scholarly journals The Periodic Table of Elementary Particles for Baryonic Matter and Dark Matter: Upward-Going ANITA Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (13) ◽  
pp. 2308-2319
Author(s):  
Ding-Yu Chung
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Baudis

The dark matter problem is almost a century old. Since the 1930s evidence has been growing that our cosmos is dominated by a new form of non-baryonic matter that holds galaxies and clusters together and influences cosmic structures up to the largest observed scales. At the microscopic level, we still do not know the composition of this dark, or invisible, matter, which does not interact directly with light. The simplest assumption is that it is made of new particles that interact with gravity and, at most, weakly with known elementary particles. I will discuss searches for such new particles, both space- and Earth-bound, including those experiments placed in deep underground laboratories. While a dark matter particle has not yet been identified, even after decades of concerted efforts, new technological developments and experiments have reached sensitivities where a discovery might be imminent, albeit certainly not guaranteed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 494 (4) ◽  
pp. 4706-4712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Robertson ◽  
Richard Massey ◽  
Vincent Eke

ABSTRACT We assess a claim that observed galaxy clusters with mass ${\sim}10^{14} \mathrm{\, M_\odot }$ are more centrally concentrated than predicted in lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM). We generate mock strong gravitational lensing observations, taking the lenses from a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation, and analyse them in the same way as the real Universe. The observed and simulated lensing arcs are consistent with one another, with three main effects responsible for the previously claimed inconsistency. First, galaxy clusters containing baryonic matter have higher central densities than their counterparts simulated with only dark matter. Secondly, a sample of clusters selected because of the presence of pronounced gravitational lensing arcs preferentially finds centrally concentrated clusters with large Einstein radii. Thirdly, lensed arcs are usually straighter than critical curves, and the chosen image analysis method (fitting circles through the arcs) overestimates the Einstein radii. After accounting for these three effects, ΛCDM predicts that galaxy clusters should produce giant lensing arcs that match those in the observed Universe.


2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (15) ◽  
pp. 1740001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Yu. Khlopov

In the context of the relationship between physics of cosmological dark matter and symmetry of elementary particles, a wide list of dark matter candidates is possible. New symmetries provide stability of different new particles and their combination can lead to a multicomponent dark matter. The pattern of symmetry breaking involves phase transitions in the very early Universe, extending the list of candidates by topological defects and even primordial nonlinear structures.


2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2355-2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN L. FENG ◽  
ARVIND RAJARAMAN ◽  
FUMIHIRO TAKAYAMA

The gravitational interactions of elementary particles are suppressed by the Planck scale M*~1018 GeV and are typically expected to be far too weak to be probed by experiments. We show that, contrary to conventional wisdom, such interactions may be studied by particle physics experiments in the next few years. As an example, we consider conventional supergravity with a stable gravitino as the lightest supersymmetric particle. The next-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) decays to the gravitino through gravitational interactions after about a year. This lifetime can be measured by stopping NLSPs at colliders and observing their decays. Such studies will yield a measurement of Newton's gravitational constant on unprecedentedly small scales, shed light on dark matter, and provide a window on the early universe.


BIBECHANA ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Devendra Adhikari ◽  
Krishna Raj Adhikari

Different physical phenomena, techniques, and evidences which give the proof for the existence of dark matter have been discussed. Keywords: Baryonic matter; dark matter; Chandra x-ray ObservatoryDOI: 10.3126/bibechana.v6i0.3936BIBECHANA Vol. 6, March 2010 pp.27-30


Author(s):  
Engel Roza

It is shown that the Lambda component in the cosmological Lambda-CDM model can be conceived as vacuum energy, consisting of gravitational particles subject to Heisenberg’s energy-time uncertainty. These particles can be modelled as elementary polarisable Dirac-type dipoles (“darks”) in a fluidal space at thermodynamic equilibrium, with spins that are subject to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Around the baryonic kernels, uniformly distributed in the universe, the spins are polarized, thereby invoking an increase of the effective gravitational strength of the kernels. It explains the dark matter effect to the extent that the numerical value of Milgrom’s acceleration constant can be assessed by theory. Non-polarized vacuum particles beyond the baryonic kernels compose the dark energy. The result is a quantum mechanical interpretation of gravity in terms of quantitatively established shares in baryonic matter, dark matter and dark energy, which correspond with the values of the Lambda-CDM model..


2004 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 173-174
Author(s):  
N. R. Napolitano ◽  
M. Capaccioli ◽  
M. Arnaboldi ◽  
M. R. Merrifield ◽  
N. G. Douglas ◽  
...  

We have found a correlation between the M / L global gradients and the structural parameters of the luminous components of a sample of 19 early-type galaxies. Such a correlation supports the hypothesis that there is a connection between the dark matter content and the evolution of the baryonic component in such systems.


Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Beylin ◽  
Maxim Yu. Khlopov ◽  
Vladimir Kuksa ◽  
Nikolay Volchanskiy

The problems of simple elementary weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) appeal to extend the physical basis for nonbaryonic dark matter. Such extension involves more sophisticated dark matter candidates from physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) of elementary particles. We discuss several models of dark matter, predicting new colored, hyper-colored or techni-colored particles and their accelerator and non-accelerator probes. The nontrivial properties of the proposed dark matter candidates can shed new light on the dark matter physics. They provide interesting solutions for the puzzles of direct and indirect dark matter search.


2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
LI-ZHI FANG

Although the gravitational field in the universe is dominated by dark matter, observations show that the statistical properties of cosmic baryonic matter are significantly and systematically decoupled from that of the underlying dark matter. This is because the cosmic baryon fluid in highly nonlinear regime is in a state of fully developed turbulence, of which the velocity field consists of shocks, vortices and complex structures. This scenario provides a coherent explanation of various phenomena referring to the decoupling of the IGM from dark matter, including the log-Poisson non-Gaussianity of Ly-alpha transmitted flux fluctuations; turbulent broadening; abnormal scaling; baryon missing in halos etc.


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