Biochemical Changes and Liver Tissue Pathology in Weanling Wistar Albino Rats with Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM).

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maisie Ftukudo ◽  
Oluyemi Agbedama ◽  
Effiong Akang ◽  
Bbola Osifo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Protective effects of erdosteine on rotenone-induced oxidant injury in liver tissue

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6-10) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpaslan Terzi ◽  
Mustafa Iraz ◽  
Semsettin Sahin ◽  
Atilla Ilhan ◽  
Nuri Idiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidant Injury ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Rotenone, an insecticide of botanical origin, causes toxicity through inhibition of complex I of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. This study was undertaken to determine whether rotenone-induced liver oxidant injury is prevented by erdosteine, a mucolytic agent showing antioxidant properties. There were four groups of Male Wistar Albino rats: group one was untreated as control; the other groups were treated with erdosteine (50 mg/kg per day, orally), rotenone (2.5 mg/mL once and 1 mL/kg per day for 60 days, i.p.) or rotenone plus erdosteine, respectively. Rotenone treatment without erdosteine increased xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme activity and also increased lipid peroxidation in liver tissue P < 0.05). The rats treated with rotenone plus erdosteine produced a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and XO activities in comparison with rotenone group PB / 0.05). Erdosteine treatment with rotenone led to an increase in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in comparison with the rotenone group PB / 0.05). There was no significant difference in nitric oxide (NO) level between groups. There were negative correlations between CAT activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level (r= -0.934, P <0.05) with between CAT and SOD activities (r= -0.714, P <0.05), and a positive correlation between SOD activity and MDA level (r= 0.828, P <0.05) in rotenone group. In the rotenone plus erdosteine group, there was a negative correlation between XO activity and NO level in liver tissue (r= -0.833, P -0.05). In the light of these findings, erdosteine may be a protective agent for rotenone-induced liver oxidative injury in rats.

Effect of formaldehyde inhalation on rat livers: A light and electron microscopic study

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selman Cikmaz ◽  
Tunc Kutoglu ◽  
Mehmet Kanter ◽  
Recep Mesut
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Individual

It is well known that formaldehyde (FA) is cytotoxic and potentially carcinogenic. Although the individual effects of this reactant on cells has been investigated, the cytotoxicity exerted by the coexistence of FA is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FA on the liver in rats, by light and electron microscopic level. We used 18 Wistar albino rats divided into three groups, exposed to 0 (control), 19.7 ppm FA gas for a total of 4 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days a week (subacute) and 20.3 parts per million (ppm) FA gas for a total of 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days a week (subchronic). After the completion of the exposure period, they were sacrificed by decapitation and their liver tissue samples were taken in order to be processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Light microscopic evaluation of liver tissue samples of FA-exposed rats revealed enlarged sinusoids filled with blood and mononuclear cell infiltration in the portal areas and around the central veins. In addition, some of the hepatocytes showed loss of cytoplasm, and some had a hyperchromatic nucleus. The cells of FA-exposed livers, on the other hand, showed an electron-lucent ground-cytoplasm and a hypertrophy of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. In conclusion, we observed that exposure FA caused diverse histopathological changes indicating the destruction in the liver tissue and this destruction has direct relationship with the length of the exposure period.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Nutritional Properties of Popcorn-Based Complementary Foods Supplemented With Moringa oleifera Leaves Flour

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijarotimi Oluwole Steve ◽  
Oluwalana Isaac Babatunde
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Common

<p>Cereal gruel is the common complementary foods in developing countries, and it is usually low in energy and protein; hence, responsible for increase in protein-energy malnutrition among underprivileged weaning aged children. Several locally available food materials have been tested in combination for infant food formulations however; popcorn and <em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaves combination have not been used. After blanching and fermentation processing, popcorn and moringa leaves were milled into flour and blended to obtain, blanched popcorn-moringa leaves (BPM) (65% popcorn and 35% moringa leaves flour) and fermented popcorn-moringa leaves (FPM) (65% popcorn and 35% moringa leaves flour). Products were analyzed for chemical composition, functional properties and bioassay using standard methods. Protein content of FPM (21.27 ± 0.20 g/100 g) and BPM (15.99 ± 0.14 g/100 g) were higher than <em>Cerelac</em> (15.75 ± 0.01 g/100 g) and ‘Ogi’ (6.52 ± 0.31 g/100 g); while energy values of FPM (393.94 ± 0.39 kcal) and BPM (389.69 ± 1.40 Kcal) were lower than ‘Ogi’ (418.08 ± 0.47 kcal) and <em>Cerelac</em> (431.58 ± 0.01 kcal). Mineral contents of BPM were higher in zinc, iron, potassium, sodium and phosphorous, while FPM sample was higher in copper, calcium and magnesium, and were lower than <em>Cerelac</em>. Oxalate, phytate and trypsin inhibitor in FPM were lower than BPM. Biological value and protein efficiency ratio of FPM were higher than BPM and ‘Ogi’, but lower than <em>Cerelac</em>. The albino rats fed with the FPM had higher growth rate when compared with those rats fed with BPM sample and ‘Ogi’, but lower than those fed with <em>Cerelac</em>. Nutrient composition and nutritional profile of popcorn-moringa leaves based complementary foods could be used as substitutes for local complementary foods, which are low in protein and energy.</p>

