Oral Candidiasis and Nutritional Status in Hospitalized Aged Patients: A Cross-sectional Study in  Cuenca-Ecuador

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) is an opportunistic fungal disease related to various local and systemic factors. Hospitalized aged patients are considered susceptible hosts with several adverse clinical outcomes, including OC and undernutrition. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral candidiasis among hospitalized aged patients who attended on the inpatient units of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and Jose Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of Cuenca-Ecuador. And also, to evaluate the association between OC and nutritional status in hospitalized aged patients. Methods and materials: This study was performed with two hundred and twenty subjects; convenience sampling was applied for seven months. Demographic data were collected by a questionnaire. OC diagnosis was accomplished by oral examination; clinical lesions suggestive were analyzed with swabbed culture tests. OC was diagnosed when patients exhibited oral suggestive lesions synchronously with positive culture results. Nutritional assessment was performed with Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) system. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM_SPSS-20 software; associations were analyzed using Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test, and multiple logistic regression. For all tests, ???? ≤ 0.05 was considered as a statistically significant result. Results: Out of 220 hospitalized aged patients, 62 (28.1%) were diagnosed with oral candidiasis. The mean age was 78.3±7.8 years The Demographic/clinical variables (sex, age, residence area, education, use of dental prostheses) indicated no correlation with oral candidiasis. Nutritional variables (hypoalbuminemia and severe undernutrition were significantly correlated with oral candidiasis (p=0.009; p=0.007). Conclusions: 28.1 % of the hospitalized aged patients had oral candidiasis. Hypoalbuminemia and severe undernutrition are risk factors associated with oral candidiasis.

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Effect Of Maternal Growth Monitoring Knowledge On Stunting, Wasting And Underweight Among Children 0-18 Months In Tamale Metropolis Of Ghana

10.21203/rs.2.16457/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Bukari ◽

Muzamil Mohammed Abubakari ◽

Mohammed Majeed ◽

Abdul-Razak Abizari ◽

Anthony Wemakor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Tamale Metropolis ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Abstract This study sought to assess maternal growth monitoring knowledge and its effect on stunting, wasting and underweight among children 0-18 months in the Tamale Metropolis. An analytical cross-sectional study design, involving 340 mother-child pairs randomly selected from 4 health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis, was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and maternal growth monitoring knowledge. Weight and length of children were taken to assess nutritional status (stunting, underweight and wasting). Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the association between maternal growth monitoring knowledge level and child nutritional status.This study sought to assess maternal growth monitoring knowledge and its effect on stunting, wasting and underweight among children 0-18 months in the Tamale Metropolis. An analytical cross-sectional study design, involving 340 mother-child pairs randomly selected from 4 health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis, was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and maternal growth monitoring knowledge. Weight and length of children were taken to assess nutritional status (stunting, underweight and wasting). Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the association between maternal growth monitoring knowledge level and child nutritional status.

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Comparison of Portuguese and Turkish older adults’ nutritional status assessed by MNA-FF

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120005686 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno M. P. M. Oliveira ◽

