scholarly journals Age differentials in calibrated items of WAEC English Language Objective test taken by students in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Isaac Ofem Ubi ◽  
Esther Chinenye Udemba
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
West African ◽  
Objective Test ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of age differentials on item difficulty and discrimination indices of West African School Certificate (WAEC) English Language Objective test for May/June 2014 taken by students in Nigeria. The study area was the southern Education Zone of Cross River State. The design used for the study was ex-post facto, justified by the fact that the variable of the study had occurred before being studied and that no manipulation of subjects of study was involved. The 2014 May/June English objective test items were used as they were. The instrument (made up of all the fifty items of the test) was administered to a sample of 100 students selected through accidental sampling procedure. Results of the study indicate that item response to the test depended, among other things, on the age brackets of the students. The older students seem to respond more correctly to items than their younger counterparts. The study recommends more proactive steps in admission of age compliant candidates for terminal examinations in Secondary Schools.

School Plant Security Management and Students’ Academic Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Akwa Ibom State.

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Nwosu-Kanu, D. ◽  
Oleford Ngozika A. ◽  
Ekanem E.E. ◽  
Akpanudo E.M.
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Multistage Sampling

The study examined school plant security management and students‟ academic achievement in public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom State. Two research questions were raised and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The design of the study was ex-post facto. The study population consisted of 48, 840 SSII students and 6755 teachers in 235 public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom State. The sample comprised 977 SSII students and 811 teachers in 118 Secondary Schoolswhich were sampled, using multistage sampling procedure. Two instruments were used for data collection. They are researcher developed checklist and questionnaire respectively titled “School Plant Security Availability Checklist (SPSAC) and School Plant Security Utilization Questionnaire (SPSUQ)”. SPSUQ was responded to by both the teachers and students. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was determined using the Cronbach Alpha statistic. The Reliability index of 0.82 was obtained. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. The findings of the study are that lacks of security devices in the school affect negatively students‟ academic achievement in English Language, Mathematics and Biology. The study recommended that there is need to overhaul the existing policy on school plant security as to ensure proper provision and utilization of the devices. It also recommended that government should make available suitable security devices and all the materials needed to make them functional.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES ON SPORT PERFORMANCE OF MALE UNIVERSITY CHAMPION-HANDBALLERS IN WEST AFRICA (NIGERIA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Surajudeen Tosho
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
University Of Ghana ◽  
Post Hoc

This study focused on the effects of anthropometric variables on male handball champions in West Africa. An ex-post facto research design was adopted. The population of all male handball players in the West African University Games (University of Ilorin; University of Ghana and University of Abomey-Calavi) were participants in the study. Two research instruments were adopted in this study this includes measuring tape and a standard handball court. Census sampling technique was used to select all 37 players available during the contest. Census method is the method of statistical enumeration where all members of the population are studied . These players composed of (Wrist (cm) 18.88, Chest (cm) 17.78, mid-thigh(cm) 18.35, Wrist (cm) 91.96, Chest (cm) 95.02, mid-thigh 89.83, Wrist (cm) 49.37, mid-thigh 55.04, Wrist (cm) 49.26).   To test a substantive difference between the groups determined at 0.05alpha significant levels, descriptive and inferential statistics for t test and ANOVA Scheffe post hoc, multiple comparison tests were adopted. The results of this study showed that men players had considerable differences in anthropometric measurements. As the men's players were significantly different in the handle circumference (f=4.624>3.32 (0.05) df36); chest circumference (f=.750<3.32(0.05) df36). Coaches were recommended to focus on these variables in selecting and coaching processes (Wrist circumference, Chest curvature, Thigh). This study also recommends that this profiling should be adopted in players’ selection and the development of sport specific programs. Key words: Anthropometric, Performance, Wrist girth.  