scholarly journals Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Florida) Against Paracetamol Induced Liver Damage in Wistar Albino Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afroza Khanam Sumy ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pleurotus Florida ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Background: Liver damage can be occurred due to prolonged use of higher doses of some drugs, exposure to some chemicals or infectious agents. But liver protective drugs are not available in modern medicine. Some hepatoprotective herbal medicines are often used in the treatment of liver damage. Objective: This experimental study was carried out to observe the hepatoprotective effect of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) against paracetamol induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. Method: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2010. A total number of 34 Wistar albino rats, age ranged from 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 210 grams were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into two groups, control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B- mushroom pretreated and paracetamol treated group). Control group again subdivided into group A1 (baseline control) and group A2 (paracetamol treated control group). All groups of animals received basal diet for 30 consecutive days. Group A1 consisted of 10 rats, received propylene glycol (2 ml/kg bw, orally) only on 30th day. Group A2 consisted of 14 rats, received single dose of paracetamol suspension (750 mg/ kg bw, orally) only on 30th day. Group B consisted of 10 rats, received mushroom extract (200 mg/ kg bw, orally) for 30 consecutive days and paracetamol suspension (750 mg/ kg bw, orally) only on 30th day. All the animals were sacrificed on 31st day. Then blood and liver samples were collected. Initial body weight, final body weight and liver weight were measured. Then measurement of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum and assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in liver tissue homogenate were done by using standard laboratory kits. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Result: The mean serum AST, ALT levels and in the liver tissue MDA concentration were significantly (p<0.001) higher in paracetamol treated group in comparison to those of baseline control group. Again, the mean serum AST (p<0.05), ALT (p<0.05) levels and in the liver tissue homogenate MDA concentration (p<0.001) were significantly lower in mushroom pretreated and paracetamol treated group (experimental group) when compared to those of only paracetamol treated group (control). Conclusion: This study reveals that Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) which is excellently edible and nutritious, may have some hepatoprotective role. Key words: hepatoprotective; oyster mushroom; malondialdehyde; tissue homogenate DOI: 10.3329/jbsp.v5i2.6776J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2010 December; 5(2): 46-52

scholarly journals Rat Bioassay for Evaluation of Protein Quality of Soy-Fortified Complementary Foods

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah H. Kamau ◽  
Charlotte A. Serrem ◽  
Florence W. Wamunga
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Protein Free Diet

Compositing complementary flours with legumes of high protein quality such as soy can be effective in abating Protein Energy Malnutrition. Soy-fortified complementary flours were developed using locally available foods from Western Kenya and used to determine the fortification effect on protein nutritional quality, growth, and rehabilitation. Ten isonitrogenous diets containing 10% protein and one containing 20% protein were formulated from six foods; maize, pearl millet, finger millet, sorghum, cassava, and banana at ratios of 70:30 flour and soy with milk powder as control and fed to weanling male albino rats. Another group was fed on a protein free diet. Banana: Soy diet had significantly superior protein nutritional quality while Maize: soy had 70% Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score. True Protein Digestibility of the fortified diets lay within the acceptable margin for cereal: bean mixtures. Fortification with soy improved protein quality indices of flours in rats, and by extrapolation could support growth of young children if used as complementary foods. 

Analysis of fine structure and biochemical changes of retina during aging of Wistar albino rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan IH El-Sayyad ◽  
Soad A Khalifa ◽  
Fawkia I El-Sayyad ◽  
Shaker A Mousa ◽  
Ezaldin AM Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document