Integrated Design and Control of Active Aerodynamic Features for High Performance Electric Vehicles

The effect of cellulosic aerogel treatments used for adsorption of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP])—generated during the manufacture of sesame oil was evaluated. In this study, eulalia (Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens)-based cellulosic aerogel (adsorbent) was prepared and used high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for determination of PAHs in sesame oil. In addition, changes in the sesame oil quality parameters (acid value, peroxide value, color, and fatty acid composition) following cellulosic aerogel treatment were also evaluated. The four PAHs and their total levels decreased in sesame oil samples roasted under different conditions (p < 0.05) following treatment with cellulosic aerogel. In particular, highly carcinogenic BaP was not detected after treatment with cellulosic aerogel. Moreover, there were no noticeable quality changes in the quality parameters between treated and control samples. It was concluded that eulalia-based cellulosic aerogel proved suitable for the reduction of PAHs from sesame oil and can be used as an eco-friendly adsorbent.

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Robust Combined Design and Control Optimization of Hybrid-Electric Vehicles Using MDSDO

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology ◽

10.1109/tvt.2021.3071863 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Saeed Azad ◽

Michael J. Alexander-Ramos

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽

Combined Design ◽

Control Optimization ◽

Hybrid Electric ◽

And Control

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Advanced high-performance processing tools for diagnostics and control in fusion devices

Fusion Engineering and Design ◽

10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112529 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 170 ◽

pp. 112529

Author(s):

N. Cruz ◽

A.J.N. Batista ◽

J.M. Cardoso ◽

B.B. Carvalho ◽

P.F. Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Diagnostics And Control ◽

And Control

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Detection of Antimicrobial Residues in Poultry Litter: Monitoring a Risk through a Selective and Sensitive HPLC–MS/MS Method

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1399

Author(s):

Karina Yévenes ◽

Ekaterina Pokrant ◽

Lina Trincado ◽

Lisette Lapierre ◽

Nicolás Galarce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽

Antimicrobial Residues ◽

Field Samples ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Commercial Poultry ◽

Agriculture Fertilizer ◽

And Control

Tetracyclines, sulphonamides, and quinolones are families of antimicrobials (AMs) widely used in the poultry industry and can excrete up to 90% of AMs administrated, which accumulate in poultry litter. Worryingly, poultry litter is widely used as an agriculture fertilizer, contributing to the spread AMs residues in the environment. The aim of this research was to develop a method that could simultaneously identify and quantify three AMs families in poultry litter by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Samples of AMs free poultry litter were used to validate the method according to 657/2002/EC and VICH GL49. Results indicate that limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 8.95 to 20.86 μg kg−1, while limits of quantitation (LOQ) values were between 26.85 and 62.58 µg kg−1 of tetracycline, 4-epi-tetracycline, oxytetracycline, 4-epi-oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, sulfachloropyridazine, and sulfadiazine. Recoveries obtained ranged from 93 to 108%. The analysis of field samples obtained from seven commercial poultry flocks confirmed the adequacy of the method since it detected means concentrations ranging from 20 to 10,364 μg kg−1. This provides us an accurate and reliable tool to monitor AMs residues in poultry litter and control its use as agricultural fertilizer.

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A Novel Fast-Locking ADPLL Based on Bisection Method

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10121382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1382

Author(s):

Xiaoying Deng ◽

Huazhang Li ◽

Mingcheng Zhu

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Tuning Range ◽

Frequency Control ◽

Control Word ◽

Cmos Process ◽

Bisection Method ◽

Reference Frequency ◽

Wide Tuning Range ◽

Cascade Structure ◽

And Control

Based on the idea of bisection method, a new structure of All-Digital Phased-Locked Loop (ADPLL) with fast-locking is proposed. The structure and locking method are different from the traditional ADPLLs. The Control Circuit consists of frequency compare module, mode-adjust module and control module, which is responsible for adjusting the frequency control word of digital-controlled-oscillator (DCO) by Bisection method according to the result of the frequency compare between reference clock and restructure clock. With a high frequency cascade structure, the DCO achieves wide tuning range and high resolution. The proposed ADPLL was designed in SMIC 180 nm CMOS process. The measured results show a lock range of 640-to-1920 MHz with a 40 MHz reference frequency. The ADPLL core occupies 0.04 mm2, and the power consumption is 29.48 mW, with a 1.8 V supply. The longest locking time is 23 reference cycles, 575 ns, at 1.92 GHz. When the ADPLL operates at 1.28 GHz–1.6 GHz, the locking time is the shortest, only 9 reference cycles, 225 ns. Compared with the recent high-performance ADPLLs, our design shows advantages of small area, short locking time, and wide tuning range.

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Input Parallel Output Series Structure of Planar Medium Frequency Transformers for 200 kW Power Converter: Model and Parameters Evaluation

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14051450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1450

Author(s):

Alessandro La Ganga ◽

Roberto Re ◽

Paolo Guglielmi

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

High Performance ◽

Power Converter ◽

Electrical Model ◽

Solid State Transformer ◽

Medium Frequency ◽

Analytical Treatment ◽

Transformer Model ◽

Planar Medium ◽

Parallel Output

Nowadays, the demand for high power converters for DC applications, such as renewable sources or ultra-fast chargers for electric vehicles, is constantly growing. Galvanic isolation is mandatory in most of these applications. In this context, the Solid State Transformer (SST) converter plays a fundamental role. The adoption of the Medium Frequency Transformers (MFT) guarantees galvanic isolation in addition to high performance in reduced size. In the present paper, a multi MFT structure is proposed as a solution to improve the power density and the modularity of the system. Starting from 20kW planar transformer model, experimentally validated, a multi-transformer structure is analyzed. After an analytical treatment of the Input Parallel Output Series (IPOS) structure, an equivalent electrical model of a 200kW IPOS (made by 10 MFTs) is introduced. The model is validated by experimental measurements and tests.

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