Ecotoxicological assessment of commercial glyphosate-based di-ammonium salt formulation on haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
A.B. Ella ◽  
E.T. Azua ◽  
C.U. Aguoru ◽  
A.A. Onekutu ◽  
F.A. Ella
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Ecotoxicological Assessment ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

The study evaluated sub-lethal toxicity of commercial glyphosate-based Di-ammonium formulation commonly known as ‘Touchdown’ on haematological profile of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. A total of two hundred catfish juveniles of mean weight 31.07±1.23g and mean length 19.50 ± 0.50cm were exposed to different  concentrations of Di-ammonium formulation (1.26, 2.52, 5.03 and 0.00 mg/l) for eight (8) weeks. Each concentration was treated in triplicate using a static bioassay system. Physico-chemical parameters of the test water were monitored throughout the study period. Results showed that haematocrit (HCT), red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Platelets (PLT) counts decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in concentrations of Touchdown. Whereas, white blood cell (WBC) counts increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of the glyphosate-based formulation. Water temperature, pH, Total dissolved solid (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC) increased linearly with increasing concentration, while dissolved oxygen content decreased significantly (p<0.05). The results from this study indicated that Di-ammonium glyphosate–based formulation had negative consequences on the blood of treated fish. In view of this, the application of Di-ammonium glyphosate-based formulation should be done in a sustainable manner with proper regulations.

Effects of replacement of maize with cassava stem meal on growth and haematology of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerling

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
T.N. Ikwor ◽  
J.N. Nwakpa ◽  
J.S. Awoke ◽  
M.U. Agim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Cassava Stem

The study investigated effects of replacing maize meal with cassava stem meal on growth performance and haematology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. Cassava stem meal (CSM) was substituted for maize at 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to produce five isonitrogenous (45% CP) diets. C. gariepinus fingerlings (mean weight 3.08±0.02g) were randomly distributed into concrete tanks (0.9m3) at 10 fish/tank in triplicates and fed twice daily for 8 weeks. Results showed the highest mean weight gain (1.72±0.01g) and the best food conversion ratio (0.08±0.01) in fish fed diet containing 25% CSM which were significantly different (p<0.05) from other treatments. Fish fed 100% CSM recorded the highest value for protein efficiency ratio which differed significantly (p<0.05) from other treatments. The highest survival rate of (73.3±0.01%) was recorded in fish fed 50% and 100% cassava stem meal inclusion levels while the lowest (33.4±0.01%) was observed in the control diet. The haematological results showed that packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) were significantly different (p<0.05) among treatments. There was an increase in the counts of PCV, white blood cell, Hb, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin while mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration remained constant in all the treatments. The study revealed that 25% substitution rate of maize with cassava stem meal would not have any adverse effect on the growth and blood parameters of catfish. Key words: Cassava stems meal, fish growth, nutrient utilization, haematology, C. gariepinus

Haematological Profiles of Pigs on Different Farms Reflect Their Health Status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Golinar Oven ◽  
Alenka Nemec Svete ◽  
Melita Hajdinjak ◽  
Jan Plut ◽  
Marina Stukelj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

Abstract BackgroundHaematological examination is an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of pig health status. The present study aimed to assess haematological parameters in pigs of different age categories from six farrow-to-finish farms differing in herd health status. The following pig categories were included: 5 age groups of growers (5, 7, 9–10, 11 and 12–13 weeks-old), fatteners and breeding pregnant sows. Individual blood samples for determining complete blood count and white blood cell differential count were taken and group samples of oral fluid and faeces were collected from each animal category in each of the six farms and tested for the detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus (PRRSV), and Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) using PCR, RT-PCR, and qRT-PCR protocols. Individual blood samples were analysed using an automated laser-based haematology analyser. The following haematological parameters were reported: white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (PLT), and percentage and number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and "large unstained cells" - LUCs. ResultsOn farms free of PRRSV, PCV2 and HEV, age had significant effect on the following parameters: WBC, Hb, MCH, MCHC, PLT, percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils and absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and LUCs. On farms with PRRS, PCV2 and/or HEV, age significantly affected all observed blood parameters except the percentage of LUCs. The percentages of lymphocytes, MCV and Hct were significantly lower by PRRSV while WBC, PLT, percentage and absolute number of neutrophils, basophils and LUCs increased. Significantly lower percentages of lymphocytes and increased percentages and absolute numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils were caused by PCV2 presence. Significantly lower percentage of lymphocytes and MCV and increased RBC, Hb, percentage and number of basophils and percentage of neutrophils were caused by HEV. Conclusions Alterations of haematological parameters reflected the health status of pigs of different categories on infected and on non-infected farms. Age-related changes in haematological parameters occurred in clinically healthy and in infected pigs.