Assessing Teaching Readiness of University Students in Cross River State, Nigeria: Implications for Managing Teacher Education Reforms

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Akuegwu ◽  
A. O. Edet (MRS) ◽  
C. C. Uchendu (MRS) ◽  
U. I. Ekpoh (MRS)
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
T Test ◽  
University Education ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Gender Influences

This ex-post-facto designed study was geared towards assessing the readiness of would-be teachers in universities inCross River State for the teaching profession, and how reforms can be managed to strengthen this. Three hypotheseswere isolated to give direction to this investigation. 200 students from the two universities in the state constituted thesample drawn from a population of 1684 graduating education students. Data were generated using “Students’Teaching Readiness Questionnaire (S.T.R.Q.)”. Population t-test and Independent t-test statistical techniques wereused to analyze data collected. Results disclosed that teaching readiness of university education students issignificantly low in terms of possession of communication skills, interpersonal skills, ICT skills and entrepreneurialskills; gender influences teaching readiness of university education students in one hand and in the other, it does not;teaching readiness of university education students does not significantly differ on the basis of institution ofaffiliation. On the strength of these findings, implications for managing teacher education reforms were articulated.

scholarly journals Demographics Variables and Athletes’ Performance in Track Events in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-168
Author(s):  
Pauline E. Ekuri ◽  
Nsagha N. Osaji ◽  
Emmanuel Ahueansebhor
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Senior Secondary Schools ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Senior Secondary

This research studied the performance of athletes in 100m, 200m, 400m, and 4 x 400m relay races in secondary schools based on two demographic variables (age and experience). The bivariate and interactive effects of these variables were assessed based on three null hypotheses formulated to guide the study. The research is quantitative and followed the ex-post facto design. The population comprised 1,180 junior and senior secondary schools students in 24 public secondary schools in Calabar Metropolis. A total of 863 students were selected based on their previous experiences in track events. Data were collected using a questionnaire tagged “Performance in Track Events Questionnaire (PTEQ). Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics; while inferential statistics such as one- and two-way ANOVA were used to test the null hypotheses at the .05 level of significance. No significant influence of age on athletes’ performance in all the track events was found. Athletes experience significantly influenced their performance in all the track events. There is a significant interaction of age and experience on athletes’ performance in all track events in secondary schools. It was concluded that some demographic variables affect student-athletes performance in track events, while others do not. Based on this conclusion, relevant practical and research implications were discussed for sustained or improved performance in track events.

scholarly journals Information on the Impact National N-Power Scheme on Employment Creation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Frank M. Attah ◽  
Thomas A. Omang ◽  
Mary U. Ojong-Ejoh ◽  
Hussein Botchway
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Employment Creation ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Lineal Regression ◽  
The Impact

This study attempts to provide valuable data on the impact of the National N-Power scheme on youth employment in Bekwara Local Government Area of Cross River state. The ex post facto research design was adopted in collecting data from 398 samples from a population of 632 beneficiaries of the scheme using a self-structured questionnaire. The convenience sampling technique was used in selecting the samples from the study area. Data collected from the field was analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistics. The descriptive statistics include frequency distribution, charts, simple per centages, means and standard deviation. The result from the descriptive statistics was then subjected to parametric statistics at 0.05 confidence level. Out of the 398-instrument distributed, only 389 was returned and used for analysis. from the analysis, it was discovered that nearly all the respondents (96.92%) were unemployed before becoming beneficiaries of the N-Power Scheme. It was also discovered that out of all the programs registered under the scheme, only three programs had beneficiaries in Bekwara, these were N-Teach, N-Agro and N-Health. From the analysis carried out using lineal regression, it was discovered that there is a significant relationship between N-Power and Employment Creation. Based on these findings the study recommends amongst others that there is a need for an increase in the number of beneficiaries of the Scheme in the Local Government Area.

Influence of Gender and Environmental Awareness on Attitude of People towards Forest Conservation in Ekuri Communities in Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omoogun, A. C. ◽  
Odok Anthony O.
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

This study examined some psychological variables and attitude of people towards forest conservation in Ekuri communities in Akamkpa local government area of Cross River State. This Ex-Post Facto research involved two hundred respondents consisting of farmers, traders and students selected through stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire constructed by the researchers was used for data collection while independent t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation statistical analysis were used for data analysis. The research findings revealed that there is a significant influence of gender and environmental awareness on attitude of people towards forest conservation. Based on these findings, appropriate recommendations were made.

scholarly journals Managing Stakeholder Conflicting Expectations in Higher Education: a Hybrid Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Abdul Gabbar Al-Sharafi ◽  
Fatema Al-Rubai’ey
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Program Development ◽  
English Language ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

This paper proposes a hybrid approach to the management of stakeholder conflicting expectations in higher education (HE) by combining Stakeholder Theory (ST) and a participatory approach. In this paper, we use an ex post facto approach to retrospectively report Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) experience in managing stakeholder conflicting expectations in developing the BA in English Language and Literature Program as a case study. We show that for an effective management of stakeholder conflicting expectations in HE, the three perspectives of ST (i.e., descriptive, instrumental and normative) have to be taken together as a unified approach with the normative perspective occupying the core. In addition, we argue that this unified approach should be complemented by a participatory approach to add an interactive dimension to stakeholder conflict management and allow stakeholders to become active conflict-solvers. The paper concludes that this hybrid approach is essential to manage stakeholder conflicting expectations in academic program development and to project academic program development in HE as a shared social responsibility.

