scholarly journals Analysis of cocoa processing and marketing in Abia State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
R.D. Ejike ◽  
N.M. Chidiebere-Mark
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study analysed Cocoa processing and marketing in Abia State, Nigeria. It specifically assessed the socio-economic characteristics of the cocoa  processors, the structure and conduct of cocoa processors, cost and returns, marketing efficiency and constraints to cocoa processing and marketing in the study area. A total of 120 cocoa processors and marketers were randomly selected from the selected local governments  purposively chosen using a multistage sampling procedure. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from cocoa processors who also engage in marketing of cocoa. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results show that majority (56.7%) of the processors and marketers were males, with a mean age of 51.35 years, literates (98.3%), married (86.7%), members of cooperative society (75%,), had extension contact (60%) and have a mean household size of 5 persons with 11.2 years processing and marketing experience. Cost and return analysis revealed that cocoa processing and marketing is a profitable venture and the marketers were efficient at their trade. Multiple Regression result revealed that Age, Educational level, household size, were significant variables that influence marketing efficiency of processors and marketers in the study area. Constraints identified include; transportation, spoilage, price fluctuation amongst others. The study recommends among others the provision of infrastructure like modern processing facilities and good road network by government to improve efficiency in processing and marketing of cocoa. Keywords: Cocoa processing, Cost-return, Efficiency, Marketing

scholarly journals Profitability of Charcoal Production and Marketing in Ibarapa Zone of Oyo State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde, Taiye Oluwasola ◽  
Kehinde Abiodun Solomon ◽  
Kehinde, Olujide Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Personal Saving ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study analyzed the profitability of charcoal production and marketing in Ibarapa zone of Oyo state using a structured questionnaire. A multistage sampling technique was adopted to select one hundred (100) respondents for the study. The descriptive statistical method and budgetary analysis were used for data interpretation. Charcoal marketing is dominated by middle or old age mostly females (71.7%), the business are funded from personal saving and support from cooperative society. The finding reveals that 48.5% of respondent had no formal education and economic analysis showed that marketers require ₦50,000-₦500,000 as working capital with a resultant profit of ₦300,000-₦500,000 per annum and charcoal marketing efficiency was 1.32. In Conclusion, charcoal marketing is profitable with net returns of ₦58,000 on 200 bags sold.

scholarly journals Impact of Polytechnic Education on Enterprenuership Development in Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Grema Maina Bukar ◽  
Yohanna A. Timothy
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Multistage Sampling

The consequential failures of breakeven in respect to business expectations in Northern Nigeria drive around the competent knowledge acquired by entrepreneurs. This knowledge can be translated into identifiable opportunities with lucrative business openings. As such impacting knowledge on Entrepreneurship Education to yield employment opportunities through the entrepreneurship development was the bases of this Research work. Survey Method was designed and used with Multistage sampling procedure. The responses were categorized into four Stages. (9) local governments were randomly selected from three (3) senatorial zones in Stage One. In the second stage, fifty (50) Ramat Polytechnics graduates engaged in Entrepreneurship businesses in the areas of Technical, Vocational, Businesses etc. courses were purposively selected from 27 local governments of the state. Descriptive statistic and five point likert scale were used to analyze the data. The result shows that; there were several types of entrepreneurs that are products of Polytechnic Education fastened in economic growth with employment opportunities created through the entrepreneurship development through expanding of businesses and poverty reduction. It was recommended that Entrepreneurship development should become part and parcel of tertiary Institutions’ curriculum so that youngsters will acquire the necessary skills from the onset.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT (YCAD) PROGRAMME AMONG RURAL YOUTH IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olajide Julius FILUSI ◽  
Julius Olatunde AYINDE
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Institutional Factor ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Programme Effectiveness

The study described the socio-economic characteristics of the beneficiaries of the Youth Commercial Agricultural Development (YCAD) Programme in Ekiti State, Nigeria.Specifically, it identified type of enterprises in YCAD programme and isolated the factors influencing the effectiveness of the programme in the state. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 174 beneficiaries/respondents for the study. A validated interview schedule was used to collect data which were summarised with percentages, means and standard deviation while chi-square and correlation were used to draw inferences. Also, factor analysis was used to isolate factors influencing the programme effectiveness. Results showed that the mean age of respondents was 37±5years, mean household size was 5±2 persons, mean year of formal education was 15±2 years and mean monthly income was ₦41,000±23,000. Results, also, showed that arable crop enterprises (47.7%) and poultry (27%) were the most preferred enterprises by the beneficiaries in the study area followed by tree crops enterprise (12.6%) and aquaculture (12.6%)respectively. In addition, five crucial factors such as Institutional factor (26.672%), Personnel factor (16.345%), Socio-economicfactor (10.626%), Experience factor (9.243%) and Constraints factor (7.506%) were isolated. Further results showed that household size (r = 0.224; p ≤ 0.01) and years of formal education (r = 0.211; p ≤ 0.01) had positive and significant relationship with effectiveness of the YCAD programme. It was concluded from the study that YCAD was highly effective in employment generation, provision of incentives and creation of market for agricultural produce among the beneficiaries.