Meryem Elif Öztürk ◽

Rui Poínhos ◽

Cláudia Afonso ◽

Nurcan Yabancı Ayhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Calf Circumference ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractMalnutrition is associated to a progressive decline in health, reduced physical and cognitive functional status and mortality. However, the malnutrition prevalence differs across countries. Previous studies reported 19% of malnourished elderly in Turkey and 1.3% in Portugal.We aimed to compare the nutritional status between between Portuguese and Turkish older adults using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment.This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Pronutrisenior project, collected in Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal (n = 430), and a study in Ankara, Turkey (n = 162). The sample consisted of older adults living at their homes. Socio-demographic data, clinical data from the medical records, the full form of Mini-Nutrititional Assessment, MNA-FF and anthropometry (weight, height, BMI, mid-arm circumference and calf circumference) were collected.Turkish older adults lived more frequently with children, are more likely to be widow/widower, and have a higher probability of being housewife/househusband. A larger proportion of the Portuguese have tooth loss, diabetes, hypertension, oncologic diseases, kidney diseases, osteoarticular problems, or eye problems and a larger proportion of the Turkish have anemia. The BMI average is smaller in the Turkish sample, while the calf circumference average is larger. Turkish have a larger proportion of malnourished or at risk of malnutrition (4.9% and 31.5% vs. 1.2% and 24.0%, respectively). The average MNA-FF score is higher among the Portuguese, males and on people using denture, and without: toothloss, hypertension, CVD, anemia and oncological diseases. Moreover, higher MNA-FF scores were associated with younger ages, higher BMI and higher calf circumference.The effect size was larger for CVD and sex.The prevalence of malnutrition in European and American populations ranges from 1% to 15% in ambulatory living elders, more common among females as in this work. Other studies showed that higher BMI is related with lower malnutrition prevalence and higher prevalence of obesity-related chronic diseases. Tooth loss was more frequent in the Portuguese, which may be due to a higher intake of sweets or packaged food. Portuguese elders had lower calf circumferences but higher BMI, which may be related to lower muscle mass and/or higher fat mass. The differences between the Portuguese and the Turkish may be related to the different per capita gross national product, positively correlated with BMI and the consumption of processed foods. Anemia in Turkish elders may be related with BMI and their lower consumption of meat and the higher tea intake that may reduce iron absorption, as reported by other studies.

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Apetite e sintomas de impacto nutricional de mulheres com câncer ginecológico

Abr-Jun - Braspen Journal ◽

10.37111/braspenj.2020351006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

Maria Claudia Bernardes Spexoto ◽

Gesieli Aparecida da Silva ◽

Lígia Zampieri de Brito ◽

Mariana dos Santos Murra ◽

Ricardo Reis

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Clinical Variables ◽

Treatment Naïve

Introduction: Changes in appetite are common and worrying in cancer patients and significantly impact nutritional status. This study aimed to verify the relationship among appetite/symptoms and the sociodemographic, clinical and nutritional status of women diagnosed with gynecological cancer without antineoplastic treatment treated at Barretos Cancer Hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample design, conducted between January and September 2017. This study comprised sociodemographic, clinical, nutritional status and appetite/ symptoms. Nutritional assessment was performed using the body mass index (BMI) and the PatientGenerated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). To assess appetite and symptoms, the Cancer Appetite and Symptom Questionnaire (CASQ) instrument was used. For associations of interest, the chi-square test was used. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: 171 women with a mean age of 52.32 ± 14.95 years participated, most of them diagnosed with cervical cancer (56.6%). Although the predominance in this study is women with moderate appetite/symptom impairment, it was not related to sociodemographic and clinical variables, nor was it associated with nutritional status assessed by BMI. However, a significant association was found between appetite/symptoms and nutritional status assessed by PG-SGA (p = 0.033). Conclusion: Appetite impairment and presence of symptoms were not related to the sociodemographic and clinical variables studied in women diagnosed with treatment-naive gynecological cancer. Significant association was found between CASQ and nutritional status assessed by PG-SGA.

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Hubungan Tingkat Kemandirian dalam Melakukan Aktivitas Kehidupan Sehari-Hari dan Status Gizi pada Usia Lanjut di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v5i1.469 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Afifah Alfyanita ◽

Rose Dinda Martini ◽

Husnil Kadri

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Daily Living ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

