scholarly journals Nutritional status and haemoglobin levels of pregnant adolescent girls in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Tihnje Abena Mbah ◽  
Agatha K.N. Tanya ◽  
Julius Oben
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Taux D’Hémoglobine ◽  
Pour Cent ◽  
The City

Recently, there has been so much attention on adolescent health issues such as adolescent pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and Human Immune Virus infections but adolescent pregnancy and nutrition have aroused very little interest. This cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional status of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Three referral hospitals were selected at random for the recruitment of subjects in Yaoundé. Body Mass Index (BMI), hemoglobin level, a 24-hour recall, food frequency and socio–demographic data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Hemoglobin level and BMI were used as dependent variables to evaluate nutritional status. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (ANOVA and student (t) test) with p <0.05. Sixty-two percent (62%) of subjects had a normal BMI, 28 % were overweight, and 10% were obese. Based on ANOVA analysis, Meal frequency, diet quality and the term of pregnancy had significant effect on BMI (p = 0.003<0.05). Diet quality had a significant effect on hemoglobin levels (p = 0.003<0.05). The term of pregnancy, especially at the third trimester, significantly affected BMI due to foetus additional weight. Thus, nutritional status depends on the quantity and quality of food intake. RésuméRécemment, on a accordé tant d’attention aux problèmes de santé des adolescents tels que la grossesse chez les adolescentes, les infections sexuellement transmissibles et les infections à virus immunitaire humain, mais la grossesse et la nutrition des adolescentes ont suscité très peu d’intérêt. Cette étude transversale a été réalisée pour évaluer l’état nutritionnel des adolescents âgés de 15 à 19 ans dans la ville de Yaoundé, au Cameroun. Trois hôpitaux de référence ont été sélectionnés au hasard pour le recrutement des sujets à Yaoundé. L’indice de masse corporelle (IMC), le taux d’hémoglobine, un rappel de 24 heures, la fréquence d’alimentations et les données sociodémographiques ont été recueillis à l’aide d’un questionnaire prétesté. Les taux d’hémoglobine et l’IMC ont été utilisés comme variables dépendantes pour évaluer l’état nutritionnel. Les données ont été analysées en utilisant SPSS 17,0 (ANOVA et test de Student (t)) avec p <0,05. Soixante-deux pour cent (62%) des sujets avaient un IMC normal, 28% étaient en surpoids et 10% étaient obèses. Sur la base d’une analyse ANOVA, la fréquence des repas, la qualité du régime alimentaire et la durée de la grossesse ont eu un effet significatif sur l’IMC (p = 0,003 <0,05). La qualité de l’alimentation avait un effet significatif sur les taux d’hémoglobine (p = 0,003 <0,05). La durée de la grossesse, en particulier au troisième trimestre, a considérablement affecté l’IMC en raison du poids supplémentaire du foetus. Ainsi, l’état nutritionnel dépend de la quantité et de la qualité de l’apport alimentaire.

scholarly journals Determinants of anemia among pregnant women: A hospital based cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3609
Author(s):  
P. Kalpana ◽  
A. Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Segment Cesarean Section ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: The objective was to study the determinants of anemia among pregnant women. There is a negative effect on the health of the mother and as well as that of the child due to anemia in women with pregnancy. Death rate is more in women who are pregnant and having anemia. The objective of this study was to study the determinants of anemia among pregnant women.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 40 pregnant women over a period of six months. Demographic data like age, residence, occupation etc was recorded. Obstetric data like gravida, parity, previous LSCS was also recorded. The data was presented as means and student’s t test was applied.Results: The mean age was 23.43±3.4 years. Majority were young between the ages of 19-22 years. Majority belonged to urban residents i.e. 57.5%. 20% of the subjects were found to be illiterate. Majority of the mothers were housewives i.e. 82.5%. Majority were multi-gravida i.e. 60%. Majority had no history of abortions in the past i.e. 75%. Out of total 19 repeat pregnancies, majority i.e. 84.2% had lower segment cesarean section. Majority reported that they had normal menstrual history. The mean hemoglobin level was found out to be 7.94 gm/dl. It was found that the mean hemoglobin level did not differ significantly across age, residence, education, occupation, gravidity, history of abortions, type of delivery but differed significantly by abnormal menstrual cycle.Conclusions: Mean hemoglobin level was more in women with normal menstrual history compared to those women with abnormal menstrual history and this difference was found out to be statistically significant. Hence abnormal menses should be promptly treated, hemoglobin assessed.

scholarly journals Nutritional Scenario of Adolescent Boys in Dhaka University Campus

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Latfun Nahar ◽  
Nazma Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Selective Schools ◽  
University Laboratory School

