scholarly journals Bio-enhanced removal of hydrocarbon contents from spent engine oil contaminated soil using Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus co-culture

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-90
Author(s):  
A.O. Adeleye ◽  
M.B. Yerima ◽  
M.E. Nkereuwem ◽  
V.O. Onokebhagbe ◽  
I.S. Sadiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
Contamination Levels

The study assessed the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from spent engine oil (SEO) contaminated soil through bioenhancement of bacteria isolated from SEO polluted soil. Sterilized soil was subjected to a three level of SEO contamination before the addition of sterilized biostimulants including powdered cow dung (CD), powdered cocoa pod husk (CPH) and compost (made from fresh CPH and CD). Bacterial inoculum being Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus co-culture (150 mL) was added to the mixture in polyethylene bags. It was a factorial experiment that was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). The TPH and PAHs were estimated in the first day, fifth week and the tenth week that the room incubation lasted. Results generated from the influence of biostimulants on TPH and PAHs degradation potential of the bacterial co-culture showed that degradation of the hydrocarbon contents was significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). At the tenth week, compost enhanced the most TPH reductions (315 and 380 mg kg–1) compared with other biostimulants on 5% and 15% SEO contamination levels, respectively. Compost equally enhanced the most PAHs reductions (48.8, 39.6 and 94.6 mg kg–1) compared with other biostimulants on 5%, 10% and 15% SEO contamination levels respectively. However, the quantity of SEO contents degraded was significantly higher in the bioaugmented and biostimulated soil samples compared with the control employed. The technology adopted in this study can be effectively employed for the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon related pollution.

Effect of organic amendments on the decontamination potential of heavy metals by Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in soil contaminated with spent engine oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-484
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Adeleye ◽  
Mohammed B. Yerima ◽  
Michael E. Nkereuwem ◽  
Victor O. Onokebhagbe ◽  
Peter G. Shiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

scholarly journals BIO STIMULATORY INFLUENCE OF COMPOST AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER ON BACTERIAL DEGRADATION OF SPENT ENGINE OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
A. Adeleye ◽  
Victor O. Onokebhagbe ◽  
A. Akindiya ◽  
M. E. Nkereuwem
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Incubation Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

The harmful effects of spent engine oil on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems have been well established in literature. This study was conducted to assess the bio stimulatory influence of amendments; compost and inorganic fertilizer on bacterial degradation of spent engine oil contaminated soil.  500 g of unpolluted soil was collected and artificially contaminated with 5, 10 and 15% (v/w) spent engine oil. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. Each amendment (50 g) was subsequently mixed thoroughly with the spent engine oil contaminated soil at varying levels except nine experimental bottles used as control. Incubation study was carried out and lasted for four weeks. Estimation of total petroleum hydrocarbon, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature and bacterial population density was done within two weeks interval during the incubation study. Results obtained indicate that compost significantly enhanced total petroleum hydrocarbon reduction by 87% while inorganic fertilizer facilitated 62% total petroleum hydrocarbon reduction on 5% spent engine oil contamination level respectively. Estimation of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria on 5, 10 and 15% spent engine oil contaminated soil indicated that compost enhanced higher hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria thereby influencing bacterial degradation than those stimulated with inorganic fertilizer. pH remained in the range of alkalinity (7.8 and 8.06) for compost and 6.2 and 6.7 for inorganic fertilizer. The potential that compost recorded in influencing bacterial degradation of spent engine oil contaminated soil in this study has made it a good bio stimulant for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted environments.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Spent Engine Oil using Pig Dung

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
A. A. Ibiene ◽  
O. Aleruchi ◽  
L.C. Nnodim ◽  
R. U. Ihunwo
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