AbstrakPeningkatan Usia Harapan Hidup (UHH) penduduk Indonesia mengakibatkan peningkatan populasi usia lanjut (usila). Peningkatan usila berdampak terutama pada peningkatan angka ketergantungan dalam melakukan Aktivitas Kehidupan Sehari-hari (AKS). Penurunan tingkat kemandirian dalam melakukan AKS adalah salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi usila. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan tingkat kemandirian dalam melakukan AKS dan status gizi usia lanjut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional study dan menggunakan kuisioner ADL Barthel dan Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) sebagai instrumen. Sebanyak 66 sampel diambil dari seluruh penghuni Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data berupa hasil tingkat kemandirian dan status gizi dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Dari 66 subjek penelitian terdapat 36 usila (54,5%) tidak mandiri dalam melakukan AKS dan 39 usila (59,1%) memiliki status gizi berisiko malnutrisi. Uji chi-square menunjukkan nilai p adalah 0,015 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat kemandirian dalam melakukan AKS dan status gizi pada usia lanjut di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin.Kata kunci: tingkat kemandirian, aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari, status gizi, usia lanjut AbstractThe increasing of life expectancy at Indonesia's population may lead to an increase in the elderly population. The main impact of this condition is the increasing of elderly dependency in performing Activity of Daily Living (ADL). Decreased level of independence in performing ADL is one of the factors that affect the nutritional status of elderly. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of independence in performing ADL and nutritional status of elderly.This research was an observational analytical study which designed as cross-sectional study. The instruments of this research were Barthel ADL and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). 66 samples were taken from all the inhabitants of Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin who fulfill the inclusion criteria. The results of the level of independence and nutritional status were analyzed using chi-square test, with a degree of confidence of 95%. Of the 66 subjects there were 36 elderly (54.5%) not independent in performing ADL and 39 elderly (59.1%) were at risk of malnutrition. Chi-square test showed p value 0,015 (p<0.05).The conclusion is the significant relationship between the level of independence in performing ADL and nutritional status of the elderly in Social House Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih. Keywords: level of independence, performing Activity of Daily Living , nutritional status, elderly

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The importance of dysphagia screening and nutritional assessment in hospitalized patients

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082018ao4189 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patrícia Amaro Andrade ◽

Carolina Araújo dos Santos ◽

Heloísa Helena Firmino ◽

Carla de Oliveira Barbosa Rosa

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Global Assessment ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

The Body ◽

Subjective Global Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knee Height

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine frequency of dysphagia risk and associated factors in hospitalized patients as well as to evaluate nutritional status by using different methods and correlate the status with scores of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 909 inpatients of a philanthropic hospital. For the diagnosis of dysphagia we used an adapted and validated Brazilian version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). The nutritional status was evaluated through the subjective global assessment, and anthropometric measurements included weight, calf and arm circumference, and knee height. The Mann-Whitney test, associations using the Pearson’s χ2 and Spearman’s correlation were used to verify differences between the groups. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia risk was 10.5%, and aging was the associated factor with this condition. Patients at risk presented lower values of arm and calf circumference, variables that correlated inversely with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) score. Malnutrition was observed in 13.2% of patients based on the subjective global assessment and in 15.2% based on the Body Mass Index. Conclusion: Screening for dysphagia and malnutrition should be introduced in hospitals routine to avoid or minimize damages caused by dysphagia or malnutrition, especially among older people.

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A year of hepatocellular carcinoma at a glance. Demographics, biochemical and radiological characteristics and treatment modalities from a specialized facility of Pakistan

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.826 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Laima Alam

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Tumour Staging ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Team Meetings ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ct

Objectives:Relation of demographics of hepatocellular-carcinoma with the aetiology.Tumour characteristics in relation to anti-viral therapy and presence of viral-DNA/RNATreatment modalities offeredMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled all the patients aged 18-70 years with diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma either through Triphasic Contrast-Enhanced-CT scan and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging or biopsy presenting to the Outpatient-Department or multi-disciplinary-team meetings for the year 2019. Demographic variables, biochemical analysis including liver profile and stage of cirrhosis, viral-status, tumour staging and the treatment modalities offered were all noted. ANOVA (normal) and Kruskal-Wallis (non-normal) tests were used to compare quantitative data whereas chi-square-test and fisher-exact-test were used to compare qualitative-data.Results: Out of 195 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 76% were males in their fifth to sixth decades of life, 96% had cirrhosis, 94% corresponded to viral hepatocellular-carcinoma (82% Hepatitis-C-Virus, 9% Hepatitis-B-Virus and 3% coinfection), 60% of the cirrhotics landed in Child-Pugh A category with tumour staging BCLC-B being the predominant one (43.6%) and single and multiple bilateral nodules were the commonest lesions encountered. Platelets and Alanine-Transaminase had a significant relation across aetiological groups. Lymph-nodes were the most common extra-hepatic organs for metastasis and the presence of viral PCR had a significant impact on the tumour aggressiveness. Thirty-two percent of the patients were amenable to curative treatment.Conclusion: Viral infection is the main cause of rising prevalence of this tumour in Pakistan. Treatment modalities are expensive and expertise are lacking. A nationwide cancer registry is required for the exact disease burden and tumour behaviour for our population. Continuous....