scholarly journals Knowledge Sharing between Farmer Field School Graduate Farmers and Other Farmers on Improved Cocoa Cultivation Practices in Edo State, Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Solomon O. Ebewore
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Logit Regression ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

<p>This paper investigated the extent of knowledge sharing by cocoa FFS graduates farmers in Edo State with other cocoa farmers. The objectives of the study included to: ascertain the extent of knowledge sharing by FFS farmers, the nature of knowledge shared and the number of beneficiaries from the shared knowledge. A multistage sampling procedure was used to collect data from 68 respondents. A well structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Simple descriptive statistics (frequency counts and percentages) and logit regression were used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that there was no significant sharing of knowledge by the FFS farmers with other farmers as only 13(19.1%) FFS farmers were involved in knowledge sharing. The logit regression result showed that all the socio-economic variables except household size and farm size were insignificant in influencing the FFS farmers’ knowledge sharing abilities. From the findings of the study, it was therefore recommended that FFS graduate farmers should be encouraged to sign knowledge sharing contract, to organize field day and the need for FFS facilitators to monitor the graduates to ensure that the contractual agreement is adhered to should be stressed.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of access to livelihood capitals on adoption of European Union (EU) approved pesticides among cocoa-producing households in Osun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Damilola Kehinde ◽  
Akeem Abiade Tijani
Keyword(s):  
Natural Capital ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Multivariate Probit ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Livelihood Capitals

Abstract Cocoa-producing households’ access to livelihood capitals would help them to adopt EU approved pesticides successfully. However, no empirical studies have addressed these issues. This study therefore investigated the effects of access to livelihood capitals on adoption of EU approved pesticides among cocoa-producing households. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 cocoa-producing households for the study. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics, multivariate probit regression and double hurdle regression model. The majority of cocoa-producing households (92%) have access to natural capital, followed by physical capital (67.5%), social capital (62.5%), financial capital (58%), whereas only a few (50.8%) have access to human capital. Multivariate probit estimates showed that age (p < 0.05), gender (p < 0.05), farm size (p < 0.05), years of education (p < 0.01), farming experience (p < 0.01), household size (p < 0.01) and membership in cooperative society (p < 0.01) significantly influenced cocoa-producing households’ access to livelihood capitals. The majority of cocoa-producing households (81%) adopt approved pesticides. The first hurdle estimates showed that gender (p < 0.01), education (p < 0.05), membership in a cooperative society (p < 0.05) and access to some livelihood capitals such as human (p < 0.01), physical (p < 0.05) and financial (p < 0.01) capitals significantly influence the probability of adoption of EU approved pesticides. In the second hurdle, gender (p < 0.1), farm size (p < 0.01), household size (p < 0.01), membership in a cooperative society (p < 0.01)and access to some livelihood capitals such as human (p < 0.05), physical (p < 0.01) and social (p < 0.01) capitals are significant in determining the intensity of adopting EU approved pesticides. The study concluded that access to livelihood capitals has potentials of accelerating adoption of EU approved pesticides. Other factors include gender, education, farm size and membership in a cooperative society. Therefore, this study suggests that government policy on uptake of EU approved pesticides should pay more attention on cocoa-producing households’ access to all these factors. Most importantly, policy package to encourage access to livelihood capitals must be strongly advocated.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Vegetable Marketing in Peri-Urban Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Uche Isitor ◽  
Abiodun Olanrewaju Otunaiya ◽  
Joel Oluwaseyi Iyanda
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Indigenous Vegetables ◽  
Multistage Sampling

<p>Against the backdrop evidenced in the substantial wastage, deterioration in quality, and frequent mismatch between demand and supply of vegetables spatially and overtime; this study examined the efficiency of vegetable marketing in Ifo and Ado-Odo L.G.As of Ogun State, Nigeria. Primary data were employed for the study. Data were collected from 120 respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire using multistage sampling procedure. Analytical tools used included, Descriptive statistics, budgetary and marketing efficiency analyses. The study revealed that women (78.3%) were the major players in the enterprise and most had basic education with majority having business experience of more than five years. However, they relied on their personal savings to run their enterprise. Indigenous vegetable marketing was found to be profitable and efficient as indicated by the positive net margin of N29,180.05. As an indication of the profit maximization motive of the marketers, various marketing efficiency scores were computed for the selected indigenous vegetables. The scores are 10.85%, 3.88%, 5.27%, 2.54%, 5.32%, and 2.46% for ugu, tomato, okra, amaranthus, celocia and chocorus, respectively. It is recommended that extension trainings on preservation of indigenous vegetables should be conducted and accessible funds should be made available to these marketers, to forestall the problem of spoilage and lack of funds, as these constituted major drawbacks on marketing efficiency in the study areas.</p>

scholarly journals Extent of rural women involvement in agro-based entrepreneurial activities in Imo State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Helen A Egwuonwu ◽  
Confidence A. Iwunwanne
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

