there is a significant relationship between recurrent miscarriages and consanguinity. Methods: A cross sectional in which the cases group included all women with RM attending the outpatient clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from July 2006 to April 2012 and the controls group included women with no history of RM after matching them with cases for age (case to control ratio was 1:1). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of consanguinity in women with or without recurrent miscarriages. Results: During study period a total of 290 women with RM were seen. Of which, 150 (51.7%) women had unexplained RM. Control group with no history of RM were 300 women. Consanguinity rate among cases (49.5%) %) was less than the controls (52.7 %%). Both first cousin and second cousin marriages were more common in the controls than the cases and it was not statistically significant (p value 0.476, chi squared test). Conclusion: In this study we found that more than half of RM cases were unexplained and there was no significant association between RM and consanguinity.

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Anti-myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein in Aquaporin-4 Negative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences ◽

10.32598/cjns.7.24.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16

Author(s):

Vahid Shaygannejad ◽

◽

Mahdi Barzegar ◽

Navid Manouchehri ◽

Nafiseh Esmaeil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuromyelitis Optica ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Aquaporin 4 ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Control

Background: The absence of Aquaporin-4 Antibody (AQP4-Ab) in a fraction of the Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) patients has led to a search for other serologic markers. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is a protein component of the myelin sheets encapsulating the neural fibers. Objectives: We aimed to compare the presence and levels of anti-MOG (Ig-G) in a group of seronegative NMOSD patients with a healthy control group. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 NMOSD patients with negative AQP-Ab status, who were referred to the Neurology Clinic of Kashani University Hospital in Isfahan City, Iran, from March 2015 to March 2016, and 26 healthy controls were consecutively recruited. Their baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serum anti-MOG levels were measured in both groups. The obtained data were analyzed using the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Chisquare test in SPSS V. 18. Results: The anti-MOG test results were statistically higher in patients (n=12, 37.5%) compared to controls (n=0, 0%) (P<0.0001). The level of anti-MOG in Healthy Control (HC) was higher compared to patients with negative anti-MOG (P<0.0001) and was lower than patients with positive anti-MOG (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Our study showed that nearly one-third of seronegative NMOSD patients were positive for MOG-Ab. Further studies are needed to assess the characteristics and outcome of these patients.

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Natriuria and calciuria levels in preeclampsia: a cross-sectional study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802013000100021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 131 (2) ◽

pp. 106-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rose Gasnier ◽

Edimárlei Gonsales Valério ◽

Janete Vettorazzi ◽

Sérgio Hoffmeister Martins-Costa ◽

Elvino Guardão Barros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Severe Preeclampsia ◽

University Hospital ◽

Group Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Hypertension ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Risk Pregnancy

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Sodium excretion abnormalities in preeclampsia have been studied in relation to several factors. The objective of this study was to compare natriuria (mEq/24 h) and calciuria levels (mg/24 h) in preeclamptic patients. DESIGN AND SETTING An analytical cross-sectional study with a control group was conducted in the obstetric center and the high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic at a university hospital in southern Brazil, and in a primary healthcare unit in the same city, including pregnant women with mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia or chronic hypertension, and women with normal pregnancies (14 patients in each group). METHOD Natriuria was measured using an ion-selective electrode in an automated clinical chemistry analyzer (Hitache 917, Roche). All the patients collected 24-hour urine, at home or at the hospital, for analysis of proteins, creatinine, calcium, sodium and uric acid. Quantitative variables with asymmetrical distribution were described using the median, minimum and maximum, and were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results were logarithmically transformed, with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) by ranks and then the post-hoc Tukey test, and were analyzed by means of the Spearman correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The significance level used was 0.05. RESULTS There were significant differences between the groups in comparing severe preeclampsia with chronic hypertension and severe preeclampsia with controls (P < 0.0001 for both measurements). CONCLUSION Natriuria levels may be lower in preeclampsia when associated with calciuria. Natriuria assessment is an additional test for differential diagnosis of hypertensive diseases in pregnancy, but is a poor predictor when used alone.