A cross sectional study was carried out among the adolescent boys (11-15 years) in two selective schools (University Laboratory School and Udoyan School) in Dhaka University campus to investigate the nutritional and health status as well as socioeconomic condition. Nutritional status was determined anthropometrically and biochemically (hemoglobin estimation). According to the body mass index, two-third of the boys (75.7%) were normal, 15.4% were over-weight and only 8.9% were found to be thinner. The percent prevalence of anemia was 7.1% based on WHO criteria and the mean hemoglobin level was 14.35 g/dl (±1.38). Energy intake of the boys aged 11-12 years met 79.31% of RDA and those of 13-15 years met 76.09% of RDA. Protein intake of all the boys was more than RDA. Dietary intake of vitamin A was more than 90% of RDA. and that for thiamin and niacin was more than RDA. Iron intake was 60.4% and 66.45% of RDA for the two groups of boys. Vitamin C intake was inadequate (46.76% and 36.06% RDA) for the respective group of boys. Nutritional status (anthropometric) is directly associated with expenditure on food. Percentage of thinness decreased as expenditure on food increased. Monthly expenditure on food had significant relation with hemoglobin level of the adolescents. Most of the participants (67 .5%) did not suffer from any disease. Rest of the boys suffered from fever (23.6%), diarrhea (10.9%), common, cold (29.1 %), respiratory infection (9.1 %), measles (3.6%), typhoid (5.5%) and others (18.2%).5

scholarly journals Factors associated with diet quality of older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Império de FREITAS ◽  
Ágatha Nogueira PREVIDELLI ◽  
Marcela Previato do Nascimento FERREIRA ◽  
Karina Maffei MARQUES ◽  
Rita Maria Monteiro GOULART ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the factors associated with diet quality of older adults from the city of São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 295 older adults receiving care in health care units in São Caetano do Sul. Diet quality was assessed using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index. The associations between the diet quality mean score and the socio-demographic, economic, and anthropometric characteristics and lifestyle and health conditions were verified using multiple linear regression. Results Lower diet quality mean score were associated with the variables: marital status (widowed or separated) (β=-2.02; p=0.047), retired (β=-4.24; p=0.034), and smoking (β=-8.06; p=0.001); whereas higher diet quality mean score were associated with higher education level (9 years or more) (β=3.49; p=0.013). Conclusion Individuals with higher education level had better diet quality, and those who were widowed or separated, retired, and smokers had worse diet quality indicating that socio-demographic, economic, and lifestyle are factors that can influence food choice of older adults.

scholarly journals Association of Smoking-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) with Nutritional Status and Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijaz ul Haq ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Haifeng Xu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Plan

Background. Smoking is the second leading cause of death. Limited studies are available about smoking and overall diet quality. The current study was aimed at finding an association of s-KAP (smoking-related knowledge, attitude, and practices) with nutritional status and diet quality. Methodology. The current study was a cross-sectional community-based study conducted in Jurong city, China. Validated questionnaires were used for the collection of data regarding s-KAP and dietary intake. Correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis were used for the association of s-KAP scores with diet quality scores and nutritional status. Results. The total numbers of participants were 7998 with a mean age of 59.3±11.4 years, including 38.5% males and 41.5% females. s-KAP scores were categorized into two groups, i.e., High s-KAP group and low s-KAP group. The High s-KAP group had significantly higher (P<0.05) diet scores and BMI but lower (P<0.05) WC (waist circumference) and WHR (waist to hip ratio) than the Low s-KAP group. Independent positive association (P<0.05) of s-KAP scores with diet scores was observed after the adjustment for age, gender, physical activity, alcohol consumptions, monthly income, and anthropometric measures (BMI, WC, and WHR). Similarly, smoking was positively associated (P<0.05) with diet scores after adjustment for covariates. Conclusion. In conclusion, the higher s-KAP scores indicated more knowledge regarding the harmful consequences of the smoking outcomes, positive attitude, less smoking practices, and having a good plan to quit smoking. Individuals with high s-KAP scores had good diet quality and lower adiposity measures. Furthermore, s-KAP scores and smoking status were having an independent positive association with diet scores.

Assessing nutritional status in a cohort of liver cirrhosis outpatients: A prospective cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Rebecca Luong ◽  
Marcellinus Kim ◽  
Alice Lee ◽  
Sharon Carey
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Malnutrition impairs prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). There is limited research exploring the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with LC in an Australian population and in outpatient settings. Aims: One aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with LC in an outpatient liver clinic at a tertiary metropolitan hospital in Sydney, Australia, and explore other factors that may be associated with malnutrition. The second aim was to compare different versions of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the nutritional status of 42 prospectively recruited participants by SGA, SGA modified for liver disease (SGA-LD) and patient-generated SGA (PG-SGA). Anthropometric measures and handgrip strength (HGS) were also measured for comparison. Clinical and demographic data were compared with nutritional status. Results: SGA, SGA-LD and PG-SGA yielded the same prevalence of malnutrition of 40% with very good agreement (kappa value = 1.00). Malnourished patients had a lower median HGS% of normal than those who were well-nourished. Malnourished patients also had anthropometric measurements trending towards the lower percentiles of a healthy population. Nutritional status was significantly associated with ethnicity ( p = 0.02) and PG-SGA score ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The present study showed that nearly half of our study population were malnourished (40%). Thus, nutrition intervention in terms of nutrition support could improve patient outcomes. It appears that the standard SGA is suitable to assess nutritional status in patients in the early stages of LC compared to more time-consuming SGA versions.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Analisis Korespondensi Berganda Terhadap Status Gizi Remaja di Kota Banda Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Zurnila Marli Kesuma ◽  
Siti Rusdiana ◽  
Asep Rusyana ◽  
Latifah Rahayu ◽  
Romi Rosadi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City ◽  
Banda Aceh

