scholarly journals “You are my rock and fortress”. Refuge metaphors in Psalm 31. a perspective from cognitive metaphor theory

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Basson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory

Cognitive metaphor theories in translation studies: Toward a dual-model parametric approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-52
Author(s):  
Sui He
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dual Model ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Complementary Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Two Parameters

Abstract Cognitive metaphor theory provides a systematic framework to better understand the working mechanism of metaphor. Its recent development further allows translation researchers to have a clearer insight into the movement of metaphor across languages and culture. Building on an empirical study, this paper examines the complementary relationship between two prominent cognitive metaphor theories – Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and Conceptual Blending Theory (CBT), and discusses the practical contribution that this relationship could make to the existing research on metaphor translation. To construct a comparable basis for CMT and CBT, two parameters are adopted for data analysis, which is proven useful to serve the purpose. The two chosen parameters are: projection and provenance, denoting the content and the type of metaphor respectively. Metaphorical expressions analyzed in this paper are sourced from cosmology-themed articles published in Scientific American in 2017 and their Simplified Chinese translations published in Huanqiukexue. Findings show that delineated by the two parameters, CMT and CBT indeed share a complementary relationship owing to their different focuses and organizing mechanisms. Furthermore, the collaboration between CMT and CBT offers a well-rounded analytical framework for translation studies. In turn, the correlation between metaphor parameters and translation solutions provides detailed clues for studying metaphor across culture. Finally, the reflection of this dual-model parametric approach regarding its pros and cons is also shown to shed light on future research.

‘The sickness stands at your shoulder …’: Embodiment and cognitive metaphor in Hornbacher’sWasted: A Memoir of Anorexia and Bulimia

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Senkbeil ◽  
Nicola Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Embodied Experiences ◽  
Marya Hornbacher ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

This paper applies cognitive linguistic approaches, particularly conceptual metaphor theory, to the study of literature, and analyses how Wasted: A Memoir of Anorexia and Bulimia (1998) by Marya Hornbacher communicates embodied experiences such as sickness, hunger, and (self-)loathing with the help of conceptual metaphors. It explores how the author renegotiates and partly recontextualizes highly conventionalized metaphors around eating disorders, mental illness, and identity to create new meaning, and how this strategy helped explain the mindset of a person with anorexia and bulimia to a broad critical readership in the late 1990s. This paper hence hypothesizes that the book’s emphasis on metaphors as a means to articulate bodily experiences surrounding a mental disorder may hint towards larger trends concerning the representation of the body–mind relationship in literature and culture in the last two decades.

scholarly journals Metaforikus névadás

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Katalin Reszegi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The Creation

The paper discusses the cognitive mechanics of metaphorical name-giving with a focus on place names, following an overview of cognitive metaphor theory and the questions of metaphorically used proper nouns. In cognitive linguistics, the use of metaphors is a cognitive mechanism that plays a fundamental role in human thought and understanding, and the creation of our social, cultural and psychological reality. A particular form of this also manifests in name-giving, creating a small but influential category of names. The category of place names also influences the application of this name-giving method: it is generally used in more informal names and name types. The creation of such a name requires the speaker to detach themselves from the conventional norms of direct descriptionand metonymic name-giving, and relies on their lingual creativity and ability to detach themselves from dominant name-giving models. However, names in the category can also be divided into subcategories. Beyond the typical common-noun-based metaphorical name-giving, more complex parallels can also be found, resulting in the associations connecting the names of several nearby locations. Place names can also serve as the base of metaphorical name-giving, supporting the complex meaning of these names. Despite the fact that the majority of metaphorical names are available from contemporary data collection, it is obviously a long-standing and ancient method of name-giving, as it is based on a cognitive mechanics that seem to be as old as humanity itself.

Metaphorical Representations of the Biblical Concepts of Death and Resurrection When Translating in a Buddhist Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Somov
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Buddhist Culture

This article applies Lakoff and Johnson’s cognitive metaphor theory to the key terms of death and resurrection in the Scriptures and examines the translation of these terms into languages with a traditional Buddhist culture whose worldview is different from that of the Bible. The present analysis indicates that in the conceptual system of the biblical authors, the concept of death is metaphorically described as sleep while resurrection is pictured as waking up and standing up. However, in the Buddhist worldview the concept of the resurrection is absent and the concept of death is not always metaphorically extended as sleep. This article discusses the practical possibilities and limits of the representations of these metaphorical extensions in three Buddhist-context translation projects of the Institute for Bible Translation in Russia: Buryat, Kalmyk, and Tuvan. It also offers some suggestions about searching for their possible representations in the target language.