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Vitamin D Status in Postmenopausal Females in Saudi Arabia

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120002566 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Shatha Alharazy ◽

Eman Alissa ◽

Adeel Chaudhary ◽

Susan Lanham-New ◽

M. Denise Robertson

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Jeddah City ◽

King Abdulaziz University

AbstractVitamin D (vitD) deficiency is highly prevalent in the Middle East (including Saudi Arabia) despite the abundance of sunlight. Older individuals in particular are at high risk of being vitD deficient. VitD binding protein (DBP), which acts as a carrier of vitD and its metabolites, has been reported to influence vitD status. In our study we aimed to investigate vitD status among postmenopausal women and its relation to DBP. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Seventy six postmenopausal females (age ≥ 50 years) who were not taking vitD supplementation and who were resident in Jeddah city, were randomly recruited from internal medicine clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, lifestyle history, dietary vitD intake and fasting blood samples were obtained from all study participants. Serum total 25 hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D), DBP, albumin, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, magnesium and metabolic bone parameters were analysed. VitD deficiency was defined as serum total 25(OH)D level below 30 nmol/L. The mean (± SD) serum level of total 25(OH)D was 46.9 ± 28.9 nmol/L with 36 % of the study population being vitD deficient. Although non-significant, the vitD deficient group had lower DBP and higher dietary vitD intake levels when compared with those with serum vitD > 30nmol/L. In addition, DBP was inversely correlated with vitD dietary intake (r = -0.233, P = 0.046). In conclusion, vitD deficiency is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women living in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Intake of a vitD rich food seems to be associated with low DBP levels. Genetic polymorphisms in DBP will be studied in the future to find out a possible explanation for the differences in vitD status and DBP between individuals as well as the concomitant relationship between dietary vitD intake, DBP and serum 25(OH)D levels.

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Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Toward Their Epileptic Children at King Abdulaziz University Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.12697 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Abdulelah Kinkar ◽

Dalya Alqarni ◽

Abdulaziz Alghamdi ◽

Sahal Wali ◽

Nasser Alghamdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Parental Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Epileptic Children ◽

King Abdulaziz University ◽

The Mean

BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a chronic disease characterized by periodic seizures that result from abnormal integrated firing impulses in the brain. It is one of the most common neurological disorders. Over the past few years, there has been increasing awareness about the effect that having a child with epilepsy has on parents and the reciprocal impact of parental knowledge and attitudes regarding epilepsy on the affected child. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess parental knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward their epileptic children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 by the Pediatric Neurology Department of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A sample size of 115 of 332 parents who have a child diagnosed with epilepsy and aged 18 years or younger were recruited for this study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Data analysis was performed using an independent <italic>t</italic> test, a chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and correlation analysis. RESULTS A total of 115 participants answered the questionnaire; of these, 65 (56.5%) were men, with an average age of 40.3 years, and the mean age of the children was 9.0 years. Overall, 85 (85/115, 73.9%) children were taken care of by both of their parents. The mean parental knowledge score was 7.49 (SD 2.08) out of 12, and it was significantly related to the educational level of the parent (<italic>P</italic>=.004). The knowledge question that was most frequently answered incorrectly was “Diagnosis of epilepsy is usually made based on at least two unprovoked seizures.” As only 28.7% (33/115) of participants chose the correct answer, mean parental attitude score was 26.51 (SD 4.284) out of 35, and there was no significant relation with the educational level of parents (<italic>P</italic>=.13); however, it was negatively correlated with the child’s age (<italic>P</italic>=.045). Mean parental behavioral score was 23.35 (SD 4.121) out of 35, and there was no significant relation with the educational level of the parents (<italic>P</italic>=.24). The most negatively answered question for the behavior section was “I can leave my child without supervision,” with a mean score of 2.25 (SD 1.09) out of 5. Gender did not play a significant role in parental knowledge, attitudes, or behavior (<italic>P</italic>=.44, <italic>P</italic>=.77, and <italic>P</italic>=.99, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Parental knowledge in our sample still needs improvement. Therefore, more awareness campaigns should be made for the community and for the parents of affected children to create a supportive environment for the children and help them thrive and develop.

