scholarly journals Pediatric self-medication use in Rwanda – a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 2032-43
Author(s):  
Joyeuse Ukwishaka ◽  
Christian Umuhoza ◽  
Peter Cartledge ◽  
Natalie McCall
Keyword(s):  
Medication Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Nonprescription Drugs ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Modern Self ◽  
Demographic Background

Background: Self-medication, a worldwide practice, has both benefits and risks. Many countries have regulated non-pre- scription medications available for use in self-medication. However, in countries such as Rwanda, where prescriptions are not required to purchase medications, prescription, non-prescription and traditional medications have been used for self-medi- cation. Objectives: To determine the reported self-medication use in Rwanda and to determine attitudes and reasons associated with parental decisions to self-medicate their children. Methods: A cross-sectional multi-center questionnaire based quantitative study of 154 parents/caregivers of children under ten years undertaken in private and public health facilities. Results: The use of self-medication was reported to be 77.9%. Among these parents/caregivers, 50.8% used modern self-medication only, 15.8% used traditional self-medication only and 33.3% used both types of self-medication. Paraceta- mol was the most commonly used drug in modern self-medication; the traditional drugs used were Rwandan local herbs. Parents/caregivers who used modern medicines had slightly more confidence in self-medication than self-medication users of traditional medicines (p=0.005). Parents/caregivers who used modern self-medication reported barriers to consultation as a reason to self-medicate more frequently than those who used traditional drugs. Having more than one child below 10 years of-age was the only socio-demographic factor associated with having used self-medication (AOR=4.74, CI: 1.94- 11.58, p=0.001). Being above 30 years (AOR= 5.78, CI: 1.25-26.68, p=0.025) and living in Kigali (AOR=8.2, CI: 1.58-43.12, p=.0.012) were factors associated with preference of modern self- medication compared to traditional self-medication. Conclusion: Self-medication is common in Rwanda. Parents/caregivers are involved in this practice regardless of their socio-demographic background. Keywords: Self-medication; medicines; parents; caregivers; children; Nonprescription Drugs; Rwanda.

scholarly journals Self-Medication Practices among Community of Harar City and Its Surroundings, Eastern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mamo ◽  
Yohanes Ayele ◽  
Mesay Dechasa
Keyword(s):  
Medication Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Source Of Information

Purpose. Self-medication practice is often associated with irrational medication use. The aim of this study was to assess self-medication practices among community of Harar City and its surroundings, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted through exit interview in selected drug outlets of Harar City among 370 clients from March to April, 2017. The data was coded and entered into epi-data and processed and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results. Many participants practiced self-medication to alleviate their headache (30.30%), to treat their respiratory disorders (29.50%), and to treat their gastrointestinal disorders (27%). More than half (57.8%) of study participants declared that they were practicing self-medication due to prior experience and seeking less expensive service (20.50%). Two-fifths of them (40.3%) reported pharmacy professionals as source of information while 18.9% of respondents were advised by neighbors, friends, or relatives. About one-third (31.9%) of them did not have any source of information for self-medication practice. The most common type of drug used for self-medication by the participants was analgesic (42.2%). Approximately one-third (31.1%) of the subjects were expecting to be counseled by the pharmacy professionals about the drug side effects and to be helped in selecting their self-medication drug (30.3%). Conclusion. Varieties of medications were used among study participants ranging from antipain to that of antibiotics for different complaints including headache, respiratory complaints, and gastrointestinal problems. Experience with drugs and diseases as well as affordability were frequently reported reasons for self-medication practice. Participants had different views toward the role of pharmacy professionals. Hence, it is very important to educate patients on responsible use of medications and create awareness on the role of pharmacist in self-selected medication use in community.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on the prevalence of self-medication in a Chennai based population, Tamil Nadu, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinithra Varadarajan ◽  
Christina Mary P. Paul ◽  
Swapna S. ◽  
Preethi S. ◽  
Keerthana Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Background Information ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Self -medication is a major public health problem in India because of the easy availability of drugs even without prescription to the lay population. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of self-medication use among the common population in the last three months and to identify certain suspected risk factors that might be associated with it.Methods:An analytical cross- sectional study was conducted on 180 participants chosen by simple random sampling from the rural and urban field practice areas of A. C. S. Medical College in Thiruvallur district. Data was collected through a questionnaire collecting background information of the person like age, address, income, to a series of questions on self-medication and alternative medicines. Data entry was done in SPSS and p values were based on chi- square values.Results: The overall prevalence of self-medication use in the last three months was found to be 51.7% with a 95% CI of 44.7-59. Self-medication use was 2.07 times more common among subjects aged above 35 years of age and this association was statistically significant (P Value = 0.016).  The commonest reason quoted for the practice of self – medication was financial constraints (40.80%) and the commonest ailment for which self- medication was practiced was quoted as common cold (73.02%).Conclusions:Study revealed a very high prevalence of self-medication emphasizing on the need for creating awareness on the ill-effects of the same. 