Studies were carried out to investigate the bioremediation potential of pig dung in a soil contaminated with spent engine oil. Soil samples were obtained from the Ofrima complex, University of Port Harcourt. The soil samples were contaminated with various concentrations (50 ml and 100 ml) of spent engine oil and allowed for 21 days for proper exposure, mimicking natural spill. This was followed by the addition of the pig dung. The experimental setup was labeled sample A (1 kg soil + 100 g pig dung + 50 ml spent engine oil) and sample B (1 kg soil + 100 g pig dung + 100 ml spent engine oil). The physicochemical parameters and the microbiological analysis were done using standard methods. The total petroleum hydrocarbon was analyzed using gas chromatographic methods. Analyses were carried out at 14 days intervals for 28 days. The physicochemical parameter results showed a reduction in pH values in the contaminated soil samples, ranging from 6.21 - 6.65 in sample A and 6.57 - 6.87 in sample B. Temperature values were constant at 230C from day 1 to day 14 in sample A and increased at day 28 to 24 0C, also for sample B, the temperature was constant at 230C from day 1 to day14 and increased at day 28 to 26 0C. The amount of heavy metal (Lead) content decreased from 4.3645 - 1.93676 (mg/kg) and 6.18361 - 3.89654 (mg/kg) for samples A and B, respectively. There was also a significant reduction in the amount of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon, from 16631.86 - 3280.83 mg/kg for sample A and 18464.73 - 6784.60 mg/kg for sample B. The THB counts for samples A and B ranged from 7.73 - 7.91 and 7.05-8.20 (Log cfu/g), respectively. The fungal counts ranged from 3.99–4.58 and 5.12 - 7.93 (Log cfu/g) for samples A and B respectively. HUB counts ranged from 4.52–5.09 and 4.93- 5.55 (Log cfu/g) for samples A and B, respectively. The HUF counts ranged from 4.12 - 5.49 and 4.13 - 4.70 (Log cfu/g) for samples A and B, respectively. The results clearly showed that microorganisms capable of utilizing total petroleum hydrocarbon were present, also the pig dung showed both bio-stimulation and bio-augmentation tendency to attract high microbial load which supported the bioremediation of the spent engine oil contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Spent Oil and Palm Kernel Sludge Contaminated Soil Using Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) L

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-885
Author(s):  
A.J. Odebode ◽  
K.L. Njoku ◽  
A.A. Adesuyi ◽  
M.O. Akinola
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
And Control

This study was carried out to investigate the phytotoxicity of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge on seed germination, seedling early growth and survival of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) and its phytoremediating potential. 8.0 kg topsoil mixed with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% (w/v) of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge, while the control was not mixed with spent oil and sludge (0%). The seeds were sown on these soils and monitored daily. Parameters taken were; plant height, leaf number and stem girth. The result showed that spent engine oil treated plants adversely affected growth compared to palm kernel sludge plants and control which performed better. For plant height, the mean stem girth for control at 2nd week was 0.40±0.05 mm, spent engine oil was 5.96±0.97 palm kernel oil effluent was 14.73±1.16 and at 12th week, control was 1.30±0.05 while for SEO the plant had withered and 124.6±9.02 for POE. Number of leaves at the 12th week was 26.00±2.08 in the control, 8.66±0.66, for spent engine oil at 4%, while for palm oil effluent it was 27.66±0.66, at 4%, concentration respectively. Stem girth at 2 weeks for spent engine oil was 0.19±0.05 at 2%, 0.43±0.03 for palm kernel oil effluent and at the 12th week of planting at 10% concentration was 1.63±0.08 for palm kernel oil effluent, and all plants had withered off for spent engine oil at same concentration at the 12th week. Also, spent engine oil at all concentrations delayed the germination of Helianthus annuus by 2days compared to control. Comparison analysis test showed that growth in untreated plants were significantly higher (p>0.05) than spent oil and palm kernel sludge treated plants. Similar result was observed for leaf number and stem girth which had higher mean value in palm kernel sludge and control compared to spent oil. Sunflower grown in 8% and 10% palm kernel sludge contaminated soil also flowered eight days earlier than control plants, while spent oil treated plant did not. The result shows that sunflower cannot tolerate high (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) concentrations of spent engine oil in soil compared to palm oil effluent. Therefore, spent engine oil should be properly disposed because of its adverse effect on the growth and yield of sunflower.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil: Assessment of Compost Manure and Organic Soap

