scholarly journals Durability properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) incorporating cassava peel ash (CPA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-590
Author(s):  
M.T. Abdulwahab ◽  
O.A.U. Uche
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Natural Decomposition ◽  
Cassava Peels ◽  
Cassava Peel

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable concrete with enhanced strength and surface finish. The production of SCC requires high content of Portland cement (PC), which in turn consumes a lot of energy and emits greenhouse gases like CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere during its production. Also, environmental pollution arising from agricultural wastes such as cassava peels, groundnut shells, is a cause of concern. Cassava processing centres alone generate approximately 40 million tons of wastes per annum in Nigeria, while attempts to eliminate them through burning or natural decomposition is sometimes unsuccessful. It is important to reduce the CO2 emission during the production of PC and environmental pollution caused by cassava peels through partial replacement of cement in the SCC. This study assesses the durability properties of SCC produced with cassava peel ash (CPA) at 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 % and 25 % replacement level of cement. The effects of water absorption, acid (H2SO4) and salt (MgSO4) attack and elevated temperature were investigated on the CPA-SCC specimens. It was revealed that the CPA improves the resistance to H2SO4 and MgSO4 degradation while the performance is poor when subjected to elevated temperature compared to the control specimen. Also, an optimum of 5% cement replacement is recommended for grade 35 compressive strength of CPA-SCC. However, the rate of water absorption reduced to a minimum when CPA is used in SCC as a result of an improved pore structure of the CPA-SCC specimen.

scholarly journals Durability Properties of Five Years Aged Lightweight Concretes Containing Rubber Aggregates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika Medine ◽  
Habib Trouzine ◽  
José Barroso De Aguiar ◽  
Aissa Asroun
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Rubber Aggregates

Scrap tyres are one of the most important wastes. They can be used in different ways because of their availability and their non-degradable nature. This paper aims to demonstrate their reuse through durability properties experimental assessment of lightweight concretes aged five years, incorporating rubber aggregates as partial replacement of 5%, 7.5% and 10% of coarse/fine and coarse aggregates. The effect of the rubber aggregates on the lightweight concretes durability has been analysed. Firstly, the water absorption was evaluated, and then the mass losses were measured through many tests: freeze-thaw, elevated temperature and attack by Na2SO4 and HCl solutions. Wetting-drying cycles were carried out in order to accelerate the aging of the studied lightweight concretes and to reduce the tests duration. It has been observed that the water absorption decreased with small rubber content. The mass losses of the mixes were almost depending on rubber aggregates content and size, and the exposures duration.

scholarly journals Durability Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Crumb Rubber, Fly Ash and Calcium Carbide Waste

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Sylvia Kelechi ◽  
Musa Adamu ◽  
Abubakar Mohammed ◽  
Yasser Ibrahim ◽  
Ifeyinwa Obianyo
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Calcium Carbide ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Acid Attack ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties

Waste tire disposal continues to pose a threat to the environment due to its non-biodegradable nature. Therefore, some means of managing waste tires include grinding them to crumb rubber (CR) sizes and using them as a partial replacement to fine aggregate in concrete. However, the use of CR has a series of advantages, but its major disadvantage is strength reduction. This leads to the utilization of calcium carbide waste (CCW) to mitigate the negative effect of CR in self-compacting concrete (SCC). This study investigates the durability properties of SCC containing CR modified using fly ash and CCW. The durability properties considered are water absorption, acid attack, salt resistance, and elevated temperature of the mixes. The experiment was conducted for mixes with no-fly ash content and their replica mixes containing fly ash to replace 40% of the cement. In the mixes, CR was used to partially replace fine aggregate in proportions of 0%, 10%, and 20% by volume, and CCW was used as a partial replacement to cement at 0%, 5%, and 10% by volume. The results indicate that the mixes containing fly ash had higher resistance to acid (H2SO4) and salt (MgSO4), with up to 23% resistance observed when compared to the mix containing no fly ash. In addition, resistance to acid attack decreased with the increase in the replacement of fine aggregate with CR. The same principle applied to the salt attack scenario, although the rate was more rapid with the acid than the salt. The results obtained from heating indicate that the weight loss was reduced slightly with the increase in CCW, and was increased with the increase in CR and temperature. Similarly, the compressive strength was observed to slightly increase at room temperature (27 °C) and the greatest loss in compressive strength was observed between the temperature of 300 and 400 °C. However, highest water absorption, of 2.83%, was observed in the mix containing 20% CR, and 0% CCW, while the lowest water absorption, of 1.68%, was found in the mix with 0% CR, 40% fly ash, and 10% CCW. In conclusion, fly ash is recommended for concrete structures immersed in water, acid, or salt in sulphate- and magnesium-prone areas; conversely, fly ash and CR reduce the resistance of SCC to heat beyond 200 °C.

