scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Properties of Particleboards Made from Corn Cobs at Varying Proportions of Clay Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
K.S. Aina ◽  
B.C. Falemara ◽  
D.S. Ebeniro
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Exchangeable Bases ◽  
Nominal Density ◽  
Absorption Thickness

Particles of dried corn cobs were employed for manufacture of cement bonded particleboards. Two types of clay soil (red and white) were used as supplement with cement to manufacture cement bonded particleboards. The production of the boards was done at varying proportions of 50/50/0, 50/40/10, 50/30/20, 50/20/30, 50/10/40 and 50/0/50 for (corn/cement/clay) in weight to weight basis while the other considerable production factors like nominal density and curing agent percentage remained constant at 1.30 g/cm3 and 3%. The chemical composition of the soil such as pH, organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, and exchangeable bases were determined. Its impact on physical and mechanical properties such as density, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity were also investigated The results of the analysis of variance shows that all considerable production factors for the cement bonded particleboards were significant at 5% level of probability except clay soil type for density. The results show that cement bonded particleboard made of red clay soil with higher content of exchangeable bases proves better outstanding performance in density, strength and dimensional properties than the white clay soil. Among the cement bonded particleboards made at varying proportions. It was discovered that boards of 50/20/30 (corn/cement/clay) had better strength properties than others. Also, the boards made at the proportions of 50/40/10, 50/10/40 and 50/30/20 (corn/cement/clay) were better dimensionally stabled in moisture exposure but weak in strength. The outcome of this study may serve as a guideline for any manufacturer who intends to use clay soil as supplement for production of particleboards. Keywords: Cement, particleboard, clay soil, corn cobs, strength, variance

scholarly journals Impact of kaolin on physicomechanical properties of density-graded cement bonded paperboards

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6033-6044
Author(s):  
Aina K. Sesan ◽  
Olayiwola Y. Bolarinwa ◽  
Oriire L. Temitope
Keyword(s):  
Cement Content ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Nominal Density ◽  
Printing Papers ◽  
Absorption Thickness

Paperboards of thickness 0.6 cm with densities of 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 g/cm3 were produced from waste papers mixed with cement and kaolin. Printing and corrugated waste papers were employed in the proportions of 50.0/25.0/25.0, 50.0/37.5/12.5, and 50.0/12.5/37.5 (paper/cement/kaolin), respectively. The dimensional and strength properties of the boards were investigated. The values obtained range from 0.40 to 0.94 g/cm3, 51.19 to 68.10%, 0.14 to 3.10%, 0.01 to 1.69 Nmm-2, and 119.98 to 567.32 Nmm-2 for observing the density, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity, respectively. The board of proportion 25/25 of kaolin/cement was densest with high strength. As the nominal density and kaolin content were increased from 12.5 to 37.5%, an increase was observed in density and strength properties. Similarly, as the proportion of kaolin and cement content were increased, the rate of moisture uptake to cavity decreased. This study shows that boards from printing papers were more dimensionally stable than corrugated papers. It revealed that printing papers could be better raw material for manufacture paperboard than corrugated papers. Information provided in this study could be used as a guideline for the manufacture of paperboard reinforced with kaolin as an additional constituent for quality improvement.

scholarly journals Use of wood from Pinus caribaea var. caribaea and Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis for production of particleboard panels

CERNE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Iwakiri ◽  
Alberto Antonio Manhiça ◽  
Carlos Frederico Alice Parchen ◽  
Everilton José Cit ◽  
Rosilani Trianoski
Keyword(s):  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Thickness Swell ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Nominal Density ◽  
Rupture Properties ◽  
Absorption Thickness

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of particleboard panels made with wood from Pinus caribaea var. caribaea and Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis, as obtained from forest stands. Experimental panels were produced with a nominal density of 0.70 g/cm³, using urea-formaldehyde resin and wood particles of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea and Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis, at rates of 100%x0%, 75%x25%, 50%x50%, 25%x75% and 0%x100%. Pinus taeda wood was used as control sample. Panels were compressed at a specific pressure of 40 kgf/cm² and temperature of 160ºC, for 8 minutes. Analysis results of water absorption, thickness swell, internal bond, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture properties indicated feasibility of using wood from Pinus caribaea var. caribaea and Pinus caribaea var. bahamensis for production of particleboard panels, individually or combined at rates of 75%, 50% and 25%.

scholarly journals Assessment of “Musa spp” Fibre Inclusion on the Strength and Sorption Properties of Cement Bonded Particle Board

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jacob Mayowa Owoyemi ◽  
Hazzan Adigun
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Banana Fibre