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Uguru ◽  
Akpokodje, O. I.
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Compost Manure

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of compost manure and organic soap on hydrocarbon degradation in petroleum products contaminated soil. 10 kg of top soil collected at a depth of 0-20 cm, air dried and sieved, were poured into plastic containers. The soil samples were was pounded with 1 L of spent engine oil, 1 L of kerosene, 1 L of petrol and 1 L of diesel daily for five days. The containers were placed under natural environmental conditions for three weeks to enable full acclimatization of the petroleum products with the soil. A completely randomized design comprising T1 (Polluted soil without treatment ‘control’); T2 (10 kg contaminated soil + 500 g organic soap); T3 (10 kg contaminated soil + 500 g compost manure); and T4 (10 kg contaminated soil + 500 g compost manure + 500 g organic soap) was used for this study. Some physical characteristics (soil porosity and specific gravity) and Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) of the soil samples were tested for, after the full acclimatization of the soil samples, and at the end of the 10 week experimental period, in accordance with standard methods. Results of the study showed that addition of the compost manure and organic soap the contaminated soil samples significantly (p ≤0.05) degraded the THC, and improved the soil physical characteristics. The result showed that the combination of compost manure and organic soap gave the best remediation result (from 957.21 mg/kg to 154.36 mg/kg), followed by organic soap (from 957.21mg/kg to 203.61 mg/kg), and then compost manure (from 957.21 mg/kg to 262.03 mg/kg). At the end of the experimental period, vegetative growth was observed in the treated soil samples; whereas,  in the control soil samples vegetative growth was absent. Results obtained from this study have shown that amending petroleum products contaminated soils with compost manure and organic soap will enhance remediation of petroleum products contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Bioremediation Potentials of Spent Engine Oil Degrading Fungi from Contaminated Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
D.A. Duniya ◽  
D.B. Maikaje ◽  
Y.A. Umar ◽  
Daniel Abba ◽  
P. Omokunmi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

scholarly journals EXPOSURE OF COWPEA (vigna unguiculata (l) walp) TO SPENT ENGINE OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON CONSUMER’S HEALTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
T. B. Bello ◽  
O. M. Bolaji ◽  
F. A. Fakunle
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
The Impact

Spent Engine oil (SEO) is a common environmental pollutant generated after engine services. Disposing SEO is a serious environmental issue in Nigeria as generators end up disposing it in water drain systems, rivers, open vacant plots and agricultural lands. Thus, the need to assess the impact of such disposal on environmental components becomes imperative.  Using a completely randomized design, a control and seven treatments of SEO (T0: 0 ml, T1: 5 ml, T2: 10 ml, T3: 15 ml, T4: 20 ml, T5: 25 ml, T6: 50 ml, T7: 75 ml) were applied to potted soil for cowpea planting. Plant height, leave number, yield, heavy metal load and hazard quotient were assessed. Baseline heavy metal analysis showed the SEO contained lead and cadmium at 0.003 mg/kg and 0.462 mg/kg respectively. There was significant reduction in plant height (T0: 50.72 cm, T3: 37.36 cm, T7:  24.33 cm), number of leaves (T0: 25.91, T3: 21.57, T7: 17.67), seed weight (T0: 24.40 g, T3: 16.38 g, T7: 5.03 g) and plant weight (T0: 171.60 g, T3: 136.60 g, T7: 54.70 g) in contaminated soil with increasing SEO concentration (P<0.05). Cowpea grown on contaminated soil accumulated cadmium in seeds (T0: 0.000 mg/kg, T3: 0.057 mg/kg, T7 0.119 mg/kg) and in roots (T0: 0.000 mg/kg, T3: 0.079 mg/kg, T7: 0.263 mg/kg) with hazard quotient ranging from 0.084 to 0.216. This study revealed that increasing environmental pollution through indiscriminate SEO increases the possibility of health risk by elevating hazard quotient and this should therefore be discouraged.

