Access to Justice for Victims of Dating Violence: Gender Perspective

This gender perspective of qualitative research explores the shape, causes, impact of dating violence; and access to justice for dating violence victims. Data collection using, observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literary studies. The analysis uses an interactive model. The results showed that, the shape of dating violence, i.e: verbal-emotional, physical, sexual, and economic. The main causes of dating violence are patriarchal culture and a lack of understanding of gender, thus causing gender inequality, parenting gender biased; women stereotype, and the absence of regulation about dating violence. Dating violence affects not only victims but also the perpetrators. The dating violence victims have not gained access to justice, because the legal system, which includes the substance, structure, and legal culture is still gender-biased and patriarchal. This condition is confirmed by the fact that the community and victims do not know, understand, and be aware of their rights to justice. Therefore, we needed efforts to understand gender and dating violence, including access to justice for victims, through student activity in and out of the campus. Lawmaking about eliminating dating violence in the future (ius constituendum) must be made a political agenda for the government and legislative.

The Sex Education Method in Agrarian Communities

The purpose of this study was to describe how an agrarian society provides sex education. This research was conducted based on the assumption that parents need to teach sex education to early childhood, even though it is taboo, but in a good way. This research is qualitative research with an ethnographic research type. The results showed that 1) The community uses fiqh (rituals of worship) learning methods to cover genitalia and teach the culture of shame from an early age. 2) people are still taboo to mention genitals directly so that they use other terms that are considered not to stimulate crime and are more polite, namely to refer to the penis as sunik, gentog and anu, while for the vagina is replaced with the term memek, iwak kebo and anu. 3) people still use the circumcision method for women even though WHO has stated it is prohibited. This study recommends the government and community leaders to continue to carry out sex education for children with the correct method according to health, religious, and human rights laws.

The Reciprocal Paradigm of Tafsīr al-Miṣbah and Tafsīr al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr on Surah al-Baqarah verse 222 about Menstruation Blood

Misogynistic interpretation of women on their menstruation period as "a dirt" that emerged from pre-Islamic Arab society and some classical commentators opened vast space for critics. One of the critics is the interpretation of al-Baqarah verse 222 as an effort to maintain reproduction health. This paper compares the inter­pretation of al-Baqarah verse 222 in Tafsīr al-Miṣbaḥ by Quraish Shihab, and Tafsīr al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr, by Ibn 'Āshūr. These two interpretations are taken because they have relatively similar interpretations when interpreting al-Baqarah verse 222, even though the author's historical setting is different. With the comparative method and theory of qirā’ah mubādalah, this paper answers how the interpretation of Quraish Shihab and Ibn 'Āshūr on al-Baqarah verse 222 and how the linearity of that inter­pretation is. This paper finds, firstly, that Quraish Shihab and Ibn 'Āshūr agree in interpreting al-Baqarah verse 222 with the prohibition of intercourse, while the wife is on her period to maintain re­production health and interpret adhā as an uncomfortable condition. It's just that Quraish Shihab defines adhā as distur­bance, while Ibn 'Āshūr means al-ḍarr (injury or danger). Secondly, the two interpretations use a reciprocal paradigm with the evidence of the meaning of adhā as a disturbance or risk that can be occurred both women and men.

Women Friendly Mosque in Banda Aceh: A Study of the Concept of Gender Justice and Gender Planning Perspective

This paper analyzed how several mosques as a public space are not friendly to one gender group. Mosques as public spaces should be accessible to everyone and must accommodate the needs of all gender groups. This study seeks to see how the spatial arrangement that is not friendly to women impacts the comfort of women to worship in the mosque. In addition, this study also tries to analyze mosques in Banda Aceh, which are considered gender-responsive. This study uses qualitative methods with in-depth interviews and uses gender planning theory as an analytical tool. This study found several findings. First, the comfort and discomfort related to the arrangement of space and facilities are experienced by female congregations and male congregations. Second, assumptions that affect spatial planning and facilities have discriminated against one gender group. Third, mosques in Aceh are generally intended for men; this results in the layout of the mosque not accommodating the needs of women.