The increase in demand for wood for various purposes has put serious pressure on Nigeria’s forest with its attendant fall in the supply of solid wood for construction purposes. As an alternative, non-woody material like banana stem fibre is being investigated for the production of Cement Bonded Particle Board (CBPB). The sorption and strength properties of CBPB from Musa spp fibre were assessed. The board samples were formed using cement to materials mixing ration of 2:1 and 3:1 and blending proportions of sawdust and banana fibre using ordinary Portland cement as a binder. Physical and Mechanical properties of boards produced from stem using were investigated. The influence of blending proportion (B.P) and mixing ratio (MR) on Density, Water Absorption (WA), Thickness Swelling (TS), Linear Expansion, Modulus of Rupture (MOR), and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) were determined. The results of sorption properties showed that for immersion at 24, 48, and 72 hours, WA, TS, and LE decreased with an increase in mixing ratio. MOE mean values ranged between 293.65 and 2367.01 N/mm2 for 2:1 and 250.99 and 2009.28 N/mm2 for 3:1 while MOR values ranged between 2.55 and 7.592 N/mm2 for 2:1 and ranged from 0.55 to 1.40 N/mm2 for 3:1 respectively. The result proved that banana fibre is suitable for the production of panel products with enhanced strength properties.

scholarly journals Dimensional stability and strength properties of wood plastic composites produced from sawdust of Cordia alliodora (Ruiz and Pav.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Izekor ◽  
M. E. Mordi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Plastic Composites

This study evaluates the effects of densities and mixing ratio on the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composites boards at mixing ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.4 and nominal densities of 700kg/mm3 and 800kg/mm3. The quantity of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and saw dust used in the production of Wood Plastic Composites (WPCs) was weighed to a nominal density of 700kg/mm3 and 800kg/mm3. The materials were thoroughly mixed and fed into a neatly primed oil mould with a dimension of 300 x 300 x 10 mm. Test samples used for physical and mechanical properties determination were collected from each board produced from the mould. The results showed that WPCs board produced from mixing ratio 1:1 had the highest Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) values of 6.52 mm N-2 and 564.95 mm N-2 respectively. Water absorption, thickness swelling and linear expansion of WPCs produced from wood/plastic ratio of 1:1.4 had the lowest mean values of 6.67, 0.83, 0.68% and 21.61, 1.33, 5.35% respectively after 2 hours and 24 hours of water immersion test. Analysis of variance carried out at 0.05% probability level showed that the effect of density and mixing ratio were significant on the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composites boards.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KAPUR SEBAGAI STABILIZING AGENT TERHADAP INDEKS PLASTISITAS DAN KUAT GESER LEMPUNG EKSPANSIF MEUNASAH RAYEUK

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Teuku Julis Syamdiofa ◽  
Munirwansyah Munirwansyah ◽  
Renni Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Soil Plasticity ◽  
Shear Strength Test ◽  
Yellow Clay

Clay soil from Desa Meunasah Rayeuk quarry in Kaway XVI,  West Aceh Regency is a land material frequently used for construction of road infrastructure. In this quarry, there are three types of soil based on the color, yellow, red, and gray. The three types of soil have expansive characteristics, so they are not suitable for subgrade.  This unoptimal characteristic can be improved through soil stabilization. One of them by utilizing the reaction of catinonization between lime Ca(OH)2 with the clay soil. Therefore, a research needs to be conducted to find out the characteristics of physical and mechanical properties of the original soil and the effect of cationization of the soil and lime mixture on the soil plasticity index and soil shear strength parameters. Testing is done through mineralogical test and ASTM standard tests that include physical properties, standard compaction, and direct shear strength test. Variations of lime addition are 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% of the soil dry weight. The test results show that the addition of lime can reduce the soil plasticity index and increase the shear strength of the soil on some level. At mixing up to 12% lime, the soil plasticity index dropped to 12.93% in yellow clay, 11.12% in red clay, and 16,76% in gray clay. The plasticity index after the addition of 12% lime has not met the minimum plasticity index requirement, ie 11%. The maximum shear strength for yellow clay is obtained at 3% lime, and 6% lime for red and gray clays.