The study assessed the extent of rural women involvement in agro-based entrepreneurial activities in Imo state, Nigeria. Data for the study were  collected using a structured questionnaire from 120 rural women through random sampling procedure. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentages, mean and regression analysis. Majority (73%) of the women were married with an average age and household size of  37years and 7 persons respectively. Approximately 53% had primary education with 52% belonging to cooperative society. Average farming experience and farm income were 8years and N35, 424.74 respectively. A reasonable proportion (60%) had access to credit facilities. Results showedthat the majority (53%) of the women were highly involved in agro-based entrepreneurial activities with crop production (95%), marketing (97%) and land preparation (87%) as the major agro-based entrepreneurial activities they were involved in. Women’s involvement in agro-based  entrepreneurial activities was found to be influenced by household size, membership in cooperative society and access to extension contact. The study further showed that inadequate capital (96.67%)), high cost of capital (93.33%) and inadequate skilled labour (91.67%) were major constraints to women’s involvement in agro-based entrepreneurial activities. This research therefore recommends that the women should be encouraged through enhanced access to loans and credit facilities. They should also be encouraged to belong to cooperatives and other societies which can access grants and loans as this would increase the extent of their involvement in agro-based entrepreneurial activities in the area. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Agro-based activities, rural women involvement

scholarly journals Economic impact and determinants of adoption of improved maize production technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Abiodun Obayelu ◽  
Damilola Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The problem of what production technologies to adopt, and the degree to which farm operations should be improved for attainment of optimum economic benefit have remained undetermined. This study analysed the economics and determinants of adoption of the improved maize (Zea mays) production technology package in Oyo State of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select one hundred and twenty maize producing farmers for the study in 2016. Data for the study were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistics and adoption index, regression analysis and the standard enterprise budgetary analysis. Results from the regression analysis showed that variables such as sex, farming experience, years of education, extension visits, and level of awareness of the technologies had a significant and positive influence on the adoption of improved maize technologies in the study area. Findings from the budgetary analysis revealed that improved maize production technology adopters made N438,367.23 compared to N374,426.44 profits per hectare of maize produced by the non-adopters during the year of survey. The results further revealed that on every naira invested in maize production, the adopters were able to make N7.64 in return compared to N6.00 returns by the non-adopters. There is the need for an increase in awareness of maize production technologies among the farmers, through the extension agents and social networks in order to increase the level of adoption of maize technologies.

scholarly journals Consumption behaviour analyses of cassava products among rural household in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
F.U. Okoye ◽  
A.C. Okoye ◽  
S.I. Umeh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Product Consumption ◽  
Correlation Models ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study provides empirical evidence on consumption behavior of cassava products among households in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A  multistage sampling technique was employed to collect data from 120 households using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ordered Probit and Spearman correlation models. The study finds garri, fufu (pounded cassava) and tapioca as  the three major cassava products consumed while rice, yam and beans as three the major substitute of garri by the households in the area. The households preferred garri over other cassava products as the factors of household choice, nutritional value and availability. The coefficient for age was negative while coefficients of cost of cassava products, marital status and household size were positively related to  choice of cassava products consumed in the study area. The study therefore recommended for policies that will effectively promote cassava product consumption should emphasize on the adult population and household size. Key words: Choice, decision, garri, ordered Probit

scholarly journals Analysis of Profitability and Market Outlets of Smallholder Garri Producers in Ondo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
O. A. Aturamu ◽  
A. E. Akinbola ◽  
O. O. Omosehin ◽  
D. T. Oguntuase
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Cost Of Transportation ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aims: To ascertain the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the market outlets available in the area, estimate the profitability of garri processors, determine factors influencing the choice of market outlet employed by the processors, and identify the main constraints faced in processing garri in the area. Study Design: Primary data were used for this study and sourced through a well-structured questionnaire. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out among garri producers in Ondo State, Nigeria, between June and November, 2020. Methodology: A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents, while descriptive statistics, budgetary technique, and multinomial logit (MNL) regression were used for the data analysis. Results: The results revealed that female (63.3%) dominated the enterprise, and about 81.6% of them were married. The average age was 49 years old, and many (80%) of them were literate. The result established three main market outlets and they are: producer gate (43.3%), open market (20.0%), and middlemen (36.7%). The result of budgetary technique revealed that the venture is profitable given the values of gross margin and profit as 82,972.58 and 71,694.68, respectively. The value (2.37) of return on investment, indicating that about 2.37 was realized for every naira spent. The result of MNL affirmed that marital status, education, experience and profit accrued were the significant factors influencing the choice of market outlet in the area. It was unveiled that price fluctuations, poor road network and high cost of transportation were the main constraints faced by the garri processors in the area. Conclusion: The policy implication is that garri production business is viable, therefore it is capable to reduce hunger and poverty if properly managed with functioning and organized market outlets and structure.

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