Determinants of Gender Responsive Spending in Rural Families in Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
M Ramasubramanian ◽  
G Selvarani ◽  
D Puthira Prathap ◽  
M Senthil Kumar ◽  
A Anuratha
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Good Education ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Ex Post Facto

A study was conducted among 120 as respondents in Six villages of Madurai district with the objective of analysing the determinants for gender neutral spending in families and to predict their willingness to spend gender neutrally. Ex-post facto research design was employed and the respondents were selected using random sampling procedure. The data was collected using a well-structured interview schedule. The results revealed that among the determinants differential needs of sons/daughters, earning of husband and wife, urge for giving good education, perceived importance of the issue, availability of money for spending were found to be highly influencing the respondents to spend gender neutrally in families. Similarly, Influence on relatives on spending decisions, influence of neighbours on spending decision, social values, spending for health were the determinants which were moderately influencing the gender neutral spending in families. Binary Logistic Regression results revealed that the willingness of a parent improves 18 times if he/she is influenced by differential need of son and daughters. Further, it was found that, if a parent is influenced by urge for giving good education, the odds of his/her willingness to neutrally spend in families would increase by a factor of 17.58 units.

scholarly journals Parental Percetion of the Teaching of Sex Education to Adolescent in Secondary School in Cross River State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G Akpama
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Parental Perception ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ex Post Facto

This study was an ex-post facto research, design to determine parental perception of the teaching of introducing sex education to adolescents in secondary schools in Cross River State, as the area of study. Two null hypotheses were formulated on the basis of the identified major independent variables of nature of parental perception and parental literacy status. A 15-item questionnaire was developed, validated and tested for reliability. It was then administered to 400 respondents (parents–200 male, 200 female) from 20 churches in the entire state (7 churches from central, 7 from south and 6 from north senatorial districts). The sample was selected by stratified cluster and simple random procedure. Data was analysed using the independent t-test. Results revealed that parental perception of the teaching of sex education to adolescents in secondary schools is significantly negative; no significant difference exists between literate and illiterate parents in their perception of the teaching of sex education to adolescents in secondary schools. It was concluded that parental perception of the teaching of sex education to adolescents in secondary schools is generally negative in Cross River State. Some recommendations were enhanced as the way forward. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v6i0.10714   Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.6 2014: 134-145

scholarly journals Provision of Security Facilities and Security Personnel Service Delivery in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Comfort R. Etor ◽  
Eno Etudor-Eyo ◽  
Godfrey E. Ukpabio
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Security Service ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Security Personnel ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Tear Gas ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Level Of Significance

The study examined provision of security facilities and security personnel service delivery in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The ex-post facto design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 440 security personnel while the sample size was 400 security personnel. Two researchers developed and validated instruments entitled &ldquo;Provision of Facilities Questionnaire (POFQ) and Security Personnel Service Delivery Questionnaire (SPSDQ) were used for data collection. The reliability estimates of the instrument were determined using Cronbach Alpha Analysis and the coefficients of 0.80 and 0.83 were obtained. Descriptive statistics was used to answer the research questions while Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The finding of the study showed that there exist a disparity in the provision of security facilities in the institutions with the minimum provision of 11.10 and maximum of 26.00 facilities by State and Federal Universities respectively. The level of provision of security facilities in the two institutions studies indicated two levels of inadequate and moderate with a grand mean of 2.5135 and standard deviation of .92773. The level of security service delivery in the Universities in Cross River State depend on the level of availability of security facilities for use by security personnel is evident that there are three levels of security service delivery in Universities. The finding of the study also revealed that there is a significant relationship between provision of security facilities and security personnel service delivery. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the administrators should provide adequate security facilities such as hand guns, CCTV, tear gas, bullet proof vests and so on for effective security personnel service delivery.

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