Analysis of the stress-strain state of copper M0B under different schemes of equal channel angular pressing and its effect on the structure and physical and mechanical properties

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
L. F. Sennikova ◽  
G. K. Volkova ◽  
V. M. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Loading Pattern ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Fine Copper ◽  
Copper Structure

The results of studies of the stress-strain state of copper M0b after deformation under different schemes of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) are presented. The level of macro and micro stresses in copper has been determined in various ECAP modes. It is shown that the strength properties, deformation porosity and parameters of the fine copper structure differ depending on the loading pattern.

scholarly journals Improved strength properties of LVL glued using PVAc adhesives with physical treatment-based Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 711-725
Author(s):  
Sutrisno ◽  
Eka Mulya Alamsyah ◽  
Ginanjar Gumilar ◽  
Takashi Tanaka ◽  
Masaaki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Cold Pressing ◽  
Laminated Veneer Lumber ◽  
Pressing Time

AbstractThe properties of the laminated veneer lumber (LVL) composed of the boiled veneer of Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) using polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesives in various cold-pressing time and various conditioned time with loaded and unloaded were studied. Five-ply LVL was produced by boiling veneer at 100°C for 90 min as pretreatment and cold-pressing time at 12 kgf cm−2 for 1.5, 6, 18, and 24 h then conditioned at 20°C and 65% relative humidity (RH) with loaded (12 kgf cm−2) and unloaded for 7 days as physical treatment. Especially for the delamination test, the specimens were immersed at 70 ± 3°C for 2 h and dried in the oven at 60 ± 3°C for 24 h; then, the specimens were solidified at room temperature (20°C and 65% RH) with loaded (12 kgf cm−2) and unloaded for 7, 10, 12, and 14 days. To determine the performance of LVL, the density, moisture content (MC), delamination, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), horizontal shear strength, and formaldehyde emission tests were conducted according to the Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS 2008) for structural LVL. The MOE and MOR values were significantly influenced by the physical treatment, however, neither to horizontal shear strength nor to formaldehyde emission. The best performance of LVL has resulted from unloaded LVL with cold-pressed time for 18 h; the MOE and MOR values were 9,345.05 ± 141.61 N mm−2 and 80.67 ± 1.77 N mm−2, respectively. The best value of the horizontal shear strength was obtained from the LVL with 18 h cold-pressing time and conditioned with loaded (13.10 ± 1.47 N mm−2) and unloaded (12.23 ± 1.36 N mm−2). The percentage of delamination values decreased with an increase in the cold-pressing time and conditioning time. The lowest value of delamination (19.06%) was obtained from the LVL with 24 h cold-pressing time and conditioned with loaded for 14 days. Except the delamination test, all other properties fulfilled the JAS.

Impact of Chemical Modification on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Tropical Wood Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Sinin Hamdan ◽  
M. Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
D Values ◽  
Benzene Diazonium

Five types of selected tropical light hardwoods were chemically modified with benzene diazonium salt to improve their physical and mechanical properties. Benzene diazonium salt underwent a coupling reaction with wood which was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. The compressive modulus of the treated wood increased, whereas modulus of rupture was shown to decrease on treatment. The modified wood samples had higher hardness (Shore D) values compared to that of the control ones.

scholarly journals Composites from Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Reinforced Rubberwood Sawdust: Effects of Sawdust Size and Content on Thermal, Physical, and Mechanical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatree Homkhiew ◽  
Surasit Rawangwong ◽  
Worapong Boonchouytan ◽  
Wiriya Thongruang ◽  
Thanate Ratanawilai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Plastic Content

The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of rubberwood sawdust (RWS) size and content as well as the ratio of natural rubber (NR)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blend on properties of RWS reinforced thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) composites. The addition of RWS about 30–50 wt% improved the modulus of the rupture and tensile strength of TPNR composites blending with NR/HDPE ratios of 60/40 and 50/50. TPNR composites reinforced with RWS 80 mesh yielded better tensile strength and modulus of rupture than the composites with RWS 40 mesh. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger HDPE content gave higher tensile, flexural, and Shore hardness properties and thermal stability as well as lower water absorption. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger plastic content were therefore suggested for applications requiring high performance of thermal, physical, and mechanical properties.

Experimental Research on the Engineering Properties of Foam-Improved Red Clay Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 1831-1835
Author(s):  
Guo Gang Qiao ◽  
Da Jun Yuan ◽  
Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Shield Tunneling ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Improvement Measures

Red clay soil is widely distributed in south China, the microstructure of red clay soil was studied applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) test found that a large number of swelling inducing minerals, for example, montmorillonite, illite-montmorillonite or chlorite-smectite were contained in the red clay soil. Shield tunneling in this kind of stratum is prone to arising “cake” and “arch” phenomena and it prone to lead screw conveyor device unsmooth dumping, so soil improvement measures must be taken. Foam as the most advanced soil conditioner has been widely used in shield construction. Using self-developed foam agent, experimental research on foam conditioning red clay soil was carried out, test results show that foam can not only significantly reduce the soil shear strength, but also can greatly enhance the soil's compressibility and fluidity, which is significant for the smooth dumping and excavation face stability maintenance.

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