scholarly journals Intensification de la production agropastorale et genre dans le domaine soudano-sahelien au Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 800-815
Author(s):  
Katian Napon ◽  
Augustine Ayantunde ◽  
Et Dapola Evariste Constant Da
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Pastoral Production ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Politique Agricole ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
Gender Groups

La faible pluviométrie et la pauvreté des sols du Séno et du Yatenga au Burkina Faso influencent négativement les rendements agricoles et la production animale. Pour améliorer la productivité et favoriser une meilleure sécurité alimentaire, il est nécessaire d’intensifier le système de culture à travers l’adoption de techniques culturales adéquates. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser la pratique des techniques d’intensification durable de la production agropastorale selon le genre. A cet effet, une enquête a été conduite auprès de 632 individus. Un modèle logistique binaire a été utilisé avec SPSS 20 pour vérifier si les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des enquêtés prédisaient de façon significative la pratique d’une technique d’intensification. Une valeur de P < 0,05 a été jugée statistiquement significative. Les résultats révèlent une différence en fonction du genre dans la pratique des techniques d’intensification de la production et montrent que ces différences sont liées au niveau d’éducation, à l’activité primaire, à la taille du ménage, au groupe ethnique, au groupe de genre et à l’âge des enquêtés. Les déterminants de l’adoption des technologies d’intensification de la production agropastorale devraient être pris en compte dans la politique agricole du pays pour une meilleure diffusion de ces technologies auprès des paysans.Mots clés : Technologies améliorées, systèmes mixtes, groupe de genre, Séno, Yatenga. English Title: Intensification of agro-pastoral production and gender in the Sudano-Sahelian domain in Burkina FasoLow rainfall and poor soils in the Seno and Yatenga regions of Burkina Faso have a negative impact on agricultural yields and livestock production. To improve productivity and promote better food security, it is necessary to intensify the farming systems through the adoption of appropriate of intensification practices. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of gender on intensification practices in agro-pastoral systems. A survey was conducted involving 632 individuals from different gender groups. A binary logistic model was used with SPSS 20 to assess whether the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents had significant effect on intensification practices. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results revealed gender differences in intensification practices and showed that these differences are related to education level, primary activity, household size, ethnic group, gender group and age of the respondents. The determinants of the agro-pastoral production intensification technologies should be taken into account in the country's agricultural policy for a better dissemination of these technologies to farmers.Keywords: Improved technologies, mixed systems, gender group, Seno, Yatenga.

scholarly journals Women Friendly Mosque in Banda Aceh: A Study of the Concept of Gender Justice and Gender Planning Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Faradilla Fadlia ◽  
Ismar Ramadani ◽  
Siti Nur Zalikha
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Banda Aceh

This paper analyzed how several mosques as a public space are not friendly to one gender group. Mosques as public spaces should be accessible to everyone and must accommodate the needs of all gender groups. This study seeks to see how the spatial arrangement that is not friendly to women impacts the comfort of women to worship in the mosque. In addition, this study also tries to analyze mosques in Banda Aceh, which are considered gender-responsive. This study uses qualitative methods with in-depth interviews and uses gender planning theory as an analytical tool. This study found several findings. First, the comfort and discomfort related to the arrangement of space and facilities are experienced by female congregations and male congregations. Second, assumptions that affect spatial planning and facilities have discriminated against one gender group. Third, mosques in Aceh are generally intended for men; this results in the layout of the mosque not accommodating the needs of women.

scholarly journals The migration component in the demographic development of Russia in the post-war period (1951–2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-326
Author(s):  
Yuri Kvashnin
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Pilot Programs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Post War ◽  
Gender Groups