scholarly journals Microbial Treatment of Soil Contaminated with Spent engine Oil / Biotreatment of Soil Contaminated with Spent Engine by Microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ayandele
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
Test Organisms

AbstractThe potential of six microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp, Flavobacterium sp, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium sp and Fusarium sp) isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated site were evaluated for their biodegradation ability. The soil samples were contaminated with 5% (w/v) of spent engine oil and the rate of biodegradation of the oil was studied for a period of 10weeks under greenhouse experiment. The total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC), total hydrocarbon degrading bacteria count (THDBC), physicochemical and heavy metals properties of the soil samples and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) were determined after treatment with test organisms. THBC and THDBC ranged from 0.175 to 0.280 CFUg-1 and 0.47 CFUg-1 respectively for the control plot, while THBC is ranging from 0.197 to 0.275 CFUg-1 and THDBC was 0.180 to 0. 473 CFUg-1 for the contaminated plot. There was a slight increase in the pH value of the contaminated soil sample and the treated soil samples as the experimental weeks increased. The results obtained showed a significant decrease (at p ≤ 0.05) in the nutrients content of the soil samples. There was an increase from 1.09 in the control to 15.5% in the content of organic matter after contamination and from 1.88% to 26.8% in the % of organic matter too. There was a significant reduction (at p ≤ 0.05) in the concentration of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr and Ni after 10 weeks of incubation with the tested organisms. Plant growth in the treated contaminated soil samples ranged from 32.6cm to 38.6cm, while that of the control 1 (Uncontaminated soil) was 51.2cm and 19.7cm high was observed in the Control 2 (contaminated untreated soil) after 22 days of the experiment. The TPH degradation (% loss) ranged from 79.7 to 89. 2% after 10 weeks of treatment. P. aeruginosa had the highest level of degradation (89.2%), while Micrococcus sp and Rhizopus sp had the least degradation at 79.9%.All the microorganisms used in this study had the abilities to remediating soil contaminated with spent engine oil and the remediated soil samples were able to support the growth of Zea mays at 5% (w/v) level of contamination.

Gravimetric Profile of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacterial and Fungal Isolates from Contaminated Soil Samples in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka O. Idris ◽  
◽  
Olayinka T. Ogunmefun ◽  
Cinderella N. Tuesimi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

One of the biological compounds limiting soil water retention capacity is oil when present due to its hydro-nature. However, some microorganisms exhibit the capacity to degrade oil as a source of carbon, whereby the soil quality is retained and enhanced. Hence, the gravimetric profile of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and fungi isolated from oil contaminated soil samples was investigated. Soil samples were collected from surface and 10m depth from six different mechanic workshops and generator sites. The pour plate technique was used to isolate the microorganisms. All pure isolates were sub-cultured using Bushnell Haas agar and the isolated bacteria were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. The soil samples pH range was 4.3 - 6.4. Bacteria isolated included Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Microccocus spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Bacillus spp. The fungi isolated included Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp., Candida spp., Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp. Degradation of kerosene, diesel, crude oil, engine oil, and spent engine oil was allowed using Acinetobacter baumanni, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, and S. aureus. Gravimetric analyses were used to determine the percentage of petroleum hydrocarbon degraded by bacterial isolates. The highest percentage of degradation was between P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded 97.4% diesel, 88.2% kerosene, 71.3% crude oil, 80.7% engine oil and 78.2% spent engine oil; while Bacillus subtilis degraded 71% diesel, 97% kerosene, 89.6% crude oil, 87% engine oil and 72.6% spent engine oil. This study revealed that bacterial and fungal isolates from oil contaminated soils exhibited the potentials to degrade oil and bioremediation using these microorganisms was possible.

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