scholarly journals Values of Selected Haematological Indicators in Six Species of Feathered Game

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. S3-S8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Straková ◽  
Pavel Suchý ◽  
Romana Kábelová ◽  
František Vitula ◽  
Ivan Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration

The present paper extends the knowledge of selected blood indicators in six species of feathered game such as helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris), common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), chukar (Alectoris chucar), grey partridge (Perdix perdix) and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), reared in the Czech Republic and Europe. The red blood cell (RBC) values in individual species of feathered game ranged as follows: the mean RBC counts varied in a range of 2.10 - 2.58 T/l; haematocrit values were in a range of 0.33 - 0.39 1/1; haemoglobin concentration varied in a range of 101.20 - 129.13 g/l; mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) ranged from 28.63 to 35.44%; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) varied in a range of 46.15 - 62.07 pg and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was 147.66 - 178.20 fl. Except for the total concentration of haemoglobin and the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, no significant differences were found between the mean values of RBC values in individual species of feathered game. However, some differences between species were found in white blood cell (WBC) values, ranging as follows: the total WBC count ranged from 13.55 to 26.90 G/l, basophil granulocytes from 0.011 to 0.110 G/l, eosinophil granulocytes from 0.011 to 0.593 G/l, neutrophil granulocytes from 1.868 to 6.661 G/l, lymphocytes from 10.937 to 20.922 G/l and monocytes from 0.034 to 0.199 G/l. Most values showed significant (P ⪬ 0.05) to highly significant (P ⪬ 0.01) interspecies differences. The main goal of the study was to investigate selected haematological indicators in six major species of feathered game.

scholarly journals Effect of environmental regulated water temperature variations on survival, growth performance and haematology of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Johnny O. Ogunji ◽  
Jude Awoke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

A 56 day study was carried out to evaluate effect of temperature changes on survival, growth performance and haematology of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed housefly maggot meal (magmeal) diet. Ninety (90) Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, (initial mean weight 4.33±0.03g) were subjected to different environmental regulated temperature conditions in three locations (laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse). The observed average temperature was 26.53±0.01°C, 26.06±0.01°C and 31.52±0.00°C for laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse, respectively. Ten fingerlings stocked per experimental tank were fed in triplicates at 5% body weight in two portions per day. It was observed that different water temperatures affected fish growth. All experimental fish in the greenhouse died after 8 days of exposure. This happened around 14.00 hrs when water temperature reached 40°C. There was no significant difference (P<0.5) in final weight, weight gain, food conversion ratio and standard growth rate among the fish reared in the laboratory (26.53°C) and outside tanks (26.06°C), respectively. The initial carcass crude protein (Cp) value was 58.97%. At the end of the experiment fish reared in the laboratory had a crude protein value of 63.97±0.06% Cp and those reared outdoor (26.06°C) had 71.28±0.00% Cp. No significant difference in values of packed cell volume; white blood cell; haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was found between fish reared in laboratory (26.53°C) and outside (26.06°C). However, the red blood cell (RBC); mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume showed significant difference (P>0.05). The result confirms that Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared at a mean temperature of 26°C (within the recorded optimal temperature range for good growth) performed well. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings are not able to survive when water temperature reaches to 40oC.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Biochemical, Hematological And Antioxidant Properties In Mice Exposed To A Triherbal (Nigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra) Formular