scholarly journals A review on study of partial replacement of cement by metakaolin and glenium b233 in self- compacting concrete.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazrin Fathima Fazil M ◽  
C.J. Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Kaolin Clay ◽  
Fresh Properties ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Super Plasticizer ◽  
New Generation

        Self-compacting concrete (SCC) refers to high strength concrete which will compact under its own weight and does not require external vibration. This paper gives a review on the journals to study the effect of metakaoiln in SCC. The metakaolin is used as a replacement of cement and it is obtained from natural Kaolin clay. Metakaolin helps to increase the compressive strength, spilt tensile strength, flexural strength and also the fresh properties. The use super plasticizer greatly improves pump-ability and the slump value. GLENIUM B233 is a new generation based super plasticizer which is based on modified polycarboxylic ether. The fresh properties such as pump ability and workability and the durability properties of super plasticizer in SCC with metakaolin are discussed. Keywords: Self-Compacting Concrete, Metakaolin, GLENIUM B233, Superplasticizer, Polycarboxylic Ether

scholarly journals Durability Properties Of M60 GradeSelf-Compacting Concrete With Partial Replacement Of Cement by GGBS, Lime Powder and Metakaolin

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7717-7720
Keyword(s):  
Cement Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Super Plasticizer ◽  
Acid Environment ◽  
Lime Powder ◽  
Passing Ability

In this investigation the Durability Properties of M60 grade Self compacting concrete (SCC) with partial replacement of cement by GGBS, Lime powder, and Metakaolin. Five mixes were prepared at 25% replacement of cement content with different admixture (.i.e.M1, M2, M3, M4&M5) at 0.34 w/c ratio and 1% super plasticizer dosage by cement content for maintaining required workability. Filling and passing ability were found out by slump test, V-funnel, L-box and U-box before casting the specimens. In this investigation M60 grade designed by means of Nansu method by fulfilling EFNARC guidelines for SCC. Durability properties tested under acid environment with H2SO4 and HCl and Sulphate environment with MgSO4 and Na2SO4 at curing period of 28 days. In this investigation the Lime-powder based mixes shows high durability comparatively to Metakaolin as well as addition of GGBS maintained sufficient compressive strengths

scholarly journals Replacing Maize With Cassava Peels Om Finisher Ration Of Cockerels, The Effects On Cut-up Pieces Of The Eviscerated Carcass

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A. B. J Aina
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Economic Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Cassava Peels ◽  
Cassava Peel

The effects of partial replacement maize with the graded levels of sundried cassava peels in the finisher ration of cockerels on the yields of various cut-up pieces of eviscerated carcass were determined  in a 7-week study using 2,835 13-week old cockerels of Isa White breed. Seven finisher rations containing 0, 5, 10, 20, 25 and 30% sundried peels were respectively given to a group of 405 cockerels. The results showed that the birds fed 25% and 30% cassava peel rations had the least response in terms of body weight and eviscerated weight. The proportions of head, shank and viscera were significantly higher in the cockerels fed those rations than those fed with lower grades. This indicates that 25  and 30%  cassava peel rations induced the development of inedible offals at the expense of edible meat. Finisher ration containing 20% cassava peels supplied the optimum nutrients for optimum optimum performance in terms of eviscerated yield, growth, body weight and feed conversion efficiency beyond which these parameters started to decline. The results also showed that the low cost of production of cockerels fed rations of cassava peels (30%) overcompensated for the drop in performance, Including 20% cassava peels in the cockerel finisher ration for optimum edible meat yield and 30% cassava peels for the potential economic gain is therefore recommended.