The concept of unconditional basic income (UBI), which provides for the introduction (instead of or in addition to existing forms of social protection) of regular universal cash payments on an individual basis in favor of all members of the community without any preconditions, is attracting increasing interest among experts and scholars, international organizations, charitable foundations, municipal and regional authorities. Estimating the possible consequences of introducing a basic income, however, remains an equation with too many unknowns. As a result, even in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which demanded unprecedented measures in the social sphere, preference was given to traditional mechanisms to support the economy, employment, and living standards. The results of experiments with basic income, carried out over the past half-century, due to their limited scope, are still clearly insufficient to make an unambiguous conclusion about the viability of this scheme and the feasibility of its implementation on a national scale. At the same time, these experiments showed that basic income, when incorporated into existing social protection systems, can become an effective tool for smoothing regional disparities, the vulnerable position of a certain age and gender groups, as well as improving physical and mental health indicators. Moreover, they allow us, with some caution, to conclude that concerns about the negative impact of basic income on employment are grossly exaggerated. With regard to Russia, promising directions for the implementation of pilot programs could be as following: stimulating the development of lagging regions of the Federation, supporting young people who have recently entered the labor market and citizens of pre-retirement age, as well as, in light of unfavorable demographic trends, the introduction of unconditional cash payments for minor children

Projected future risk of leukemia and brain tumors from unnecessary brain CT scans: a multi-center study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asgari ◽  
A.A. Parach ◽  
F. Bouzarjomehri ◽  
F. Shirani-Takabi ◽  
A.H. Mehrparvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Brain Ct ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Probability Of Cancer

Introduction: Computer Tomography (CT) scans can deliver a relatively high radiation dose to the patient, therefore radiation protection for this modality is paramount. The present study determined the frequency of no abnormality detected (NAD) brain CT scans and probability of cancer induction in different age groups and genders. Methods: In this study, brain CT reports were used to identify any findings as abnormality detected (AD) and others as NAD. Then probability of future leukemia and brain cancer was estimated for different age and gender groups. Results: On average, in 65% of the cases the results were NAD (56% and 76% among males and females, respectively). Among children, 79% of the reports were NAD. The total number of projected brain cancers was 1.8 and 1.3 for males and females, respectively. The number of projected leukemia cases was 0.75 and 0.7 for males and females, respectively. For pediatric patients, brain CT scans can lead to leukemia cases about 4.5 times more often than adults. Conclusion: Brain CT scans can lead to additional cases of brain cancer and leukemia. A significant fraction of brain CTs were NAD (non-pathologic) and could practically be replaced by other radiation-free imaging modalities, especially in pediatric and young patients.

Moral Development: From Paradigms to Plurality

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lene Arnett Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Diverse Groups

This chapter introduces The Oxford Handbook of Moral Development: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. The handbook provides a comprehensive, international, and up-to-date review of research on moral development, including moral motives and behaviors, ontogeny and developmental pathways, and contexts that children, adolescents, and adults experience with respect to morality. Across more than 40 chapters, experts from disciplines such as anthropology, education, human development, psychology, and sociology address moral development through the entire life course among diverse groups within and across countries. This chapter addresses how the chapters provide literature reviews that are inclusive of highly diverse theoretical and research foci, as well as of diverse cultural, socioeconomic, and gender groups. The aim of the handbook is to contribute to the revitalization and flourishing of the field of moral development.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Work Satisfaction, Work Engagement and Work Efficiency of Employees during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8791
Author(s):  
Maja Rožman ◽  
Simona Sternad Zabukovšek ◽  
Samo Bobek ◽  
Polona Tominc
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
And Gender

The COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant lockdown has caused massive economic disruption, leading businesses to make a rapid transition and take a new approach to business strategy. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to examine if there are statistically significant gender differences in work satisfaction, work engagement, and work efficiency among employees who work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, the paper aims to identify the importance of individual dimensions of work satisfaction, work engagement, and work efficiency, and gender differences perspective. The research is based on a survey of 785 employees in Slovenian companies. The factor analysis and the t-test for two independent samples were used to test the research hypotheses. Findings: The results show significant gender differences in work satisfaction, work engagement, and work efficiency among employees who work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper provides change management insights and recommendations to assist companies in minimizing the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their employees.