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Association between Food Intake and Overweight in Children Assisted by Primary Care

The Open Nursing Journal ◽

10.2174/1874434602115010305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 305-312

Author(s):

Erivelton Sousa Lima ◽

Amanda de Castro Amorim Serpa Brandão ◽

Antonio Luiz Gomes Junior ◽

Luana kelle Batista Moura ◽

Gerardo Vasconcelos Mesquita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Food Intake ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Food Groups ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: The child feed in the first two years of life is of fundamental importance for a healthy growth and development. Aims: To verify the association between food consumption indicators and overweight in children under the age of two, followed up by primary care health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 children assisted by primary care. A structured questionnaire was used with questions on sociodemographic data of mothers or guardians and food intake and anthropometric data of children. The analysis of the association between excess weight and food intake indicators was performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher’s exact test (f ˂ 5). Results: Regarding food intake in children under 6 months of age, 35.1% of the children were exclusively breastfed. Among children at the age of 6 to 23 months: 66.3% were on continued breastfeeding; 16.7% consumed adequate foods at the age of 6 to 8 months; 90.4% consumed foods that belonged to the six food groups; 76.3% consumed food at the minimum frequency and with adequate consistency; 88.9% consumed iron-rich and vitamin A-rich foods, and 59.3% consumed ultra-processed foods. Regarding nutritional status, 24.5% of the children were overweight. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between overweight and food consumption indicators among the surveyed children. However, exclusive breastfeeding was below the recommended level, a low percentage of the introduction of complementary foods at the appropriate age and high consumption of ultra-processed foods reveal the need to improve the assistance provided by primary care to this group.

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The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1177/1465312519839713 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142

Author(s):

Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽

Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽

Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽

Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽

Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Educational Background ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Maxillary Central Incisor ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

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Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

Journal of Pathogens ◽

10.1155/2018/5257926 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽

Danjuma B. Dantala ◽

Paul A. Shinggu ◽

Umesi A. Dike ◽

Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

The Public ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Males And Females ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

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Nutritional status of 1-5 years children in the urban slum area of Jagdalpur city, Bastar region, Chhattisgarh

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180779 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 1172

Author(s):

Q. H. Khan ◽

Garima Arora ◽

Susheel Kumar Nalli

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

High Level

Background: Nutritional status is the best indicator of the child health. Malnutrition has both short and long term adverse ramifications. As per NFHS III 47% children are stunted in the state of Chhattisgarh. However still many communities in the tribal dominated and naxal affected state may remain affected, hence the study was planned to identify the nutritional status of children and find out its determinant.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted among 12-59 months children in the urban slum of Jagdalpur city, Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. Predesigned and pretested questionnaire was administered to the caregiver of the child, information on socio-demographic characteristics was obtained and anthropometric measurements were taken. Statistical Analysis: all frequencies were derived for completeness of data. WHO Anthro Software version 3.1.0 was used to classify the malnutrition status. Chi-square test was applied to find association between dependent variables.Results: Out of 225 children 53.3% were boys and 46.7% were girls. The overall prevalence of underweight stunting and wasting was 28.4%, 41.3%, and 19.1% respectively.Conclusions: Prevalence of underweight has reduced in the district over a period of years. However high level of stunting, a sign of chronic hunger points towards the pivotal role of socio-demographic and behavioral practices prevalent in the district. Interaction with health system in the form of ANC, institutional delivery and safeguarding effective 100% immunization coverage has shown preventive effect.

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