scholarly journals Barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of nurses regarding metabolic health screening and intervention in people with mental illness: a pilot study from Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2546-2554
Author(s):  
Davy Vancampfort ◽  
Andrew Watkins ◽  
Philip B Ward ◽  
Michel Probst ◽  
Marc De Hert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
African Countries ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background: People with mental illness are at an increased risk for developing cardio-metabolic disorders. Routine screening following pharmacotherapy is however unacceptably low in sub-Saharan African countries with less than 1% adequately screened. It is unknown whether this is due to a lack of adequate competences.Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of nurses regarding metabolic health, prevention and treatment in Uganda.Methods: Twenty-eight nurses (39% female, 30.9±6.9 years) completed the Metabolic – Barriers, Confidence, Attitudes and Knowledge Questionnaire and the physical activity prescription rate item of the Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire.Results: More than 75% had a positive attitude towards metabolic screening and intervention and more than 50% were confident in providing smoking cessation advice, and physical activity and nutritional counseling. However, 57% stated that their heavy workload prevented them from doing health screening and promotion activities. There was a negative correlation (ρ=-0.54, P=0.003) between the frequency of physical activity prescription and the perception of the inability of patients to change.Conclusion: The present findings suggest that nurses are generally supportive of metabolic health screening and intervention but their high workload prevents them from implementing metabolic health interventions.Keywords: Exercise, diet, metabolic syndrome, screening, smoking.

scholarly journals Plagues, pandemics and epidemics in Irish history prior to COVID-19 (coronavirus): what can we learn?

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Irish History ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The 19Th Century

Objectives:This paper seeks to provide a brief overview of epidemics and pandemics in Irish history and to identify any lessons that might be useful in relation to psychiatry in the context of COVID-19.Methods:A review of selected key reports, papers and publications related to epidemics and pandemics in Irish history was conducted.Results:Viruses, epidemics and pandemics are recurring features of human history. Early Irish sources record a broad array of plagues, pandemics and epidemics including bubonic plague, typhus, cholera, dysentery and smallpox, as well as an alleged epidemic of insanity in the 19th century (that never truly occurred). Like the Spanish flu pandemic (1918–20), COVID-19 (a new coronavirus) presents both the challenge of the illness itself and the problems caused by the anxiety that the virus triggers. Managing this anxiety has always been a challenge, especially with the Spanish flu. People with mental illness had particularly poor outcomes with the Spanish flu, often related to the large, unhygienic mental hospitals in which so many were housed.Conclusions:Even today, a full century after the Spanish flu pandemic, people with mental illness remain at increased risk of poor physical health, so it is imperative that multi-disciplinary care continues during the current outbreak of COVID-19, despite the manifest difficulties involved. The histories of previous epidemics and pandemics clearly demonstrate that good communication and solidarity matter, now more than ever, especially for people with mental illness.

scholarly journals Diabetic retinopathy screening in persons with mental illness: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elinor Rhian Bradley ◽  
Vijay Delaffon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy Screening ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Preventative Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Health Programmes ◽  
Retinopathy Screening

People living with severe mental illness (SMI) have an increased risk of developing diabetes and are less likely to spontaneously report physical health concerns; they may therefore derive greater benefit from attending screening to prevent diabetic retinopathy.We conducted a literature review to consider the uptake of diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS) in people with mental illness.People with a diagnosis of SMI and those with self-reported mental ill-health have reduced attendance at DRS, within the context of poorer compliance with general diabetic care. Anxiety and depression were noted as barriers in attending DRS.People living with SMI require additional support to benefit from preventative health programmes such as DRS. Further research could support a better understanding of barriers to attendance, allowing effective support systems to be developed.

Implementing evidence-based physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: an Australian perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rosenbaum ◽  
Anne Tiedemann ◽  
Robert Stanton ◽  
Alexandra Parker ◽  
Anna Waterreus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
People With Mental Illness

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in a Cohort Study of Patients With Mental Illness in Residential and Community Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Mazereel ◽  
Tom Vanbrabant ◽  
Franciska Desplenter ◽  
Johan Detraux ◽  
Livia De Picker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Patients with mental illness are at increased risk for COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. Vaccination against COVID-19 is important to prevent or mitigate these negative consequences. However, concerns have been raised over vaccination rates in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively examined vaccine uptake in a large sample of Belgian patients admitted to or residing in a university psychiatric hospital or community mental health care setting between 29th of March 2021 and 30th of September 2021 in the Flanders Region. All patients were offered vaccination. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with vaccine uptake.Results: 2,105 patients were included in the sample, of which 1,931 agreed to be vaccinated, corresponding with a total vaccination rate of 91.7%. Logistic regression showed an effect of the diagnosis “other disorders” (OR = 0.08, CI = 0.005–0.45), age (OR = 1.03, CI = 1.02–1.04) and residing in the psychosocial care center (OR = 0.50, CI = 0.32–0.80) on vaccination status.Conclusion: Vaccine uptake among people with mental illness is high and comparable to the general population, when implementing a targeted vaccination program.

scholarly journals Cues for different diagnostic patterns of interpersonal violence in a psychiatric sample: an observational study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Talevi ◽  
Alberto Collazzoni ◽  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Paolo Stratta ◽  
Monica Mazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Violent Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background. Interpersonal violence has increased as a health concern especially in the psychiatry practice over the last decades; nevertheless, most patients with stable mental illness do not present an increased risk of violence and a mental disorder is not a necessary or sufficient cause of violent behaviors. People with mental illness endorse more often a number of risk factors for violence that could confound this association, such as young age and male gender. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age, gender, and diagnosis on reported levels of interpersonal violence in a sample of people with severe mental illnesses. Methods. The sample was composed of 160 inpatients: 73 with psychosis, 53 with mood disorder and 34 with personality disorder. All patients enrolled in the study were assessed for experiences of victimization and perpetration of interpersonal violence using the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale interview. Demographic variables were also collected. Results. Violence negatively correlated with age. Compared to males, females were exposed to higher degree of violence (for both victimizations in childhood and adulthood), whereas males were more involved in the perpetration of violence (only for perpetration in childhood). Among diagnoses, personality disorders are associated with higher levels of interpersonal violence. An interaction effect of gender and diagnosis was also observed for expression of violence in adulthood. Distinct patterns of interpersonal violence did emerge for the diagnostic entities with mood disorder showing a victimization pattern, personality disorders a perpetration pattern and psychoses a less defined pattern. Conclusions. The main finding is that psychoses, mood disorders and personality disorders have different patterns of violent experiences when combined with age and gender. This study offers a step towards a better understanding of the extent to which gender and age could affect violent behaviors. Moreover, study findings may increase the comprehension of the reason why some mental disorders, compared to others, are more associated with the risk of victimization or perpetration of violence. These patterns could have pathophysiological or pathoplastic meaning addressing clinical and diagnostic trajectories interacting with other intervening risk factors.

Physical activity as an intervention in severe mental illness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aaron A. Kandola ◽  
David P. J. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Health Complications

SUMMARY Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for several physical and mental health conditions. It is well established that people with severe mental illness have increased risk of physical health complications, particularly cardiovascular disease. They are also more likely to be physically inactive, contributing to the elevated cardiovascular and metabolic risks, which are further compounded by antipsychotic medication use. Interventions involving physical activity are a relatively low risk and accessible way of reducing physical health problems and weight in people with severe mental illness. They also have wider benefits for mental health symptoms and quality of life. However, many barriers still exist to the widespread implementation of physical activity interventions in the treatment of severe mental illness. A more concerted effort is needed to facilitate their translation into routine practice and to increase adherence to activity interventions.

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