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Awareness and Level of Knowledge About Surgical Site Infections and Risks of Wound Infection Among Medical Physicians in King Abdulaziz University Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.12769 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Wahbi Albishi ◽

Marwan Ahmad Albeshri ◽

Hatan Hisham Mortada ◽

Khaled Alzahrani ◽

Rakan Alharbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Infection ◽

Wound Care ◽

Quality Care ◽

Surgical Site Infections ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

King Abdulaziz University ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Definition Of

BACKGROUND Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the leading causes of death, and its prevention is a key element of applying the concept of patient safety and quality care. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about SSIs and risks of wound infection among medical physicians in King Abdulaziz University Hospital. METHODS All surgical and medical consultants, specialists, residents, and medical interns were invited to participate in the study. A 20-Item multiple-choice questionnaire was developed by reviewing the previous literature and with the help of a group of certified surgeons to assess the level of knowledge in all participants. RESULTS A total of 119 doctors were included in this study. Among all respondents, 92 (77.3%) were intern doctors, 16 (13.4%) were resident doctors, and 11 (9.2%) were specialist doctors. Moreover, 66 (55.5%) doctors knew the definition of SSI. Only one-quarter, that is, 30 (25.2%) doctors knew about the incidence of SSI. In addition, 8 doctors (6.7%) had good knowledge, 75 (63.0%) had fair knowledge, and 36 (30.2%) had poor knowledge regarding SSI according to this study. CONCLUSIONS Level of knowledge about SSIs and risks of wound infections among medical physicians should be improved to ensure better wound care and quality care for the patients.

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ACUTE BRONCHIOLITIS IN CHILDREN;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.05.1524 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (05) ◽

pp. 707-712

Author(s):

SHAKIL AHMAD ◽

SADIDA AAMIR ◽

SHAHBAZ AHMAD

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

University Hospital ◽

Acute Bronchiolitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Clinical Variables

Objectives: To study the epidemiological and clinical features of acute bronchiolitis in children <2 years of age with mild tomoderate acute bronchiolitis. Study design: Descriptive, cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Outpatient department ofDepartment of Pediatrics, independent university hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan, from October 2010 to March 2011. Methodology: 200children diagnosed clinically with mild or moderate acute bronchiolitis were included in the study using convenient sampling technique.Epidemiologic variables of interest included age, gestational age at birth, sex, weight, breastfed or not, parental or caregiver tobaccosmoking and socioeconomic status. Clinical variables of interest included cough, fever, breathlessness, wheeze, Rhonchi, feeding andsleep pattern and severity of disease. Results: Predominant age group was between 2 to 12 months (76.5%) with mean age of 7.6±4.7.95.5% of children were full term at birth. Male predominance with male to female ratio of 1.4:1 was noted. Mean weight was 7.2±1.8 kg.Predominantly mixed feeding pattern (45%) was observed. Most of the parents/caregivers (70%) were nonsmokers. Majority of children(81.5%) belonged to families with poor socioeconomic status. Results of clinical variables revealed Cough (100%), breathlessness(69.5%), audible wheeze (59.5%) and rhonchi on chest auscultation (100%), disturbed sleep (80%) and decreased oral feeding (78%).Majority of children (79.5%) were afebrile. Mild acute bronchiolitis (73.5%) was predominant as compared to moderate acutebronchiolitis (26.5%). Conclusions: Acute bronchiolitis is more prevalent in children <1 year of age with male predominance and inchildren from families with poor socioeconomic status. Mild form of acute bronchiolitis is more common. A relative lack of fever alongwith cough, breathlessness, wheeze and/or rhonchi are major presenting clinical features of acute bronchiolitis.

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Colostrum knowledge among Saudi mothers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.1251 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Steve Harakeh ◽

Musab Almatrafi ◽

Rahma Bukhari ◽

Turki Alamri ◽

Salah Barnawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Occupational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Saudi Women ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

High Knowledge ◽

King Abdulaziz University ◽

Community Data

Abstract Objective: To assess the knowledge level of Saudi women about colostrum for the newborns. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to June 2016 at the Gynecological Clinics of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and comprised lactating mothers in the community. Data was collected using a pretested questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: of the 552 mothers, 301(54.5%) were age >30 years. The source of information about colostrum was friends and family for 367(66.67%) subjects. Overall, 367(66%) had high knowledge about colostrum. A significant correlation was detected between age and knowledge about colostrum composition and duration (p<0.05); as well as between educational level and colostrum composition, colour, and form (p<0.05). A significant association between occupational status and knowledge about colostrum colour and form was also noted (p<0.05). Conclusion: Saudi mothers were found to have a good knowledge about colostrum and its benefits. Key Words: Colostrum knowledege, Breastfeeding, Pregnancy, NewbornI, Immunity. Continuous...

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