Entrepreneurship in regions: differentiated impacts of the socio cultural and gender types

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Mancilla ◽  
José Ernesto Amorós
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reference Models ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Secondary City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the differentiated impact of factors that influence the propensity to entrepreneur in a sample of people in Chile. A distinction is made between individuals that live in primary cities and secondary cities. The differentiating factors are socio‐cultural aspects (reference models – positive examples of entrepreneurs – and perception of social fear of failure) and the gender of the individual. Design/methodology/approach For the research data from the survey used in Chile by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for the years 2010 and 2011 were used. A logit model was used to determine the differentiated impact of the analysed factors and interactions were done using the method proposed by Corneliâen and Sonderhof (2009). Findings These showed that the fact that an individual lives in a secondary city decreases his entrepreneurship probability. The positive impact that the reference models have is weaker in women. Contrary to what was expected, the negative impact of the fear of failure perception is weaker in women. Practical implications These results have the implications to suggest focused public policies and differentiations that consider the socio‐cultural, territorial (focused in cities) and gender aspects. Originality/value The research contributes by giving empirical evidence of the existence of the negative impact of living in a secondary city and of differentiated effects of socio‐cultural factors from the gender perspective.

Rate of Prescription of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Drugs after Cyclone Yasi in North Queensland

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Usher ◽  
Lawrence H. Brown ◽  
Petra Buettner ◽  
Beverley Glass ◽  
Helen Boon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
General Psychological Distress ◽  
Anxiolytic Drugs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractIntroductionThe need to manage psychological symptoms after disasters can result in an increase in the prescription of psychotropic drugs, including antidepressants and anxiolytics. Therefore, an increase in the prescription of antidepressants and anxiolytics could be an indicator of general psychological distress in the community.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine if there was a change in the rate of prescription of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs following Cyclone Yasi.MethodsA quantitative evaluation of new prescriptions of antidepressants and anxiolytics was conducted. The total number of new prescriptions for these drugs was calculated for the period six months after the cyclone and compared with the same six month period in the preceding year. Two control drugs were also included to rule out changes in the general rate of drug prescription in the affected communities.ResultsAfter Cyclone Yasi, there was an increase in the prescription of antidepressant drugs across all age and gender groups in the affected communities except for males 14-54 years of age. The prescription of anxiolytic drugs decreased immediately after the cyclone, but increased by the end of the six-month post-cyclone period. Control drug prescription did not change.ConclusionThere was a quantifiable increase in the prescription of antidepressant drugs following Cyclone Yasi that may indicate an increase in psychosocial distress in the community.UsherK, BrownLH, BuettnerP, GlassB, BoonH, WestC, GrassoJ, Chamberlain-SalaunJ, WoodsC. Rate of prescription of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs after Cyclone Yasi in North Queensland. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(6):1-5.

scholarly journals Modernity in British advertising: selling cocoa and chocolate in the 1930s

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael French
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Advertising Agency ◽  
Consumer Durables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
New Consumer ◽  
Health And Well Being

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution of “push” marketing in the confectionery industry in Britain during the 1930s. It examines the interplay between a manufacturer and advertising agency in creating advertising for cocoa and chocolate. Design/methodology/approach A survey of the literature examines the uses of health and well-being in the design of advertising in Britain between the wars. The records of Rowntree and its main advertising agency, J Walter Thompson, are used to examine the themes and tactics used in advertising for cocoa and Aero chocolate bars during the 1930s. Findings The paper emphasises the different ways in which health and nutrition was used in advertising for the two products. The campaigns of the 1930s built on earlier use of these themes. J Walter Thompson looked for ways of presenting commodities as “new and improved” and their role extended into pressing for changes to production methods and the nature of products. Themes of modernity, sexuality and lifestyles all featured, confirming conclusions of earlier studies. However, targeting of mothers and of different age and gender groups indicated that market segmentation was used extensively via print media and tailored advertising messages. Originality/value Although Cadbury, Rowntree and confectionery have been studied in depth before, this paper emphasises their role in applying new advertising ideas to everyday items. It points to the influence of advertising on the mass of consumers compared to the middle- and upper-income groups targeted in the marketing of houses, motor-cars and new consumer durables.

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