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kehinde ◽  
S. M. Adebayo ◽  
A. L. Adesiyan ◽  
E. A. Kade ◽  
K. Gurpreet
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Boswellia Sacra

AbstractNigella sativa, Carica papaya and Boswellia sacra are medicinal plants in the commonly used in folkloric medicine due to the presence of its immense therapeutic properties. Fifty (50) female albino mice weighing between 15-22g were divided into five groups of 10 mice each. Animal in group 1 served as control group and were administered distilled water while animal in group 2 were given 2ml of cisplatin (orally). Animal in group 3-5 were given orally; 100 mg/kg (low dose), 200 mg/kg (medium dose) and 400 mg/kg (high dose) of triherbal preparation. The feeding regimens lasted for 28 days. After 28 days, mammary gland and blood samples were collected for haematological and antioxidant analysis. The triherbal formula decreased the GSH and MDA levels of mice treated with 100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses compare to control. The measurement of total protein content, SOD and CAT increased in treated animals compared to control. However, RBC (Red Blood Cell) counts significantly decreased in the low, medium and high dose groups (0.95±0.08, 6.57±0.08 and 3.55±0.55 x 106 cells/mm3 respectively) compared to control (7.34±0.40) at P<0.05. Also, significant decreases (P<0.05) in the level of the total WBC (White Blood Cell) count, platelet count, PCV (Packed Cell Volume) and Hb (haemoglobin) concentration were observed. The decreases were dose dependent. The MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin) and MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration) except MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) significantly decreased in treated group only. The triherbal formulation exhibited significant antioxidant activities showing increased levels of SOD, CAT and Protein content due to activation of the enzyme involve in detoxification of free radicals and decreased in the level of GSH and MDA due to accumulation of peroxides and H2O2. Also, decreased in haematological parameters due to the presence of phytochemicals such as phenol, resins, saponins, sterols, tannis and terpenes in the triherbal formula. Therefore, it has potential to induce haematotoxicity hence consumption of high concentrations should be discouraged.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anaplasma ovis and its effects on haematology of apparently healthy Sahel goats in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A Preliminary study

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Anaplasma Ovis ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Introduction: Anaplasma ovis is an intraerythrocytic rickettsial pathogen that causes clinical symptoms and huge economic losses in flocks. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and effects of Anaplasma ovis on the haematology of apparently healthy Sahel goats in Maiduguri. Methods: Blood samples were randomly collected from one hundred (100) Sahel goats from both farm and abattoir in the study area. Parasitological and haematological analyses were carried out on the collected samples using a standard technique. Results: Out of 100 goats sampled, seven (7) were positive with an overall prevalence of 7%. The prevalence was higher in the male 5 (5%) than in the female 2 (2%) with no significant association between sexes (p > 0.05). The haematological parameters of infected and uninfected goats were within normal range except for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of infected goats. The MCV of infected and uninfected goats varied significantly (p < 0.05) while the packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular haemoglobin of infected and uninfected goats were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected. Significance: Natural infection in apparently healthy goats in Maiduguri was found not to have an obvious effect on the haematology of the infected animals. There is a need for prevention and control programs against this pathogen in the study area. This, when carried out, will improve the production potential of these animals and economic well-being of the owners.

scholarly journals INDUCTION OF MACROCYTIC-NORMOCHROMIC ANAEMIA IN Clarias gariepinus –Siluriform- EXPOSED TO SUB-LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF 1, 1-DIMETHYL 4, 4-BIPIRIDILLIUM DICHLORIDE (PARAQUAT) UNDER LABPRATORY CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e3789
Author(s):  
Musa Idi-Ogede Abubakar ◽  
Adeshina Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Normochromic Anaemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
L 14 ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