The Effect of Bottom Ash on Fresh Characteristic, Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Self-Compacting Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norul Ernida Zainal Abidin ◽  
Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Norwati Jamaluddin ◽  
Kartini Kamaruddin ◽  
Ahmad Farhan Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Slump Flow ◽  
Test Result

Bottom ash is a solid residue produced through combustion process in a coal-fired power plant. It has been catogarized as a waste and usually disposed in the utility disposed site. With higher demand on the power energy, more coal-power plant are constructed and abundance of bottom ash are produced. Recently, the utilization of bottom ash in the construction industry has gained the interest of researches. Since it has similiar particle size distribution as normal sand, many attempt has been made in studying it potential use in mortar and concrete. In complementary to that, this paper presents the effect of bottom ash on fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC). Bottom ash is used as fine aggregate replacing sand with replacement ratio range from 0% to 30% by volume. The effects of bottom ash on the SCC were investigated by comparing the test result of SCC mixed bottom ash with control specimens (0% of bottom ash). The test result on fresh properties of the concrete mixture revealed that, as the replacement level of bottom ash increased, the slump flow, L-box passing ratio and segregation resistance ratio (SR) decreased. Nevertheless, the slump flow time (T500) result increased with the increased of bottom ash content. The results show that the porosity and the irregular shape of the bottom ash particle has great influence on workability and viscosity of the fresh concete. The compressive strength and water absorption test are carried out on the sample at curing time of 7 and 28days. In terms of strength, the use of bottom ash in the production of SCC has increased the compressive strength of the concrete up to 15% replacement level. The increase in strength show the presence of the pozzolanic reactivity in a concrete with bottom ash particle. The water absorption rate was observed to be lower with a sample which having 10% and 15% replacement level.

scholarly journals Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Compressive Strength and Durability Properties of Crumb Rubber Engineered Cementitious Composite

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3516
Author(s):  
Bashar S. Mohammed ◽  
Lee Yin Yen ◽  
Sani Haruna ◽  
Michael Lim Seng Huat ◽  
Isyaka Abdulkadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Cementitious Composite ◽  
Explosive Spalling ◽  
Engineered Cementitious Composite ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Strength And Durability

This paper reports the findings of the effect of elevated temperature on the compressive strength and durability properties of crumb rubber engineered cementitious composite (CR-ECC). The CR-ECC has been tested for its compressive strength and chemical resistance test against acid and sulphate attack. Different proportions of crumb rubber (CR) in partial replacement to the fine aggregate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber have been utilized from 0 to 5% and 0 to 2%. The experiments were designed based on a central composite design (CCD) technique of response surface methodology (RSM). After 28 days curing, the samples were preconditioned and exposed to high temperatures of 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C for one hour. Although the residual compressive strength of CR-ECC was negatively affected by elevated temperature, no explosive spalling was noticed for all mixes, even at 1000 °C. Results indicated that CR-ECC experiences slight weight gain and a reduction in strength when exposed to the acidic environment. Due to the reduced permeability, CR-ECC experienced less effect when in sulphate environment. The response models were generated and validated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The difference between adjusted R-squared and predicted R-squared values for each model was less than 0.2, and they possess at least a 95% level of confidence.

scholarly journals The Strength Behavior of Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Bottom Ash as Partial Replacement to Fine Aggregate

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 916-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norul Ernida Zainal Abidin ◽  
Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Norwati Jamaluddin ◽  
Kartini Kamaruddin ◽  
Ahmad Farhan Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Set Up

Self-compacting concrete which commonly abbrevited as SCC is a special concrete that have the ability to consilodate fully under its own self-weight without any internal or external vibration. This paper presents the experimental investigation carried out to study the strength of self-compacting concrete incorporating bottom ash at different replacement level of natural sand. The composite cement was used and the replacement level of bottom ash to natural sand is set up to 30% by volume. The strength properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete at the age of 7 and 28 days of curing day were conducted. Results shows that the strength of the concrete with bottom ash increased up to replacement level 15% higher than control specimens. This show that bottom ash can be used as supplimentary cementitious materials, having the pozzolanic reactivty.

scholarly journals Use of Rice Husk-Bark Ash in Producing Self-Compacting Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumrerng Rukzon ◽  
Prinya Chindaprasirt
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Rice Husk Bark Ash ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents the use of blend of Portland cement with rice husk-bark ash in producing self-compacting concrete (SCC). CT was partially replaced with ground rice husk-bark ash (GRHBA) at the dosage levels of 0%–40% by weight of binder. Compressive strength, porosity, chloride penetration, and corrosion of SCC were determined. Test results reveal that the resistance to chloride penetration of concrete improves substantially with partial replacement of CT with a blend of GRHBA and the improvement increases with an increase in the replacement level. The corrosion resistances of SCC were better than the CT concrete. In addition, test results indicated that the reduction in porosity was associated with the increase in compressive strength. The porosity is a significant factor as it affects directly the durability of the SCC. This work is suggested that the GHRBA is effective for producing SCC with 30% of GHRBA replacement level.

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