scholarly journals Data on self-medication among healthcare students at Najran University, KSA

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
Siraj DAA Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

The prevalence of self-medication (SM) has increased in health professionals due to awareness of disease and symptoms. Incorrect use of medication caused harmful effects. To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of health professionals, this survey was conducted. A cross-sectional study was carried out among health professionals of different specialities. Knowledge, attitude and practice-based questions were asked through an electronically distributed questionnaire. Data were statistically tested using the Chi-square test with SPSS. Most of the health professionals were aware with the term of self-medication; however the knowledge about related questions was not satisfactory. Almost half of the participants practiced self-medication. The prevalence of self-medication among participants was high. They need to be trained and educate about the incorrect use of self-medication.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviours Regarding Medication Use among Older People Suffering from Chronic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Ozkan ◽  
Feride Taskin Yilmaz ◽  
Azime Karakoc Kumsar ◽  
Kamile Uyar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Disease Information

Introduction: Physiological changes occurring with aging increase prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly individuals. This situation brings about difficulties in medication use in elderly individuals. This study was conducted to determine knowledge, attitude and behaviours regarding medication use in elderly with chronic diseases. Methods: Participants of this descriptive and cross-sectional study were 124 elderly individuals who were more than 65 years old, applied to Family Health Center in Yalova, Turkey between the dates of January- June 2018. Data were collected with data collection form including individual and disease information, medication use and knowledge, attitude and behaviours regarding medication use. Results: Almost half of the elderly individuals (44.4%) expressed that they used medicine three times a day and 40.3% of them expressed that they used medicine six times and more a day. When the information about medication use of elderly individuals is evaluated, 75% of them stated that they did not receive any information on drug use and 82.3% of them did not know the side effects of drugs. When the attitudes of the individuals were evaluated, it was found that 6.5% of them liked to use medication, 67.7% of them had no dose, and 46% of them had stopped using medication without asking the physician. When the behaviors of elderly individuals were evaluated, 19.4% of them didn’t use their medicines regularly, 46% of them discontinued their medication without asking their doctors, 82.3% of them didn’t know side effect of the medicines, 81.5% of them used medicines without doctor’s advice, 79.8% of them didn’t read medicine usage instructions before using medicines, 12.9% of them kept their medicines in their bags and 55.6% of them kept them in a cabinet. Conclusion: Significant problems such as lack of information about drug use in elderly individuals and self-medication use have been identified.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants of unmet need for outpatient healthcare services in Iran: a national cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Vahedi ◽  
Amin Torabipour ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Saeed Mohammadpur ◽  
Alireza Olyaeemanesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
Utilization Of Healthcare

Abstract Background Unmet need is a critical indicator of access to healthcare services. Despite concrete evidence about unmet need in Iran’s health system, no recent evidence of this negative outcome is available. This study aimed to measure the subjective unmet need (SUN), the factors associated with it and various reasons behind it in Iran. Methods We used the data of 13,005 respondents over the age of 15 from the Iranian Utilization of Healthcare Services Survey in 2016. SUN was defined as citizens whose needs were not sought through formal healthcare services, while they did not show a history of self-medication. The reasons for SUN were categorized into availability, accessibility, responsibility and acceptability of the health system. The multivariable logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of SUN and associated major reasons. Results About 17% of the respondents (N = 2217) had unmet need for outpatient services. Nearly 40% of the respondents chose only accessibility, 4% selected only availability, 78% chose only responsibility, and 13% selected only acceptability as the main reasons for their unmet need. Higher outpatient needs was the only factor that significantly increased SUN, responsibility-related SUN and acceptability-related SUN. Low education was associated with higher SUN and responsibility-related SUN, while it could also reduce acceptability-related SUN. While SUN and responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among lower economic quintiles, having a complementary insurance was associated with decreased SUN and responsibility-related SUN. The people with basic insurance had lower chances to face with responsibility-related SUN, while employed individuals were at risk to experience SUN. Although the middle-aged group had higher odds to experience SUN, the responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among elderly, while higher age groups had significant chance to be exposed to acceptability-related SUN. Conclusion It seems that Iran is still suffering from unmet need for outpatient services, most of which emerges from its health system performance. The majority of the unmet health needs could be addressed through improving financial as well as organizational policies. Special attention is needed to address the unmet need among individuals with poor health status.