Introduction: Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia was induced in Clarias gariepinus at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days. Experimental fish were exposed to test water separately diluted with sub-lethal concentrations of paraquat of 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09mg/L. 14 days. No in-depth work has been carried out on Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Nigeria. Objective: to evaluate macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of paraquat. Methods: Blood were collected at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days .Results: Blood dyscrasias  was observed with a significant (p<0.05) decrease in haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes and   monocytes. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Neutrophils, Eosinophil and Basophil increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of the toxicant while Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) remained normal. Conclusion: Sublethal concentrations of paraquat induced macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in the exposed Clarias gariepinus.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles-induced cytogenotoxicity and alterations in haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 807-815
Author(s):  
Opeoluwa M Ogunsuyi ◽  
Elizabeth O Adegoye ◽  
Olusegun I Ogunsuyi ◽  
Okunola A Alabi ◽  
Chibuisi G Alimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The application of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in the manufacturing of consumer products has increased tremendously and with the potential to induce deleterious effects on aquatic biota. There have been reports on metal oxide NP toxicity in aquatic organisms, however, information on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of TiO2 NPs on the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is scarce. In this study, we investigated the genotoxicity and haematotoxicity of TiO2 NPs in C. gariepinus using the micronucleus (MN) assay and haematological analysis, respectively. Juvenile C. gariepinus were exposed to 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg L−1 concentrations of TiO2 NPs for 7 and 28 days. Benzene (0.05 mL L−1) and dechlorinated tap water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Data of the MN showed a significant ( p < 0.05) concentration-dependent increase in the frequency of MN at both exposure periods in comparison to negative control. Red blood cells, haematocrit, platelets and heterophils significantly reduced with an increased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and lymphocytes at the 7-day exposure period, while in the 28-day exposure period, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and lymphocytes had a significant increase in comparison with the negative control. This study indicates that TiO2 NPs induced cytogenetic and haematological alterations in C. gariepinus and is of relevance in biodiversity and aquatic health management.

Hematological Changes in Dogs Affected with Canine Babesiosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Bilwal ◽  
G. C. Mandali ◽  
A. C. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Hematological Changes ◽  
Hematological Evaluation

Canine babesiosis caused by tick-borne organisms of the genus Babesia, is one of the most significant disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the haematological changes in dogs naturally infected with Babesia. The hematological evaluation included haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) count, platelets, white blood cell (WBC) count, differential leucocyte count (DLC), packet cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The haematological findings in most of these dogs revealed microcytic hypochromic anaemia, lowered platelet count and 75% cases had 24% decreased PCV. The results of the study showed that Babesia infection in dogs caused anaemia and thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Zinc ameliorates lead toxicity by reducing body Pb burden and restoring Pb-induced haematological and biochemical derangements

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239784732095656
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ike Ugwuja ◽  
Nweze Vincent ◽  
Ikechukwu C Ikaraoha ◽  
Samuel R Ohayi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Background: Studies on nutritional factors, including zinc in ameliorating the deleterious effects of potentially toxic elements have been scarce and the findings have been inconsistent. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative potential of zinc against lead-induced toxicity in rats. Materials and methods: Male albino rats (n = 24) assigned into four groups of six/group: normal control (NC), zinc control (ZnC; 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), lead control (PbC; 50 mg/kg PbCl2) and lead plus zinc (Pb + Zn; 50 mg/kg PbCl2 plus 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), respectively were investigated. All administrations were through oral route and lasted for 42 days after which blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical analyses using standard techniques. Results: Results showed that packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HBC), red blood cell count (RBC) were significant (p < 0.05) reduced while total white blood cell count (TWBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and platelets were significantly elevated in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Also liver and renal function parameters as well as the liver and kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated while antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Concentrations of lead were in the order: blood > liver > kidney in the PbC group. In addition to restoration of the altered parameters, administration of zinc in Pb + Zn group significantly reduced the raised lead concentrations in the plasma and organs. Conclusion: Reduction in body Pb burden and restoration of Pb-induced derangements in haematological and biochemical parameters by Zn strongly support the ameliorative property of Zn against Pb-induced toxicity.

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