Leader metaphors in Ekegusii language

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-215
Author(s):  
Aunga Solomon Onchoke ◽  
Xu Wen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Metaphor Theory

Abstract This is a cognitive linguistic study of a cultural-specific metaphor of a leader in Ekegusii, an African Bantu language in Kenya. A descriptive research design was used whereby the natives were asked to identify and explain the Ekegusii leader metaphorical terms and phrases, describe the social cultural values and to account for the cognitive mapping processes involved. The data collected were analyzed using the Cognitive Metaphor Theory (CMT) of Lakoff and Johnson (1980). The results show that a leader in Ekegusii is conceptualized as a plant, animal, object or the behavior the leader exhibits (also act as X domains). It was also found out that context, values, attitude of the speaker and cultural knowledge play a major role in interpreting and understanding Ekegusii leader metaphors. The study concludes by suggesting further research of metaphors in African and other languages to enable comparisons.

Verbo-pictorial metaphor in French advertising

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISABEL NEGRO ALOUSQUE
Keyword(s):  
Present Contribution ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Pragmatic Function ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Concrete Type

ABSTRACTIn the last thirty years the development of the Cognitive Metaphor Theory (e.g. Lakoff, 1987, 2006; Lakoff and Johnson, 1999) has led to vast research into metaphor. The study of linguistic metaphor was followed by a body of work into pictorial metaphor (Forceville, 1994, 1996) and multimodal metaphor (Forceville, 2007, 2008, 2009). In the present contribution we explore the use of verbo-pictorial metaphors in advertising through a corpus of French print ads. Starting from the claim that adverts serve a persuasive purpose, it will be argued that multimodal metaphor contributes to that purpose. The paper addresses three issues: a) how multimodal metaphors are manifested in the French advertisements; b) how image and text interact in a concrete type of multimodal metaphor in French print advertisements, namely verbo-pictorial metaphor; c) how verbo-pictorial metaphor performs a pragmatic function in advertising.

scholarly journals Metaphorical Representation of the Concept SCARCITY in the Mass Media Discourse

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Stable Set ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
General Semantic

The article considers linguistic means of metaphorical representation of the terminological cognitive concept SCARCITY, as well as the range of its cognitive metaphors in the English-language media discourse in 1970–2000. Following the principles of the cognitive metaphor theory, I established the cross-domain mappings and, in particular, that the concept SCARCITY interacts with the source domains OBJECT IN SPACE (subdomains MOVEMENT DOWN / MOVEMENT UP), MEDICINE (subdomains DISEASE / EPIDEMIC, MENTAL DISORDER, DEATH), LIVING ORGANISM (subdomains MAN, ENEMY), forming cognitive metaphor models SCARCITY is MOVEMENT DOWN / UP, SCARCITY is DISEASE etc., which also participate in the metaphorical representation of the concept ECONOMIC CRISIS that I considered in my previous articles. This can be explained by the fact that lexeme scarcity (n.) as the name of the concept SCARCITY is an element of the nominative field of the concept ECONOMIC CRISIS, in particular, its extension “Shortage of financial resources” motivated by the general semantic property ‘shortage’. The range of metaphors (source domains) for the concept SCARCITY is a part of a historically stable set of source domains of the cognitive metaphor of the concept ECONOMIC CRISIS. The set of the source domains of the concept SCARCITY differs in a more limited range of source domains compared to those of the concept ECONOMIC CRISIS. The former’s set of domains includes OBJECT IN THE SPACE, MEDICINE, LIVING ORGANISM instead of the eight source domains of the concept ECONOMIC CRISIS. There is also a more limited set of metaphorical models in comparison with the concept ECONOMIC CRISIS and absence of metonymic and metaphtonymic models, which indicates a more pronounced degree of terminology for the concept SCARCITY compared to ECONOMIC CRISIS.

scholarly journals Cross-linguistic Metaphorical Representation of the #MeToo Movement: Communicating Attitudes

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Jurga Cibulskienė
Keyword(s):  
Social Issue ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Social Concerns ◽  
Critical Metaphor Analysis ◽  
Sensitive Issues

The article focuses on the metaphorical conceptualisation of the #MeToo movement, which has spread virally as a hashtag used on social media in an attempt to demonstrate the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and harassment. The #MeToo movement as a social issue is looked at from the perspective of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) (Charteris-Black 2005/2011, 2014, Musolff 2004, 2016, Koller 2014, De Landtsheer 2009, Hart 2010). CMA is a blend of Cognitive Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis that aims at identifying how metaphors are used to describe socially contested issues and how they reveal speakers’ hidden intentions and attitudes (Charteris-Black, 2014, p. 174). CMA is also concerned with the different functions metaphors may perform. A predicative function, being one of many, is most likely to explain how socially sensitive issues are communicated (Charteris-Black, 2014, pp. 204-207; Musolff, 2016, p. 4). In other words, it implies positive or negative attitudes expressed towards certain issues. Thus, the paper aims to study how the predicative function of metaphor manifests in the discourse of contemporary social concerns cross-linguistically and cross-culturally. In other words, the paper looks into how different attitudes towards the #MeToo movement are communicated via metaphors in Lithuanian and English media and how they shape prevailing public attitudes.

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