scholarly journals Medication Errors in Adolescents Using Asthma Controller Medications

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2098134
Author(s):  
Henry Clark ◽  
Delesha Carpenter ◽  
Kathleen Walsh ◽  
Scott A. Davis ◽  
Nacire Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asthma Medication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Controller Medication ◽  
Controller Medications

The purpose of this study was to describe the number and types of errors that adolescents and caregivers report making when using asthma controller medications. A total of 319 adolescents ages 11 to 17 with persistent asthma and their caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Adolescent and caregiver reports of asthma medication use were compared to the prescribed directions in the medical record. An error was defined as discrepancies between reported use and the prescribed directions. About 38% of adolescents reported 1 error in using asthma controller medications, 16% reported 2 errors, and 5% reported 3 or more errors. About 42% of caregivers reported 1 error in adolescents using asthma controller medications, 14% reported 2 errors, while 6% reported 3 or more errors. The type of error most frequently reported by both was not taking the medication at all. Providers should ask open-ended questions of adolescents with asthma during visits so they can detect and educate families on how to overcome errors in taking controller medication use.

scholarly journals The causes of infertility in women presenting to gynaecology clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe; a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mugove G. Madziyire ◽  
Thulani L. Magwali ◽  
Vasco Chikwasha ◽  
Tinovimba Mhlanga
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Assisted Reproduction Techniques ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Tubal Blockage ◽  
Private And Public

Abstract Background Infertility affects 48.5 million couples globally. It is defined clinically as failure to conceive after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The contribution of various aetiological factors to infertility differs per population. The causes of infertility have not been assessed in Zimbabwe. Our objectives were to determine the reproductive characteristics, causes and outcomes of women presenting for infertility care. Methods A retrospective and prospective study of women who had not conceived within a year of having unprotected intercourse presenting in private and public facilities in Harare was done. A diagnosis was made based on the history, examination and results whenever these were deemed sufficient. Data was analysed using STATA SE/15. A total of 216 women were recruited. Results Of the 216 women recruited, two thirds (144) of them had primary infertility. The overall period of infertility ranged from 1 to 21 years with an average of 5.6 ± 4.7 years whilst 98 (45.4%) of the couples had experienced 2–4 years of infertility and 94 (43.5%) had experience 5 or more years of infertility. About 1 in 5 of the women had irregular menstrual cycles with 10 of them having experienced amenorrhoea of at least 1 year. Almost half of the participants (49%) were overweight or obese. The most common cause for infertility was ‘unexplained’ in 22% of the women followed by tubal blockage in 20%, male factor in 19% and anovulation in 16%. Of the 49 (22.7%) women who conceived 21(9.7%) had a live birth while 23 (10.7%) had an ongoing pregnancy at the end of follow up. Thirty-seven (17.1%) had Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) in the form of Invitro-fertilisation/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (IVF/ICSI) or Intra-Uterine Insemination (IUI). Assisted Reproduction was significantly associated with conception. Conclusion Most women present when chances of natural spontaneous conception are considerably reduced. This study shows an almost equal contribution between tubal blockage, male factor and unexplained infertility. Almost half of the causes are female factors constituted by tubal blockage, anovulation and a mixture of the two. Improved access to ART will result in improved pregnancy rates. Programs should target comprehensive assessment of both partners and offer ART.

scholarly journals Factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212097800
Author(s):  
Damtew Asrat ◽  
Atsede Alle ◽  
Bekalu Kebede ◽  
Bekalu Dessie
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Over the last 100 years, the development and mass production of chemically synthesized drugs have revolutionized health care in most parts of the world. However, large sections of the population in developing countries still depend on traditional medicines for their primary health care needs. More than 88% of Ethiopian parents use different forms of traditional medicine for their children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2019 in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Data collection tool was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Odds ratio and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to measure the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: Among 858 participants, 71% of parents had used traditional medicine for their children within the last 12 months. Parents who cannot read and write (adjusted odds ratio = 6.42, 95% confidence interval = 2.1–19.7), parents with low monthly income (adjusted odds ratio = 4.38, 95% confidence interval = 1.58–12.1), and those who had accesses to traditional medicine (adjusted odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–3.98) were more likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Urban residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.11–0.38) and members of community-based health insurance (adjusted odds ratio = 0.421, 95% confidence interval = 0.211–0.84) were less likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Conclusions: Our study revealed that the prevalence of traditional medicine remains high. Educational status, monthly income, residence, accessibility to traditional medicine, and being a member of community-based health insurance were predictors of potential traditional medicine use. Therefore, the integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine should be strengthened. Community education and further study on efficacy and safety of traditional medicines should be also given great attention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document