The History and Function of Sisterhood in Turkey: Bacıyan-ı Rum Organization in Medieval Era

Bacıyan-ı Rum (Anatolian Sisters Organization) is known as the world's first women's organization in history, but very few pieces of literature exist about this medieval organi­zation. Thus, the aim was to reach up to all available historical documents about the topic and systematically analyze the nature and function of such an organization in the medieval era. Preliminary findings show that no written documents existed in English nor other languages except the Turkish language. It was also observed that this topic has emerged as an exciting area for many disciplines in recent times, leading to a sudden develop­ment of recent write-ups on such a topic. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce and explore the historical antecedent and functions of Bacıyan-ı Rum Organization to readers and other professionals interested in history, ethics, women, and gender studies. Kinds of literature were reviewed across history, eco­nomics, politics, travelogues, art, sociology, and anthropology to provide an extensive and detailed understanding of such a remarkable phenomenal women organization that existed in the Islamic world of the Medieval Era in Anatolia, Turkey.

The Changes in the Daily Activities Cycle of Women Informal Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Vulnerability and Resilience

This article is based on research discussing the daily activities cycle of women that work in the informal sector during the Pandemic of COVID-19 in Yogyakarta. The research method is qualitative, followed by gender perspective, to affirm the narrative based on women’s experiences and gender analysis. On one side, economic recession due to the Pandemic of COVID-19 has increased the vulnerability of women in the informal sector because their income depends on daily economic activity. On the other side, the implementation of social distancing has increased women’s workload at home. However, culturally, women’s works in private sectors such as care works and mothering tend to be normalized. Economic activity is associated with men’s jobs as breadwinners, and it is limited on public space. Therefore, women seem not productive economically even though they have endless works (at home). This article does not only explore one single aspect of women’s double burdens. But it is also to discuss how women’s identical activity with care works has been dis­connected from the economic cycle chain itself. Meanwhile, living in the time of pandemic COVID-19 shows that women’s works become the vital pillar of resilience in handling crisis, whether in health and economy.

Analysis of Family Resilience: The Effects of the COVID-19

This study aims to analyze family resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide health problem at this time, including Indonesia, with a massive spread. Various issues arise due to the COVID-19 pandemic in economic, social, cultural, educational, and social welfare. This research was conducted on the people who lived in the COVID-19 red zone at Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi) area, with a total sample of 311 people. This study's data are political data collected using the Family Resilience instrument distributed using the Google Form application and data analysis using the Rasch Model and SPSS. Based on the research, it was found that the level of family resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic was in a suitable category. Therefore, it is necessary to increase parents' understanding in maintaining harmony and stability in the family conditions.

Dormitory-Based Intervention Method for Children with Special Needs

The article aims to elaborate the micro intervention method on fifty problem children guided in Social Institutions for children and adolescents of Social Office in Southeast Sulawesi Province. This qualitative descriptive study focuses on the study of problem children: mocking one another, skipping school, going out of the night without getting permission from the childminder, not following to do the prayer together, and liking to tell a lie. Methods of data-collecting are observation and interview. This study showed that dormitory-based micro intervention methods for problem children use mental-spiritual guiding, physical guiding, and extracurricular activity. The findings are as follows: 1) specifically for the children who mock their friends, they will be cultivated by way of advising and making them aware of resisting the deed of mocking because the conduct is a terrible deed, violating the ethics, and not to be in line with the religious and cultural norms; 2) for the children who do not follow to do the prayer together, to go out of night without getting permission from the boarder, skipping school, will be cultivated physically so that the children stop his bad habit and change it with a positive habit, such as: studying in, reading the Quran, doing sport, and sharing the other positive activities at night; and 3) there must be the supporting and collaboration with various stakeholders like a university, business world, society, and Non-Governmental Organization to realize the implementation of integrated child protection and to create social welfare of the children in the future.

(RETRACTED) The Reconstruction of Women's Position and Role through Irigaray's Ethics of Sexual Differences in the Culture of Manggarai, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara

Reason for Retraction (March 26th, 2021):This paper is retracted by the editors due to publication ethics misconducted by authors (simultaneous publication in another journal).

Mental Health of College Students and Its Relation to Life Satisfaction and Social Media Abuse

Adolescents are known for their critical development period due to problems they often face in their daily lives. The problem occurs as a result of adolescent developmental tasks that have not been appropriately fulfilled. One of the problems of adolescents is social media abuse. This study analyzes college students' mental health and their relation to life satisfaction and social media abuse. This research is a quantitative approach that involved 302 college students from the Vocational School of IPB University as respondents. The sampling technique used convenience sampling considering the data is taken online and distributed to as many population members as possible. With this technique, respondents are assumed to be willing to fill out the questionnaire because they feel more comfortable and safer. The results prove that male students in this study more often abuse social media than female students. College student life satisfaction in this study is not related and does not influence mental health and social media abuse. Mental health is proven to be related and influenced by abuse behavior, where an increase in mental health will decrease the tendency of social media abuse on college students.