This study aimed to determine factors related to the nutritional status of adolescents in the city of BandaAceh. Cross sectional study was conducted through interview using questionnaires regarding nutritionalstatus, knowledge and income of parents. Correspondence analysis was used to determinefactors relatedto adolescent nutritional status.. The results revealed that the adolescents with normal nutritional statustend to have good knowledge and good diet. Key words : multiple correspondence analysis, diet, knowledge, adolescent nutritional status Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi remajadi kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesionermengenai status gizi, pengetahuan dan pendapatan orang tua. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yangberhubungan dengan status gizi remaja, digunakan analisis korespondensi. Hasil plot korespondensimenunjukkan bahwa, remaja dengan status gizi normal cenderung memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dandiet yang baik. Kata kunci : korespondensi berganda, uji Khi-kuadrat, status gizi remaja.

scholarly journals Oral Candidiasis and Nutritional Status in Hospitalized Aged Patients: A Cross-sectional Study in Cuenca-Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Yadira Lucía Piedra-Bravo ◽  
Lorena Esperanza Encalada Torres ◽  
Johanna Alexandra Piedra Bravo ◽  
Diego Mauricio Bravo-Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) is an opportunistic fungal disease related to various local and systemic factors. Hospitalized aged patients are considered susceptible hosts with several adverse clinical outcomes, including OC and undernutrition. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral candidiasis among hospitalized aged patients who attended on the inpatient units of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and Jose Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of Cuenca-Ecuador. And also, to evaluate the association between OC and nutritional status in hospitalized aged patients. Methods and materials: This study was performed with two hundred and twenty subjects; convenience sampling was applied for seven months. Demographic data were collected by a questionnaire. OC diagnosis was accomplished by oral examination; clinical lesions suggestive were analyzed with swabbed culture tests. OC was diagnosed when patients exhibited oral suggestive lesions synchronously with positive culture results. Nutritional assessment was performed with Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) system. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM_SPSS-20 software; associations were analyzed using Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test, and multiple logistic regression. For all tests, ???? ≤ 0.05 was considered as a statistically significant result. Results: Out of 220 hospitalized aged patients, 62 (28.1%) were diagnosed with oral candidiasis. The mean age was 78.3±7.8 years The Demographic/clinical variables (sex, age, residence area, education, use of dental prostheses) indicated no correlation with oral candidiasis. Nutritional variables (hypoalbuminemia and severe undernutrition were significantly correlated with oral candidiasis (p=0.009; p=0.007). Conclusions: 28.1 % of the hospitalized aged patients had oral candidiasis. Hypoalbuminemia and severe undernutrition are risk factors associated with oral candidiasis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dynapenia in the elderly in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Maffei Marques ◽  
Marcela Previato do Nascimento Ferreira ◽  
Tatiana Império de Freitas ◽  
Rita Maria Monteiro Goulart ◽  
Rita de Cássia de Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The City

Abstract Introduction: Aging is characterized by psychological, social, nutritional and biological changes, among which dynapenia stands out. Objective: To analyze the presence of dynapenia and associated factors in elderly people living in the city of São Caetano do Sul. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 295 elderly individuals aged 60 years or older, who were users of public health units in the city of São Caetano do Sul. Dynapenia was assessed by handgrip strength, and its associations were investigated using multivariate logistic regression, according to sociodemographic variables, nutritional status, protein consumption, presence of diseases, and physical activity. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM-SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) software. The adopted level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: Most of the participants were female (n = 251), with mean age of 70.6 years (± 7.0). The presence of dynapenia was observed in 24.07% (n = 71), among which 47 were women (18.73%) and 24 were men (54.55%). Observed associations concerned older age, male sex, lower circumference of the arm and calf, and lower triceps skinfold (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Approximately one-fourth of the elderly studied presented dynapenia, which represents a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. The inclusion of PPF alongside other anthropometric measures for assessing nutritional status is recommended. It is important for public policies to be directed towards health promotion and risk prevention in this age group.

scholarly journals Social and demographic inequalities in diet quality in a population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela de ASSUMPÇÃO ◽  
Semíramis Martins Álvares DOMENE ◽  
Regina Mara FISBERG ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo BARROS
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
The City

Objective : To evaluate sociodemographic inequalities in the diet quality of the urban population of the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was performed using data from a health survey conducted in the city of Campinas in 2008-2009. Diet quality was evaluated using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised. A total of 3,382 individuals aged 10 years old and older were analyzed. Results : Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised scores increased with age and education level. Women consumed more vegetables, fruits, and milk, and less sodium, meat and eggs, oils, saturated and solid fats, alcohol, and added sugars than men. Scores for whole grains, vegetables, and fruits also increased with age and education level. Conclusion: These findings point to sociodemographic segments that are more vulnerable to an inappropriate diet and identify the need of strategies to increase the consumption of whole grains, dark green vegetables, fruits, and milk, and decrease the consumption of sodium, solid fats, alcohol, and added sugar.

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